NutriStack Research/2,504 interactions·4 severity levels·sorted dangerous-first
Every interaction, checked.
Supplement and drug interaction records graded by severity. Filter by any substance, then open a pair for the mechanism, timing, and sources.
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Severity mix
- Dangerous
- 144
- Serious
- 408
- Moderate
- 1,009
- Info
- 970
2,531 records, sorted dangerous first below.
2,504 interactions · Open the interaction checker →
Dangerous
144- 5-HTP × CitalopramDangerous5-HTP combined with citalopram creates serotonin syndrome risk. Citalopram also prolongs QTc, and serotonin excess can worsen...
- 5-HTP × ClomipramineDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis and can precipitate serotonin syndrome with clomipramine.
- 5-HTP × DesvenlafaxineDangerousDesvenlafaxine blocks serotonin reuptake, while 5-HTP is converted directly into serotonin. Taking them together can push...
- 5-HTP × FluvoxamineDangerous5-HTP is the immediate precursor to serotonin and bypasses the rate-limiting step in serotonin synthesis. Combined with...
- 5-HTP × IsocarboxazidDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while Isocarboxazid reduces monoamine breakdown. Combining them can cause dangerous...
- 5-HTP × L-TryptophanDangerousBoth 5-HTP and L-Tryptophan increase serotonin synthesis. Combining them creates additive serotonin excess, risking serotonin...
- 5-HTP × LevomilnacipranDangerous5-HTP can raise serotonin synthesis and add to levomilnacipran's serotonergic activity.
- 5-HTP × LinezolidDangerous5-HTP can increase serotonergic tone and is unsafe with Linezolid's monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.
- 5-HTP × MAOIsDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while MAOIs reduce monoamine breakdown. Combining them can cause dangerous serotonergic...
- 5-HTP × MDMADangerousTaking 5-HTP with MDMA sharply increases the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening state of excess...
- 5-HTP × ParoxetineDangerous5-HTP combined with paroxetine creates dangerous serotonin syndrome risk. Paroxetine is the most potent SERT inhibitor among...
- 5-HTP × PhenelzineDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while Phenelzine reduces monoamine breakdown. Combining them can cause dangerous...
- 5-HTP × RasagilineDangerous5-HTP can increase serotonin synthesis and is unsafe with MAO-inhibiting therapy.
- 5-HTP × SelegilineDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while Selegiline reduces monoamine breakdown. Combining them can cause dangerous...
- 5-HTP × SSRIs/SNRIs/MAOIsDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis and can combine dangerously with serotonergic antidepressants or MAO inhibitors, increasing...
- 5-HTP × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort inhibits serotonin reuptake while 5-HTP floods serotonin synthesis. Combined use risks serotonin syndrome: a...
- 5-HTP × TapentadolDangerous5-HTP may increase serotonergic tone and could raise serotonin syndrome risk with tapentadol.
- 5-HTP × TranylcypromineDangerous5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while Tranylcypromine reduces monoamine breakdown. Combining them can cause dangerous...
- 5-HTP × TrazodoneDangerousTrazodone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI). Combined with 5-HTP, the increased serotonin production...
- 5-HTP × VilazodoneDangerous5-HTP can increase serotonin production and may precipitate serotonin syndrome with vilazodone.
- 5-HTP × VortioxetineDangerous5-HTP is a direct serotonin precursor. Combining it with vortioxetine can produce excessive serotonergic activity and serotonin...
- Acitretin × AlcoholDangerousAlcohol can convert acitretin back into etretinate, a much more lipophilic retinoid with a very long elimination time. This is...
- Acitretin × Vitamin ADangerousAcitretin is a systemic retinoid with vitamin A-like toxicity. Adding preformed vitamin A supplements can stack retinoid effects...
- Albuterol × CocaineDangerousCocaine and albuterol can both increase adrenergic cardiovascular stress. Cocaine can cause tachycardia, hypertension, coronary...
- Alcohol × AlprazolamDangerousAlcohol can sharply amplify alprazolam's sedating and coordination-impairing effects. The combination increases risk of...
- Alcohol × ClonazepamDangerousAlcohol adds to clonazepam's CNS-depressant effects and can produce marked drowsiness, slowed reaction time, ataxia, memory...
- Alcohol × CocaineDangerousCombining cocaine with alcohol produces cocaethylene in the liver, a longer-lasting and more cardiotoxic compound that sharply...
- Alcohol × DiazepamDangerousAlcohol and diazepam together produce additive psychomotor impairment, slowed reactions, memory problems, and excessive...
- Alcohol × EszopicloneDangerousAlcohol can add to eszopiclone's hypnotic and psychomotor-impairing effects. The combination can cause excessive sedation,...
- Alcohol × HydrocodoneDangerousAlcohol can dangerously amplify hydrocodone's sedating and breathing-slowing effects. The combination increases the risk of...
- Alcohol × KetamineDangerousCombining ketamine with alcohol produces additive central nervous system and respiratory depression, raising the risk of...
- Alcohol × LorazepamDangerousAlcohol compounds lorazepam's sedating, amnestic, and coordination-impairing effects. Even if lorazepam is not strongly...
- Alcohol × MetronidazoleDangerousMetronidazole inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and concurrent alcohol can trigger a disulfiram-like reaction including...
- Alcohol × MorphineDangerousAlcohol can add to morphine's opioid sedation and respiratory depression. This can lead to extreme drowsiness, impaired airway...
- Alcohol × OxycodoneDangerousAlcohol substantially increases the respiratory depression caused by oxycodone. In a controlled human study, oxycodone reduced...
- Alcohol × TramadolDangerousAlcohol can add to tramadol's opioid sedation and respiratory depression while also worsening judgment and coordination....
- Alcohol × ZolpidemDangerousAlcohol adds to zolpidem's hypnotic and psychomotor-impairing effects. Controlled testing showed both zolpidem and alcohol...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1)DangerousAlpha-lipoic acid may lower glucose and could add to IGF-1 LR3-related hypoglycemia risk.
- Alprazolam × HydrocodoneDangerousFDA Black Box Warning: The combination of hydrocodone and alprazolam carries severe risk of fatal respiratory depression. This...
- Alprazolam × OxycodoneDangerousFDA Black Box Warning: Concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines can result in profound sedation, respiratory depression,...
- Amiodarone × CiprofloxacinDangerousBoth amiodarone and fluoroquinolones independently prolong the QT interval. Concurrent use creates additive QT prolongation...
- Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine × CocaineDangerousCocaine and amphetamine/dextroamphetamine are both sympathomimetic stimulants. Using them together can intensify tachycardia,...
- Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine × MDMADangerousMDMA is a substituted amphetamine with strong serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine releasing effects. Combining it with...
- Apixaban × NattokinaseDangerousNattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme that degrades fibrin and reduces clotting factor levels. Combined with apixaban's factor Xa...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × NattokinaseDangerousNattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme that directly degrades fibrin and reduces clotting factors. A documented case describes...
- Berberine × IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1)DangerousBerberine can lower glucose and IGF-1 LR3 may cause insulin-like glucose lowering, increasing hypoglycemia risk.
- Berberine HCl × Cyclosporine/TacrolimusDangerousBerberine inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, increasing cyclosporine AUC by 34.5% and prolonging half-life by 2.7 hours in...
- Calcitriol × Vitamin D3DangerousAdditional vitamin D can increase the risk of vitamin D toxicity and hypercalcemia during calcitriol therapy.
- Calcium × CeftriaxoneDangerousCeftriaxone and calcium-containing IV fluids can form insoluble ceftriaxone-calcium precipitates in lung and kidney tissue, with...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × WarfarinDangerousTHC-dominant cannabis can raise INR and bleeding risk in people taking warfarin. Case reports describe supratherapeutic INR...
- Citalopram × L-TryptophanDangerousL-Tryptophan is the upstream precursor to serotonin. Combined with citalopram's serotonin reuptake blockade, supplemental...
- Citalopram × MDMADangerousCitalopram blocks the serotonin transporter MDMA uses to release serotonin, blunting the subjective effect while still...
- Citalopram × St. John's WortDangerousDual serotonin reuptake inhibition from citalopram and St. John's Wort creates serotonin syndrome risk.
- Clarithromycin × SimvastatinDangerousClarithromycin is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor that dramatically increases simvastatin plasma levels (up to 10-fold), greatly...
