Pine Bark Extract and Warfarin, a caution.
Pine bark extract (pycnogenol) inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces thromboxane generation. Combined with warfarin, these pharmacodynamic antiplatelet effects can additively raise bleeding risk even without changing the INR.
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At a glance
- Substances
- Pine Bark Extract and Warfarin
- Pair type
- Caution
- Evidence (highest tier)
- Emerging
- Source citations
- 2 sources
- Stack Score effect
- −5 to your Stack Score (per scored caution row).
- Scope
- Supplement × Prescription
- Last verified
- May 30, 2026
Caution · Emerging evidence
Caution
What is happening. Pine bark extract (pycnogenol) inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces thromboxane generation. Combined with warfarin, these pharmacodynamic antiplatelet effects can additively raise bleeding risk even without changing the INR.
Mechanism. Procyanidins in pine bark extract inhibit platelet aggregation by reducing thromboxane A2 generation and modulating platelet receptor signaling. This is a pharmacodynamic effect that adds to warfarin's reduction of clotting factor synthesis without altering the INR.
Recommendation. Avoid pine bark extract supplements on warfarin. If you take it, keep the dose constant, watch for unusual bruising or bleeding, and tell your anticoagulation clinic before any dose change.
Sources (2)
- Tan CSS, Lee SWH. Warfarin and food, herbal or dietary supplement interactions: A systematic review. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;87(2):352-374. PMID 32478963
- Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2000;57(13):1221-7. PMID 10902065
Stack Score
How this pair moves the number.
Effect on the composite score
If both Pine Bark Extract and Warfarin are in the same stack, this pair applies −5 to your Stack Score (per scored caution row).
The full algorithm, the clamping rules, and four worked stacks are documented at /methodology/stack-score.
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