- Clomipramine × L-TryptophanDangerousSupplemental L-Tryptophan can increase serotonin production during clomipramine therapy.
- Clomipramine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort can add serotonergic activity and can alter metabolism of many drugs.
- Clopidogrel × NattokinaseDangerousNattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme that degrades fibrin and reduces clotting factors. Combined with clopidogrel's...
- Cocaine × LisdexamfetamineDangerousLisdexamfetamine is converted to dextroamphetamine and produces stimulant cardiovascular effects that can overlap with cocaine....
- Cocaine × MethylphenidateDangerousMethylphenidate and cocaine both act as stimulant monoamine transporter blockers. A small controlled study did not find...
- Cocaine × PseudoephedrineDangerousPseudoephedrine and cocaine are both sympathomimetic stimulants, so combined use can sharply increase blood pressure, heart...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, dramatically reducing levels of ethinyl estradiol and progestins. This causes contraceptive...
- Cyclosporine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort can markedly reduce cyclosporine concentrations and has been associated with transplant rejection.
- Dabigatran × NattokinaseDangerousNattokinase has fibrinolytic activity and can reduce clotting factors. Dabigatran directly inhibits thrombin, so combining the...
- Desvenlafaxine × L-TryptophanDangerousDesvenlafaxine is an SNRI with meaningful serotonin reuptake inhibition, and L-tryptophan is converted into serotonin....
- Desvenlafaxine × MDMADangerousDesvenlafaxine blocks serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, and MDMA forces serotonin and norepinephrine release through the...
- Desvenlafaxine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort has antidepressant-like serotonergic activity and is a major herb-drug interaction trigger. Combining it with...
- Diazepam × MorphineDangerousFDA Black Box Warning: Concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine use can result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma,...
- Duloxetine × L-TryptophanDangerousDuloxetine blocks both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, and L-tryptophan provides extra substrate for serotonin synthesis....
- Duloxetine × MDMADangerousDuloxetine directly interferes with MDMA pharmacology at serotonin and norepinephrine transporters. In a controlled human study,...
- Duloxetine × St. John's WortDangerousCombining duloxetine (an SNRI) with St. John's Wort creates a serious risk of serotonin syndrome. Both agents increase synaptic...
- Enoxaparin × NattokinaseDangerousNattokinase has fibrinolytic activity and can reduce clotting factor levels. Enoxaparin potentiates antithrombin activity...
- Eplerenone × PotassiumDangerousEplerenone is a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that can raise serum potassium. Adding potassium supplements can push...
- Escitalopram × MDMADangerousEscitalopram blocks the serotonin transporter that MDMA uses to release serotonin, blunting MDMA's intended effect while still...
- Escitalopram × St. John's WortDangerousCombining escitalopram with St. John's Wort significantly increases the risk of serotonin syndrome. Escitalopram is the most...
- Fluoxetine × MDMADangerousMDMA produces its effects by reversing the serotonin transporter; fluoxetine blocks that transporter. The result is...
- Fluoxetine × St. John's WortDangerousCombining fluoxetine with St. John's Wort creates a high risk of serotonin syndrome. Fluoxetine has a long half-life (including...
- Fluoxetine × TramadolDangerousFluoxetine combined with tramadol creates dual serotonin syndrome risk. Additionally, fluoxetine inhibits CYP2D6, reducing...
- Fluvoxamine × L-TryptophanDangerousL-Tryptophan is the upstream precursor to serotonin; combined with fluvoxamine's serotonin reuptake blockade, it can drive...
- Fluvoxamine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort has SSRI-like activity and is a strong CYP3A4/2C9 inducer. Combined with fluvoxamine, the additive serotonergic...
- Ginkgo Biloba × IbuprofenDangerousGinkgo biloba may add antiplatelet effects to ibuprofen and has a published case of fatal intracerebral bleeding with ibuprofen....
- Grapefruit Juice × LovastatinDangerousGrapefruit juice inhibits intestinal CYP3A4 and can substantially increase lovastatin exposure, raising myopathy and...
- Grapefruit Juice × SimvastatinDangerousGrapefruit juice inhibits intestinal CYP3A4 and can substantially increase simvastatin exposure, raising myopathy and...
- Isocarboxazid × L-TryptophanDangerousL-Tryptophan feeds serotonin synthesis while Isocarboxazid reduces serotonin breakdown, increasing risk of serotonin syndrome.
- Isocarboxazid × Tyramine / High-Tyramine FoodsDangerousIsocarboxazid is an irreversible MAOI that can sharply reduce tyramine breakdown. High-tyramine foods can then trigger sudden,...
- Isotretinoin × Vitamin ADangerousIsotretinoin is a retinoid (13-cis-retinoic acid) that acts as a potent form of vitamin A. Adding supplemental vitamin A to...
- Itraconazole × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort can induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters and may lower Itraconazole exposure or undermine therapy.
- L-Tryptophan × LevomilnacipranDangerousSupplemental L-Tryptophan increases serotonin precursor availability and may increase serotonin syndrome risk with...
- L-Tryptophan × LinezolidDangerousL-Tryptophan can increase serotonergic tone and is unsafe with Linezolid's monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.
- L-Tryptophan × MAOIsDangerousL-Tryptophan feeds serotonin synthesis while MAOIs reduce serotonin breakdown, increasing risk of serotonin syndrome.
- L-Tryptophan × MDMADangerousL-Tryptophan combined with MDMA raises the risk of serotonin syndrome by supplying additional serotonin precursor on top of...
- L-Tryptophan × ParoxetineDangerousL-Tryptophan is the upstream precursor to serotonin. Combined with paroxetine's potent serotonin reuptake blockade, supplemental...
- L-Tryptophan × PhenelzineDangerousL-Tryptophan feeds serotonin synthesis while Phenelzine reduces serotonin breakdown, increasing risk of serotonin syndrome.
- L-Tryptophan × RasagilineDangerousL-Tryptophan supplementation increases serotonin precursor availability during MAO-B inhibitor therapy.
- L-Tryptophan × SelegilineDangerousL-Tryptophan feeds serotonin synthesis while Selegiline reduces serotonin breakdown, increasing risk of serotonin syndrome.
- L-Tryptophan × SSRIs/SNRIs/MAOIsDangerousL-Tryptophan is a serotonin precursor and can combine dangerously with serotonergic antidepressants or MAO inhibitors,...
- L-Tryptophan × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort inhibits serotonin reuptake while L-Tryptophan increases serotonin synthesis. Risk of serotonin syndrome.
- L-Tryptophan × TapentadolDangerousL-tryptophan can increase serotonin precursor availability and may raise serotonin syndrome risk with tapentadol.
- L-Tryptophan × TranylcypromineDangerousL-Tryptophan feeds serotonin synthesis while Tranylcypromine reduces serotonin breakdown, increasing risk of serotonin syndrome.
- L-Tryptophan × TrazodoneDangerousL-Tryptophan is the upstream serotonin precursor. Trazodone is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT2A antagonist with active...
- L-Tryptophan × VenlafaxineDangerousL-Tryptophan is the upstream dietary precursor for serotonin, and venlafaxine blocks serotonin reuptake. Concentrated tryptophan...
- L-Tryptophan × VilazodoneDangerousL-Tryptophan supplements can increase serotonin synthesis and add to vilazodone's serotonergic effect.
- L-Tryptophan × VortioxetineDangerousSupplemental L-Tryptophan can increase serotonin synthesis and raise serotonin-toxicity risk with vortioxetine.
- Levomilnacipran × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort can increase serotonergic activity and can induce drug-metabolizing pathways.
- Linezolid × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort can increase serotonergic tone and is unsafe with Linezolid's monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.
- Lisdexamfetamine × MDMADangerousLisdexamfetamine produces dextroamphetamine exposure, and MDMA adds serotonergic and sympathomimetic stimulation. Co-use can...
- Lithium Orotate × PsilocybinDangerousCombining psilocybin with lithium has been associated in case reports and online experience reports with seizures and severe...
- Lurasidone × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort is a strong CYP3A4 inducer and can markedly lower lurasidone exposure.
- MAOIs × Tyramine / High-Tyramine FoodsDangerousIrreversible MAO inhibitors can sharply reduce tyramine breakdown. High-tyramine foods can then trigger sudden, severe...
- MDMA × MethylphenidateDangerousMethylphenidate and MDMA have a documented human pharmacodynamic interaction. In a controlled crossover study, the combination...
- MDMA × ParoxetineDangerousParoxetine blocks the serotonin transporter MDMA uses to release serotonin, and paroxetine is also a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor —...
- MDMA × PseudoephedrineDangerousPseudoephedrine can add to MDMA's stimulant cardiovascular effects. Controlled human studies show MDMA increases blood pressure,...
- MDMA × RizatriptanDangerousMDMA causes large serotonin release and can trigger severe serotonin toxicity and hyperthermia. Rizatriptan is a serotonin...
- MDMA × SertralineDangerousMDMA causes massive serotonin release by reversing the serotonin transporter (SERT), and sertraline blocks SERT — the same...
- MDMA × SumatriptanDangerousMDMA causes a large serotonin release and can produce severe serotonin toxicity and hyperthermia. Sumatriptan is a serotonin...
- MDMA × TramadolDangerousMDMA releases and blocks reuptake of serotonin, and tramadol also inhibits serotonin reuptake while lowering the seizure...
- MDMA × VenlafaxineDangerousMDMA releases large amounts of serotonin and norepinephrine through monoamine transporters, while venlafaxine blocks serotonin...
- Nattokinase × PrasugrelDangerousNattokinase has fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects that can stack with prasugrel's potent antiplatelet effect. A case report...
- Nattokinase × RivaroxabanDangerousNattokinase is a direct fibrinolytic enzyme that also reduces clotting factor levels. Combined with rivaroxaban's factor Xa...
- Nattokinase × TicagrelorDangerousNattokinase can add fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects to ticagrelor's potent antiplatelet action. Human studies show...
- Nattokinase × WarfarinDangerousNattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme that degrades fibrin directly and reduces clotting factors. Combined with warfarin, the...
- Paroxetine × St. John's WortDangerousDual serotonin reuptake inhibition from paroxetine and St. John's Wort creates high serotonin syndrome risk.
- Phenelzine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort is serotonergic and is inappropriate with irreversible MAOIs.
- Phenelzine × Tyramine / High-Tyramine FoodsDangerousPhenelzine is an irreversible MAOI that can sharply reduce tyramine breakdown. High-tyramine foods can then trigger sudden,...
- Potassium × SpironolactoneDangerousSpironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks aldosterone. Adding potassium supplements creates very high...
- Potassium × Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleDangerousTrimethoprim blocks the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the distal nephron, acting similarly to potassium-sparing diuretics...
- Quetiapine × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort is a potent CYP3A4 inducer that can reduce quetiapine plasma concentrations by up to 80%, essentially rendering...
- Rasagiline × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort is listed among contraindicated products with rasagiline because of serotonin syndrome risk.
- SAMe × SSRIs/SNRIsDangerousSAMe increases serotonin synthesis. Combined with SSRIs: serotonin syndrome and/or manic switch risk. 9/11 bipolar patients...
- Schisandra × Tacrolimus/CyclosporineDangerousSchisandra increased tacrolimus AUC by 164% and Cmax by 227%. Potentially fatal in transplant patients.
- Selegiline × St. John's WortDangerousSt. John's Wort is explicitly contraindicated with selegiline transdermal labeling and is unsafe with MAOI therapy because of...
- Selegiline × Tyramine / High-Tyramine FoodsDangerousSelegiline can act as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor depending on formulation and dose. Systemic or higher-dose MAOI exposure can...
- Sertraline × St. John's WortDangerousCombining sertraline (an SSRI) with St. John's Wort creates a serious risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening...
- Sertraline × TramadolDangerousConcurrent use of SSRIs and tramadol significantly increases the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening...
- St. John's Wort × TacrolimusDangerousSt. John's Wort can markedly lower tacrolimus concentrations and cause rejection risk.
- St. John's Wort × TapentadolDangerousSt. John's Wort has serotonergic activity and can interact unpredictably with centrally acting analgesics, increasing serotonin...
- St. John's Wort × TramadolDangerousCombining tramadol with St. John's Wort creates dual risks: serotonin syndrome from additive serotonergic effects, and potential...
- St. John's Wort × TranylcypromineDangerousSt. John's Wort has serotonergic effects and is unsafe with irreversible MAOIs.
- St. John's Wort × VenlafaxineDangerousCombining venlafaxine with St. John's Wort creates a dangerous risk of serotonin syndrome. Multiple case reports have documented...
- St. John's Wort × VilazodoneDangerousSt. John's Wort has serotonergic effects and can also induce CYP3A4, making both toxicity and loss of antidepressant control...
- St. John's Wort × VoriconazoleDangerousSt. John's Wort can induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters and may lower Voriconazole exposure or undermine therapy.
- St. John's Wort × VortioxetineDangerousSt. John's Wort has serotonergic activity and can interact unpredictably with antidepressants.
- St. John's Wort × WarfarinDangerousSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and P-glycoprotein, which dramatically accelerates warfarin metabolism...
- Tranylcypromine × Tyramine / High-Tyramine FoodsDangerousTranylcypromine is an irreversible MAOI that can sharply reduce tyramine breakdown. High-tyramine foods can then trigger sudden,...
- Tretinoin Oral × Vitamin ADangerousOral tretinoin is all-trans retinoic acid, an active vitamin A metabolite used systemically for acute promyelocytic leukemia....
Serious
399- 5-HTP × BuspironeSerious5-HTP is a direct serotonin precursor, and buspirone acts at serotonin 5-HT1A receptors. Taking them together can add...
- 5-HTP × Crocin (Saffron Extract)Serious5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while saffron modulates serotonin reuptake. Used together they may additively raise...
- 5-HTP × DoxepinSeriousAt antidepressant doses, doxepin has serotonin reuptake effects; 5-HTP can increase serotonin synthesis.
- 5-HTP × DuloxetineSeriousDuloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that potently blocks serotonin reuptake. Adding 5-HTP, a...
- 5-HTP × EscitalopramSerious5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis while escitalopram potently blocks serotonin reuptake. This combination creates significant...
- 5-HTP × FluoxetineSerious5-HTP directly increases serotonin synthesis, while fluoxetine blocks serotonin reuptake. This combination can lead to serotonin...
- 5-HTP × MirtazapineSeriousMirtazapine enhances serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission through alpha-2 antagonism. Adding 5-HTP increases serotonin...
- 5-HTP × RizatriptanSerious5-HTP is a serotonin precursor, and rizatriptan is a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Direct case evidence for this exact pair is...
- 5-HTP × Saffron ExtractSeriousBoth may increase serotonergic tone and could raise serotonin-toxicity risk when combined with serotonergic medications.
- 5-HTP × SertralineSerious5-HTP is a direct precursor to serotonin that bypasses the rate-limiting step in serotonin synthesis. When combined with...
- 5-HTP × SumatriptanSerious5-HTP is a direct serotonin precursor, and sumatriptan is a serotonin receptor agonist used for migraine attacks. Direct case...
- 5-HTP × TramadolSeriousTramadol has significant serotonergic activity in addition to its opioid effects, inhibiting serotonin reuptake. Combining it...
- 5-HTP × VenlafaxineSeriousVenlafaxine is an SNRI that blocks serotonin reuptake, particularly at lower doses where its effect is predominantly...
- Activated Charcoal × DigoxinSeriousActivated charcoal binds digoxin in the gastrointestinal tract and can sharply reduce absorption when taken near a dose. Because...
- Activated Charcoal × NACSeriousActivated charcoal adsorbs NAC in the GI tract, rendering it ineffective. This is clinically important because NAC is the...
- Activated Charcoal × PhenytoinSeriousActivated charcoal can strongly adsorb phenytoin in the gut and reduce its absorption. In volunteer data, charcoal given...
- Alcohol × AmitriptylineSeriousAlcohol can markedly worsen amitriptyline-related impairment. Human studies found ethanol increased free amitriptyline exposure...
- Alcohol × Amphetamine/DextroamphetamineSeriousAmphetamine/dextroamphetamine can partially counter alcohol-related psychomotor slowing without making the person sober. This...
- Alcohol × Aspirin Low-DoseSeriousAlcohol increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from low-dose aspirin. Aspirin impairs platelet function and...
- Alcohol × BaclofenSeriousAlcohol and baclofen can both cause sedation, dizziness, slowed reaction time, and impaired coordination. Human...
- Alcohol × Cannabis (THC-Dominant)SeriousCombining THC-dominant cannabis with alcohol produces additive central nervous system depression and impairment, with greater...
- Alcohol × CyclobenzaprineSeriousCyclobenzaprine commonly causes drowsiness, dizziness, and slowed reaction time, and alcohol can intensify those effects....
- Alcohol × DiclofenacSeriousAlcohol can increase diclofenac-related gastrointestinal bleeding risk. Diclofenac reduces protective gastric prostaglandins,...
- Alcohol × DiphenhydramineSeriousAlcohol can add to diphenhydramine's sedating and anticholinergic effects. Human testing found worse mental-performance...
- Alcohol × DuloxetineSeriousDuloxetine has a known rare risk of clinically significant liver injury, and substantial alcohol use is a recognized risk factor...
- Alcohol × FluconazoleSeriousFluconazole is hepatotoxic in a dose- and duration-dependent fashion, and alcohol is one of the strongest modifiable risk...
- Alcohol × GabapentinSeriousAlcohol can make gabapentin-related dizziness, slowed reaction time, and sedation less predictable. A small human laboratory...
- Alcohol × GuanfacineSeriousGuanfacine lowers sympathetic outflow and commonly causes sedation, fatigue, dizziness, bradycardia, and lower blood pressure....
- Alcohol × HydroxyzineSeriousAlcohol can markedly worsen hydroxyzine-related drowsiness, slowed reaction time, and clumsiness. In a controlled crossover...
- Alcohol × IbuprofenSeriousAlcohol increases the chance of stomach bleeding while taking ibuprofen. The combination is most concerning with repeated...
- Alcohol × LeflunomideSeriousLeflunomide can cause clinically significant liver injury, including rare severe drug-induced liver injury. Alcohol adds hepatic...
- Alcohol × MDMASeriousCombining MDMA with alcohol increases dehydration, cardiovascular strain, and impaired judgment, and alcohol can mask MDMA's...
- Alcohol × MeloxicamSeriousAlcohol can increase the risk of stomach bleeding while taking meloxicam. Meloxicam is somewhat COX-2 selective but still causes...
- Alcohol × MemantineSeriousA controlled human study found that combining memantine with alcohol increased dissociation, confusion, stimulation, and...
- Alcohol × MethocarbamolSeriousMethocarbamol can cause sedation, dizziness, and impaired coordination, and alcohol can make these effects stronger. The...
- Alcohol × MethotrexateSeriousAlcohol can add to methotrexate's liver toxicity risk, especially with regular or heavy use. The risk is most important for...
- Alcohol × MethylphenidateSeriousAlcohol changes methylphenidate handling and can form ethylphenidate, an active transesterification metabolite. Ethanol can...
- Alcohol × NaproxenSeriousAlcohol can compound naproxen's gastrointestinal bleeding risk. Naproxen is among the NSAIDs more strongly associated with upper...
- Alcohol × NicotineSeriousCombining nicotine and alcohol increases cardiovascular strain (heart rate and blood pressure) and reinforces co-dependence,...
- Alcohol × NortriptylineSeriousNortriptyline is less sedating than amitriptyline for some patients, but it is still a tricyclic antidepressant that can impair...
- Alcohol × OlanzapineSeriousAlcohol can add to olanzapine-related sedation, slowed reaction time, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Olanzapine can...
- Alcohol × PregabalinSeriousPregabalin can cause dizziness, blurred vision, slowed thinking, ataxia, and sedation, and alcohol can intensify these effects....
- Alcohol × PromethazineSeriousAlcohol can add to promethazine's sedating, anticholinergic, and coordination-impairing effects. Human studies show promethazine...
- Alcohol × QuetiapineSeriousAlcohol can markedly increase quetiapine-related sleepiness, dizziness, slowed reactions, and poor coordination. Quetiapine's...
- Alcohol × RisperidoneSeriousAlcohol can increase risperidone-related drowsiness, slowed thinking, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Even when...
- Alcohol × SuvorexantSeriousAlcohol can add to suvorexant-related sleepiness and impaired alertness. A clinical alcohol coadministration study found...
- Alcohol × TamsulosinSeriousTamsulosin can cause orthostatic hypotension, particularly when treatment is started or restarted. Alcohol also worsens...
- Alcohol × TerbinafineSeriousTerbinafine is associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity, including cholestatic hepatitis and rare cases of liver failure...
- Alcohol × TizanidineSeriousAlcohol can add to tizanidine's sedation, dizziness, low blood pressure, and fainting risk. A published case report describes...
- Alcohol × TrazodoneSeriousTrazodone produces strong sedation through histamine H1 and 5-HT2A blockade. Alcohol is a CNS depressant. Combined use produces...
- Alcohol × Valproic AcidSeriousAlcohol can add to valproic acid's dizziness, sleepiness, and impaired coordination, and it may increase concern for liver...
- Alcohol × Vitamin B1SeriousChronic alcohol intake depletes thiamine (B1) and impairs its absorption and activation, raising the risk of Wernicke...
- Alendronate × CalciumSeriousCalcium chelates alendronate and dramatically reduces its already-low bioavailability (0.6-0.7%). Taking calcium within 30...
- Alendronate × IronSeriousIron chelates alendronate in the GI tract, substantially reducing the already-poor oral absorption of this bisphosphonate. Given...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × GlimepirideSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and lowers fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes meta-analyses. It has also been...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × GlipizideSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid (ALA) improves insulin sensitivity and lowers fasting glucose and HbA1c in meta-analyses of diabetic patients....
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × GlyburideSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and has been reported to trigger insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata syndrome)...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Insulin AspartSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin-mediated glucose disposal and has rare reports of insulin autoimmune syndrome with severe...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Insulin LisproSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin-mediated glucose disposal and has rare reports of insulin autoimmune syndrome with severe...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × PramlintideSeriousAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin-mediated glucose disposal and has rare reports of insulin autoimmune syndrome with severe...
- Alprazolam × PassionflowerSeriousPassionflower has measurable anxiolytic and GABA-related CNS activity. Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine sedative, so the...
- Alprazolam × Valerian RootSeriousValerian root has GABAergic sedative properties that can potentiate alprazolam's CNS depressant effects. The combination may...
- Aluminum/Magnesium Hydroxide × CiprofloxacinSeriousAluminum and magnesium in antacids form insoluble chelate complexes with ciprofloxacin in the gut, dramatically reducing...
- Aluminum/Magnesium Hydroxide × DoxycyclineSeriousAluminum and magnesium in antacids chelate doxycycline in the gut, dramatically reducing its absorption. Bioavailability...
- Aluminum/Magnesium Hydroxide × LevofloxacinSeriousAluminum and magnesium in antacids form insoluble chelate complexes with levofloxacin in the gut, reducing antibiotic absorption...
- Amiodarone × DigoxinSeriousAmiodarone increases digoxin levels by 70-100% through inhibition of P-glycoprotein and reduction of renal and non-renal...
- Amiodarone × EscitalopramSeriousBoth amiodarone and escitalopram can prolong the QT interval. Combined use increases the risk of dangerous cardiac arrhythmias,...
- Amiodarone × IodineSeriousAmiodarone contains a large iodine load and is strongly associated with thyroid dysfunction. Extra iodine from supplements can...
- Amiodarone × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousAmiodarone can prolong cardiac repolarization, and low magnesium makes torsades de pointes more likely. Maintaining normal...
- Amiodarone × PotassiumSeriousAmiodarone can prolong the QT interval and rarely trigger torsades de pointes. Low potassium greatly increases that risk because...
- Amiodarone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, which is a major metabolic pathway for amiodarone. This can significantly reduce amiodarone...
- Amitriptyline × SertralineSeriousCombining an SSRI with a tricyclic antidepressant increases the risk of serotonin syndrome and may elevate TCA blood levels due...
- Amitriptyline × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can substantially lower amitriptyline and nortriptyline exposure, which may cause loss of antidepressant,...
- Amlodipine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 via pregnane X receptor (PXR) activation. Amlodipine is primarily metabolized by...
- Apixaban × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and platelet aggregation. Case reports document spontaneous bleeding...
- Apixaban × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort potently induces CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, both of which are major pathways for apixaban metabolism and...
- Aripiprazole × Cannabis (THC-Dominant)SeriousTHC-dominant cannabis can work against the treatment goals of aripiprazole in psychosis or bipolar disorder. Continued cannabis...
- Aripiprazole × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, both of which metabolize aripiprazole. This can reduce aripiprazole levels by 50% or...
- Artemisinin × CYP3A4 Substrate MedicationsSeriousArtemisinin irreversibly inhibits CYP3A4 (~70%) and CYP2B6. CYP3A4 metabolizes ~50% of all prescription drugs.
- Ashwagandha × KavaSeriousBoth can cause sedation, and both have rare liver-injury concerns in case reports.
- Ashwagandha × LiothyronineSeriousAshwagandha may increase thyroid hormone activity or trigger thyrotoxicosis in susceptible people. Liothyronine is active T3 and...
- Ashwagandha × MethimazoleSeriousAshwagandha may increase thyroid hormone levels or trigger thyrotoxicosis in susceptible people. That can oppose the purpose of...
- Ashwagandha × TapentadolSeriousAshwagandha may be sedating and can compound opioid-related drowsiness and psychomotor impairment.
- Aspirin × NattokinaseSeriousDocumented cerebellar hemorrhage from nattokinase + aspirin after only 7 days. Both inhibit platelet aggregation via thromboxane...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba's potent antiplatelet activity (PAF antagonism) combined with aspirin's COX-1 inhibition creates significant...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × WarfarinSeriousConcurrent anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy significantly increases bleeding risk. While sometimes used intentionally...
- Atomoxetine × CocaineSeriousAtomoxetine and cocaine both increase noradrenergic cardiovascular stress. A monitored inpatient study in cocaine-experienced...
- Atorvastatin × ClarithromycinSeriousClarithromycin inhibits CYP3A4, increasing atorvastatin levels. While less dramatic than simvastatin interaction (atorvastatin...
- Atorvastatin × Grapefruit JuiceSeriousGrapefruit juice inhibits intestinal CYP3A4 and can increase atorvastatin exposure, raising muscle-toxicity risk especially with...
- Atorvastatin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a potent CYP3A4 inducer that significantly increases atorvastatin metabolism, reducing its plasma levels and...
- Atorvastatin × Tribulus TerrestrisSeriousA case report described rhabdomyolysis after Tribulus terrestris was started in a patient taking long-term atorvastatin....
- Azathioprine × ProbioticsSeriousLive probiotics rarely cause bacteremia or fungemia in severely immunosuppressed patients.
- BCAAs × Levodopa/CarbidopaSeriousBCAA supplements can reduce or delay levodopa's benefit because branched-chain amino acids compete with levodopa for the same...
- Bee Pollen × WarfarinSeriousBee pollen has case-report evidence of potentiating warfarin. A stable warfarin patient developed an INR of 7.1 about one month...
- Benazepril × Lithium OrotateSeriousBenazepril is an ACE inhibitor that reduces sodium reabsorption and lowers glomerular filtration. This causes the kidney to...
- Benazepril × PotassiumSeriousBenazepril blocks angiotensin II formation, which lowers aldosterone and reduces renal potassium excretion. Adding a potassium...
- Berberine × CyclosporineSeriousBerberine may affect P-glycoprotein and CYP3A pathways and could alter cyclosporine levels.
- Berberine × DigoxinSeriousBerberine may increase oral digoxin exposure by inhibiting intestinal P-glycoprotein. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, so...
- Berberine × GlipizideSeriousBoth glipizide and berberine lower blood glucose. Glipizide stimulates insulin secretion; berberine activates AMPK. Combined use...
- Berberine × GlyburideSeriousGlyburide is a potent sulfonylurea with high hypoglycemia risk. Adding berberine's AMPK-mediated glucose lowering significantly...
- Berberine × Insulin AspartSeriousBerberine can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin aspart is...
- Berberine × Insulin GlargineSeriousBerberine can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin glargine...
- Berberine × Insulin LisproSeriousBerberine can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin lispro is...
- Berberine × MetforminSeriousBoth metformin and berberine lower blood glucose through overlapping mechanisms including AMPK activation. Combined use creates...
- Berberine × PramlintideSeriousBerberine can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Pramlintide is used with...
- Berberine × TacrolimusSeriousBerberine may alter CYP3A or P-glycoprotein activity and make tacrolimus concentrations unpredictable.
- Berberine × TirzepatideSeriousBoth tirzepatide and berberine can lower blood glucose through complementary mechanisms, creating a clinically important...
- Berberine × VerapamilSeriousVerapamil is both a CYP3A4 substrate and a potent P-glycoprotein inhibitor, and berberine inhibits both CYP3A4 and P-gp....
- Berberine HCl × DigoxinSeriousBerberine inhibits P-glycoprotein, increasing digoxin bioavailability. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index.
- Berberine HCl × GlimepirideSeriousBerberine HCl can lower fasting glucose, post-meal glucose, and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. Glimepiride forces pancreatic insulin...
- Berberine HCl × GlipizideSeriousBerberine HCl lowers blood glucose independently of sulfonylurea therapy. Glipizide can cause hypoglycemia by increasing insulin...
- Berberine HCl × GlyburideSeriousBerberine HCl has clinically measurable glucose-lowering activity. Glyburide is a sulfonylurea with a relatively high...
- Berberine HCl × Insulin AspartSeriousBerberine HCl can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin...
- Berberine HCl × Insulin GlargineSeriousBerberine HCl can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin...
- Berberine HCl × Insulin LisproSeriousBerberine HCl can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Because insulin...
- Berberine HCl × PramlintideSeriousBerberine HCl can lower glucose through AMPK-linked metabolic effects and may improve insulin sensitivity. Pramlintide is used...
- Berberine HCl × WarfarinSeriousBerberine displaces warfarin from plasma protein binding sites and inhibits CYP2C9 (warfarin metabolism enzyme). May alter INR...
- Biotin × LevothyroxineSeriousBiotin (vitamin B7) does not pharmacologically interact with levothyroxine, but it causes clinically dangerous interference with...
- Black Seed Oil × WarfarinSeriousThymoquinone, the main bioactive in black seed oil (Nigella sativa), is a competitive inhibitor of CYP2C9-mediated warfarin...
- Boswellia × WarfarinSeriousBoswellia serrata extracts inhibit CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19, the isoenzymes responsible for warfarin metabolism. Spontaneous...
- Bromelain × WarfarinSeriousBromelain, a proteolytic enzyme from pineapple stem, inhibits platelet aggregation and has been shown to reduce thrombin-, ADP-,...
- Bupropion × St. John's WortSeriousBoth bupropion and St. John's Wort lower the seizure threshold, and combining them may significantly increase seizure risk....
- Buspirone × L-TryptophanSeriousL-Tryptophan is the dietary amino acid precursor for brain serotonin synthesis. Buspirone has serotonergic 5-HT1A activity, so...
- Buspirone × St. John's WortSeriousA published case report describes serotonin syndrome after combining buspirone with St. John's Wort. St. John's Wort also has...
- Calcitriol × CalciumSeriousCalcium supplements can combine with calcitriol to cause hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, kidney stones, or soft tissue...
- Calcitriol × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium supplements can contribute to hypermagnesemia in advanced kidney disease, and calcitriol is often used in...
- Calcium × CiprofloxacinSeriousCalcium chelates ciprofloxacin in the GI tract, forming insoluble calcium-quinolone complexes that can reduce ciprofloxacin...
- Calcium × DigoxinSeriousLarge or repeated calcium supplement doses can cause hypercalcemia in susceptible people, particularly with kidney disease,...
- Calcium × DoxycyclineSeriousCalcium chelates doxycycline, forming insoluble tetracycline-calcium complexes that significantly reduce antibiotic absorption....
- Calcium × IbandronateSeriousCalcium taken near oral ibandronate can markedly reduce absorption and treatment efficacy.
- Calcium × IronSeriousCalcium significantly inhibits both heme and non-heme iron absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Iron BisglycinateSeriousCalcium significantly inhibits both heme and non-heme iron bisglycinate absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × LevofloxacinSeriousCalcium binds levofloxacin in the gut and reduces its absorption by 30 to 50 percent. This applies to calcium supplements,...
- Calcium × LevothyroxineSeriousCalcium supplements significantly reduce levothyroxine absorption by 20-25% through chelation in the gastrointestinal tract....
- Calcium × MinocyclineSeriousCalcium can reduce oral Minocycline absorption when taken together.
- Calcium × MoxifloxacinSeriousCalcium can reduce oral Moxifloxacin absorption when taken together.
- Calcium × RisedronateSeriousRisedronate forms insoluble chelates with calcium in the gut, which can drop its already low oral bioavailability (~1%) to near...
- Calcium × TetracyclineSeriousCalcium can reduce oral Tetracycline absorption when taken together.
- Calcium × Zoledronic AcidSeriousZoledronic acid rapidly suppresses bone resorption and can drive serum calcium down within days of infusion, especially in...
- Calcium Carbonate × CiprofloxacinSeriousCalcium carbonate, whether taken as an antacid or calcium supplement, binds ciprofloxacin in the gut and reduces its absorption...
- Calcium Carbonate × DoxycyclineSeriousCalcium carbonate, taken as either an antacid or calcium supplement, chelates doxycycline in the gut and reduces its absorption...
- Calcium Carbonate × LevofloxacinSeriousCalcium carbonate binds levofloxacin in the gut and reduces its absorption substantially. This applies whether calcium carbonate...
- Candesartan × PotassiumSeriousCandesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, raises serum potassium by reducing aldosterone-driven renal potassium...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × HydrocodoneSeriousDirect hydrocodone-THC clinical studies are limited, but hydrocodone shares the opioid respiratory-depression and sedation...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × OlanzapineSeriousTHC-dominant cannabis can undermine olanzapine treatment by increasing relapse risk and worsening psychosis outcomes. Systematic...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × OxycodoneSeriousControlled human studies show that THC-dominant cannabis can interact meaningfully with oxycodone. One respiratory study found...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × QuetiapineSeriousTHC-dominant cannabis can conflict with quetiapine's use for psychosis or bipolar mood stabilization. Continued cannabis use...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × RisperidoneSeriousTHC-dominant cannabis can interfere with risperidone's relapse-prevention role in psychosis. Continued cannabis use in people...
- Captopril × PotassiumSeriousCaptopril, like other ACE inhibitors, reduces aldosterone secretion and promotes renal potassium retention, raising serum...
- Carbamazepine × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba has case reports of precipitating seizures in people with previously controlled epilepsy. That directly conflicts...
- Carbamazepine × St. John's WortSeriousBoth carbamazepine and St. John's Wort are potent CYP3A4 inducers. Combining them creates unpredictable effects on drug...
- Cat's Claw × HIV Protease InhibitorsSeriousCat's claw inhibits CYP3A4 more potently than ketoconazole in vitro. Documented interactions with atazanavir, ritonavir,...
- Cefdinir × IronSeriousIron can reduce oral Cefdinir absorption when taken together.
- Cefdinir × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium Glycinate can reduce oral Cefdinir absorption when taken together.
- Celecoxib × NattokinaseSeriousNattokinase may add fibrinolytic effects to celecoxib-related bleeding risk, especially when celecoxib is used with aspirin or...
- Celecoxib × PotassiumSeriousCelecoxib can still affect kidney prostaglandins and potassium balance despite its COX-2 selectivity. Potassium supplements...
- Chlorella × WarfarinSeriousChlorella is high in vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect. Case report: thrombotest values exceeded...
- Cholestyramine × Vitamin K1SeriousCholestyramine can reduce vitamin K absorption and may increase bleeding risk or alter INR.
- Chondroitin × WarfarinSeriousChondroitin is structurally a heparan-like sulfated glycosaminoglycan and is commonly taken with glucosamine for joint pain....
- Chromium × GlyburideSeriousChromium and glyburide both lower blood glucose by different mechanisms. Glyburide is the longest-acting sulfonylurea on the US...
- Chromium × Insulin AspartSeriousChromium may modestly improve insulin sensitivity in some people with diabetes or insulin resistance. Because insulin aspart is...
- Chromium × Insulin LisproSeriousChromium may modestly improve insulin sensitivity in some people with diabetes or insulin resistance. Because insulin lispro is...
- Chromium × PramlintideSeriousChromium may modestly improve insulin sensitivity in some people with diabetes or insulin resistance. Pramlintide is used with...
- Ciprofloxacin × IronSeriousIron strongly chelates ciprofloxacin, forming insoluble iron-quinolone complexes that dramatically reduce ciprofloxacin...
- Ciprofloxacin × Iron BisglycinateSeriousIron, including chelated forms like iron bisglycinate, binds ciprofloxacin in the gastrointestinal tract and forms insoluble...
- Ciprofloxacin × Magnesium CitrateSeriousMagnesium citrate, like other magnesium salts, chelates ciprofloxacin in the gut and reduces its absorption. Single-dose studies...
- Ciprofloxacin × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium chelates ciprofloxacin, forming insoluble complexes that substantially reduce antibiotic absorption....
- Ciprofloxacin × Magnesium L-ThreonateSeriousAll forms of supplemental magnesium, including magnesium L-threonate used for cognitive support, chelate ciprofloxacin in the...
- Ciprofloxacin × Magnesium MalateSeriousMagnesium malate, like other magnesium salts, releases Mg2+ in the gut that chelates ciprofloxacin and reduces its absorption....
- Ciprofloxacin × Magnesium TaurateSeriousMagnesium taurate dissociates in the gut to release free Mg2+, which chelates ciprofloxacin and dramatically reduces its...
- Ciprofloxacin × ManganeseSeriousManganese can form chelate complexes with fluoroquinolone antibiotics. An in vitro study using a manganese-containing...
- Ciprofloxacin × ZincSeriousZinc chelates ciprofloxacin in the GI tract, reducing absorption and potentially causing treatment failure. Zinc-containing...
- Ciprofloxacin × Zinc CarnosineSeriousZinc carnosine releases Zn2+ in the gut that chelates ciprofloxacin and reduces its absorption. The bioavailability reduction is...
- Ciprofloxacin × Zinc PicolinateSeriousZinc, including chelated forms like zinc picolinate, binds ciprofloxacin in the gut and reduces its absorption by approximately...
- Citalopram × MelatoninSeriousSevere sedation has been reported after melatonin was added to a regimen that included citalopram, with the authors judging a...
- Citalopram × SAMeSeriousSAMe has independent serotonergic and antidepressant activity. Combined with citalopram, the additive serotonergic effect raises...
- Clarithromycin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4, the primary enzyme that metabolizes clarithromycin. Co-administration...
- Clomipramine × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo has case reports of seizures and may increase bleeding tendency. Clomipramine can lower seizure threshold and may...
- Clonazepam × PassionflowerSeriousPassionflower can have calming CNS effects and GABA-related activity. Clonazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine, so additive...
- Clonazepam × Valerian RootSeriousBoth clonazepam and valerian act on GABA-A receptors. Combined use causes additive CNS depression, excessive sedation, and...
- Clopidogrel × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba has significant antiplatelet activity (PAF antagonism) that adds to clopidogrel's platelet inhibition,...
- Clopidogrel × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4 and CYP2C19, which are the key enzymes responsible for converting clopidogrel from its inactive...
- Clopidogrel × WarfarinSeriousTriple therapy (warfarin + clopidogrel + aspirin) or dual therapy (warfarin + clopidogrel) substantially increases major...
- Clozapine × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo has seizure case reports, and clozapine has a dose-related seizure boxed warning.
- Clozapine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters and may lower exposure to some antipsychotics or destabilize...
- Cocaine × NicotineSeriousUsing cocaine and nicotine together compounds sympathetic stimulation, raising heart rate, blood pressure, and coronary...
- Copper × Elderberry Zinc LozengesSeriousChronic high-dose elderberry zinc lozenges supplementation (>40mg/day) can induce copper deficiency by upregulating...
- Copper × ZincSeriousChronic high-dose zinc supplementation (>40mg/day) can induce copper deficiency by upregulating metallothionein, which binds...
- Copper × Zinc CarnosineSeriousChronic high-dose zinc carnosine supplementation (>40mg/day) can induce copper deficiency by upregulating metallothionein, which...
- Copper × Zinc PicolinateSeriousChronic high-dose zinc picolinate supplementation (>40mg/day) can induce copper deficiency by upregulating metallothionein,...
- Crocin (Saffron Extract) × St. John's WortSeriousBoth saffron and St. John's Wort have serotonergic activity. Combining them may additively increase serotonergic tone and, in...
- Cyclosporine × PotassiumSeriousCyclosporine can cause hyperkalemia; potassium supplements or salt substitutes can make it dangerous.
- Cyclosporine × QuercetinSeriousQuercetin may inhibit CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein and could increase cyclosporine exposure and nephrotoxicity.
- Dabigatran × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and platelet aggregation. Added to dabigatran's direct thrombin inhibition,...
- Dabigatran × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's wort is a potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inducer. Because dabigatran etexilate's oral absorption depends on P-gp,...
- Dapsone × Vitamin CSeriousDapsone can cause methemoglobinemia and hemolysis through oxidative metabolites. High-dose vitamin C has reducing and...
- Dexamethasone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4, and dexamethasone exposure is strongly affected by CYP3A4 activity. Taking St. John's Wort...
- Diazepam × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4 and CYP2C19, both of which metabolize diazepam. This can reduce diazepam levels, causing...
- Diazepam × Valerian RootSeriousBoth diazepam and valerian enhance GABA-A receptor activity. Combined use creates additive CNS depression and excessive sedation.
- Diclofenac × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba may increase bleeding risk with diclofenac. Ginkgo has reported spontaneous bleeding cases, and diclofenac can...
- Diclofenac × NattokinaseSeriousNattokinase may compound diclofenac-related bleeding risk through fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects. Diclofenac can cause...
- Diclofenac × PotassiumSeriousDiclofenac can impair kidney potassium excretion, and potassium supplements can make hyperkalemia more likely. Risk is higher...
- Dicyclomine × PotassiumSeriousAnticholinergic slowing of gastrointestinal transit may increase irritation risk from solid oral potassium products.
- Digoxin × PotassiumSeriousHypokalemia dramatically increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, including life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Conversely,...
- Digoxin × Psyllium HuskSeriousPsyllium husk is a bulk-forming fiber similar to ispaghula, which has reduced digoxin bioavailability in human studies. Taking...
- Digoxin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort significantly reduces digoxin levels through potent P-glycoprotein induction. A landmark study showed that St....
- Digoxin × Vitamin D3SeriousHigh-dose vitamin D3 can cause hypercalcemia, and hypercalcemia can make digoxin-related rhythm problems more likely. This is...
- Diltiazem × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, reducing diltiazem plasma levels significantly. This can lead to uncontrolled hypertension or...
- DIM × TamoxifenSeriousDIM decreases endoxifen (tamoxifen's active metabolite) levels through CYP enzyme induction, potentially reducing tamoxifen's...
- Dofetilide × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousDofetilide can cause torsades de pointes, and low magnesium is a recognized risk factor. Maintaining normal magnesium helps...
- Dofetilide × PotassiumSeriousDofetilide prolongs the QT interval and can cause torsades de pointes, particularly when potassium is low. Maintaining normal...
- Dong Quai × Garlic ExtractSeriousGarlic extract may add to dong quai bleeding risk.
- Dong Quai × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousBoth may increase bleeding tendency.
- Doxepin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can add serotonergic effects and alter metabolism of many drugs.
- Doxycycline × IronSeriousIron forms chelation complexes with doxycycline that significantly impair antibiotic absorption. Studies show iron can reduce...
- Doxycycline × Iron BisglycinateSeriousIron bisglycinate, although marketed as a gentler chelated form, still releases iron in the gut that binds doxycycline and...
- Doxycycline × Magnesium CitrateSeriousMagnesium citrate releases Mg2+ that chelates doxycycline in the gut and reduces antibiotic absorption. The interaction applies...
- Doxycycline × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium chelates doxycycline, reducing its absorption and potentially compromising treatment efficacy. Magnesium-containing...
- Doxycycline × Vitamin ASeriousDoxycycline and high-dose vitamin A are both associated with intracranial hypertension, also called pseudotumor cerebri....
- Doxycycline × Zinc CarnosineSeriousZinc carnosine releases Zn2+ in the gut that binds doxycycline and reduces its absorption through chelation. The reduction is...
- Doxycycline × Zinc PicolinateSeriousZinc binds doxycycline in the gut and forms insoluble chelate complexes that reduce antibiotic absorption. The interaction...
- Duloxetine × SAMeSeriousSAMe has antidepressant and monoamine-modulating activity. Duloxetine increases serotonin and norepinephrine signaling, so...
- Enalapril × Lithium OrotateSeriousEnalapril reduces sodium reabsorption and lowers glomerular filtration, which causes the kidney to retain lithium and pushes...
- Enalapril × PotassiumSeriousEnalapril reduces aldosterone, decreasing potassium excretion. Potassium supplements significantly increase hyperkalemia risk.
- Enoxaparin × Ginkgo BilobaSeriousGinkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and platelet aggregation, and case reports link it to spontaneous bleeding....
- Enoxaparin × PotassiumSeriousEnoxaparin and other heparins suppress adrenal aldosterone production, reducing renal potassium excretion and raising serum...
- Erythromycin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 and intestinal P-glycoprotein. Erythromycin is metabolized by CYP3A4 and is a P-gp...
- Escitalopram × L-TryptophanSeriousL-Tryptophan increases serotonin synthesis as its biosynthetic precursor. Combined with escitalopram's selective serotonin...
- Escitalopram × SAMeSeriousSAMe has serotonergic properties that may potentiate escitalopram's effects. While some psychiatrists use SAMe augmentation in...
- Esomeprazole × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousLong-term esomeprazole use can cause hypomagnesemia, sometimes severe enough to trigger tetany, seizures, or arrhythmia. The FDA...
- Estradiol × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, which metabolizes estradiol. This can reduce estradiol levels by 20-40%, potentially causing...
- Felodipine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4, the primary enzyme that metabolizes felodipine, which...
- Fenugreek × GlimepirideSeriousFenugreek extracts lower fasting glucose and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes meta-analyses. Glimepiride forces pancreatic insulin...
- Fenugreek × GlipizideSeriousFenugreek extracts lower fasting glucose and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes meta-analyses. Stacked on glipizide, which already forces...
- Fenugreek × GlyburideSeriousFenugreek extracts lower fasting glucose and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes meta-analyses. Glyburide is the longest-acting US...
- Fenugreek × Insulin AspartSeriousFenugreek seed fiber and constituents may lower fasting or post-meal glucose in diabetes studies. Because insulin aspart is...
- Fenugreek × Insulin GlargineSeriousFenugreek seed fiber and constituents may lower fasting or post-meal glucose in diabetes studies. Because insulin glargine...
- Fenugreek × Insulin LisproSeriousFenugreek seed fiber and constituents may lower fasting or post-meal glucose in diabetes studies. Because insulin lispro is...
- Fenugreek × PramlintideSeriousFenugreek seed fiber and constituents may lower fasting or post-meal glucose in diabetes studies. Pramlintide is used with...
- Fenugreek × WarfarinSeriousFenugreek aqueous extract inhibits coagulation in vitro and significantly prolongs prothrombin time. A well-documented case...
- Flecainide × PotassiumSeriousFlecainide has a narrow cardiac safety margin and can cause serious proarrhythmia in susceptible patients. Low potassium is a...
- Fluconazole × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a strong inducer of CYP3A4 (via PXR activation by hyperforin) and P-glycoprotein. Because fluconazole is...
- Fluoxetine × L-TryptophanSeriousL-Tryptophan supplementation increases serotonin synthesis, and combined with fluoxetine's potent, long-lasting serotonin...
- Fluoxetine × SAMeSeriousSAMe increases serotonergic activity through multiple mechanisms. Combined with fluoxetine's potent and long-lasting SERT...
- Fluvoxamine × MelatoninSeriousFluvoxamine is a potent CYP1A2 inhibitor, and melatonin is metabolized almost entirely by CYP1A2. Coadministration raises...
- Fluvoxamine × SAMeSeriousSAMe has independent serotonergic and antidepressant activity. Combined with fluvoxamine, the additive serotonergic load raises...
- Furosemide × LithiumSeriousLoop diuretics can increase lithium levels through volume depletion, though the effect is generally less predictable than with...
- Furosemide × PotassiumSeriousFurosemide is a potent loop diuretic that can cause clinically important potassium wasting. Severe hypokalemia can be...
- Ginger Extract × WarfarinSeriousGinger extract inhibits platelet aggregation via thromboxane synthase suppression and may potentiate warfarin. Case reports...
- Ginkgo Biloba × NaproxenSeriousGinkgo biloba may increase bleeding risk when combined with naproxen. Ginkgo has case reports of spontaneous bleeding, while...
- Ginkgo Biloba × PrasugrelSeriousGinkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and platelet aggregation. Added to prasugrel's potent irreversible P2Y12...
- Ginkgo Biloba × RivaroxabanSeriousGinkgo biloba is a potent platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist and has been linked in case reports to spontaneous...
- Ginkgo Biloba × TicagrelorSeriousGinkgo biloba inhibits platelet-activating factor and platelet aggregation. Added to ticagrelor's reversible P2Y12 inhibition,...
- Ginkgo Biloba × VinpocetineSeriousBoth may affect bleeding risk and both can cause dizziness or headache.
- Ginkgo Biloba × WarfarinSeriousGinkgo biloba has significant antiplatelet activity that increases bleeding risk when combined with warfarin. Multiple case...
- Glimepiride × VanadiumSeriousVanadium salts have insulin-mimetic effects and have improved insulin sensitivity in small human diabetes studies. Glimepiride...
- Glipizide × VanadiumSeriousVanadium has insulin-like and insulin-sensitizing activity in PubMed-indexed human diabetes studies. Glipizide stimulates...
- Glyburide × Milk ThistleSeriousA 6-month RCT in 59 patients found that adding silymarin 200 mg three times daily to glyburide improved HbA1c and postprandial...
- Glyburide × QuercetinSeriousQuercetin inhibits CYP2C9 in human studies. Glyburide is metabolized by CYP2C9 (and CYP3A4) and is the longest-acting US...
- Glyburide × VanadiumSeriousVanadium has insulin-like effects and has improved glucose metabolism in small human studies. Glyburide is a longer-acting...
- Grape Seed Extract × WarfarinSeriousGrape seed extract contains procyanidins that inhibit platelet aggregation and prolong APTT and PT in vitro. A case report...
- Green Tea Extract × Red Yeast RiceSeriousConcentrated green tea extract can raise liver-injury risk, which may compound red yeast rice hepatotoxicity concerns.
- Green Tea Extract × TheophyllineSeriousCaffeinated green tea extract can add to methylxanthine stimulation and may worsen tremor, insomnia, tachycardia, nausea, and...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × LithiumSeriousThiazide diuretics reduce lithium clearance by 25-40%, significantly increasing the risk of lithium toxicity. This is one of the...
- Hydrocodone × Valerian RootSeriousHydrocodone can cause sedation and respiratory depression, and valerian root may add CNS-depressant effects through GABAergic...
- Hydroxychloroquine × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousHydroxychloroquine can prolong QTc, and low magnesium makes torsades de pointes more likely when QT risk factors stack....
- Hydroxychloroquine × PotassiumSeriousHydroxychloroquine can prolong the QT interval, especially when other risk factors are present. Low potassium is a major...
- Ibandronate × IronSeriousIron supplements can chelate ibandronate and reduce absorption.
- Ibandronate × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium can bind oral ibandronate and reduce its already very low bioavailability.
- Ibuprofen × MethotrexateSeriousNSAIDs reduce renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially leading to toxic methotrexate accumulation. This can cause severe...
- Ibuprofen × NattokinaseSeriousNattokinase has fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects that may add to ibuprofen-related bleeding risk. Ibuprofen can irritate...
- Ibuprofen × PotassiumSeriousIbuprofen can reduce kidney potassium excretion, and potassium supplements can push serum potassium higher. This is most...
- Ibuprofen × WarfarinSeriousNSAIDs increase bleeding risk with warfarin through dual mechanisms: antiplatelet effects and GI mucosal damage. Ibuprofen also...
- Insulin Aspart × VanadiumSeriousVanadium salts have insulin-mimetic activity and small human studies show glucose-lowering or insulin-sensitizing effects....
- Insulin Glargine × VanadiumSeriousVanadium salts have insulin-mimetic activity and small human studies show glucose-lowering or insulin-sensitizing effects....
- Insulin Lispro × VanadiumSeriousVanadium salts have insulin-mimetic activity and small human studies show glucose-lowering or insulin-sensitizing effects....
- Iodine × MethimazoleSeriousIodine intake can change how Graves' disease responds to methimazole. High or unstable iodine exposure can alter thyroid hormone...
- Irbesartan × Lithium OrotateSeriousIrbesartan blocks the AT1 receptor, reduces sodium reabsorption, and increases lithium retention by the kidney. Multiple...
- Irbesartan × PotassiumSeriousIrbesartan blocks the angiotensin II type 1 receptor, suppressing aldosterone and reducing renal potassium excretion. Combining...
- Iron × Levodopa/CarbidopaSeriousIron chelates levodopa in the GI tract, forming insoluble complexes that significantly reduce levodopa absorption. This can...
- Iron × LevofloxacinSeriousIron supplements bind levofloxacin in the gut, forming insoluble chelate complexes that dramatically reduce antibiotic...
- Iron × LevothyroxineSeriousIron supplements form an insoluble complex with levothyroxine in the GI tract, reducing thyroid hormone absorption by up to 75%...
- Iron × MinocyclineSeriousIron can reduce oral Minocycline absorption when taken together.
- Iron × MoxifloxacinSeriousIron can reduce oral Moxifloxacin absorption when taken together.
- Iron × RisedronateSeriousIron (Fe2+/Fe3+) forms tight, non-absorbable complexes with risedronate's phosphonate groups in the gut, blocking its already...
- Iron × TetracyclineSeriousIron can reduce oral Tetracycline absorption when taken together.
- Iron Bisglycinate × LevofloxacinSeriousIron bisglycinate, despite being a chelated and gentler form, still releases iron available for fluoroquinolone chelation in the...
- Iron Bisglycinate × LevothyroxineSeriousIron bisglycinate contains elemental iron and should be handled like other oral iron supplements around levothyroxine. Iron can...
- Isosorbide Mononitrate × NACSeriousNAC may potentiate organic nitrate effects, increasing the chance of dizziness, severe headache, flushing, or symptomatic...
- Ivabradine × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousIvabradine can cause clinically important bradycardia, and torsades de pointes has been reported when interacting QT-risk drugs...
- Ivabradine × PotassiumSeriousIvabradine lowers heart rate and has rare reports of torsades de pointes when other risk factors are present. Low potassium...
- Ivabradine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, and systematic reviews identify ivabradine as a drug whose exposure can be...
- Kava × MelatoninSeriousBoth can impair alertness; kava also carries liver safety concerns.
- L-Carnitine × Valproic AcidSeriousL-carnitine is used clinically to address valproic acid-associated carnitine depletion, hyperammonemia, and toxicity risk....
- L-Tryptophan × SertralineSeriousL-Tryptophan is the dietary amino acid precursor to serotonin. Supplemental tryptophan increases serotonin synthesis, and...
- L-Tryptophan × TramadolSeriousTramadol has serotonergic activity in addition to its opioid effect, and L-Tryptophan is a serotonin precursor. Combining them...
- Lamotrigine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce UGT glucuronidation enzymes responsible for lamotrigine metabolism, potentially reducing lamotrigine...
- Lamotrigine × Valproic AcidSeriousValproic acid inhibits the glucuronidation of lamotrigine, approximately doubling lamotrigine levels. This increases the risk of...
- Lansoprazole × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousLansoprazole, like other PPIs, can cause hypomagnesemia after months to years of use. Case reports and meta-analyses confirm...
- Levodopa/Carbidopa × Vitamin B6SeriousVitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a cofactor for DOPA decarboxylase, which converts levodopa to dopamine peripherally before it reaches...
- Levofloxacin × Magnesium GlycinateSeriousMagnesium glycinate chelates levofloxacin in the gut, dramatically reducing antibiotic absorption. The bioavailability decrease...
- Levofloxacin × ManganeseSeriousLevofloxacin can chelate with multivalent cations. PubMed-indexed in vitro work found complex formation between levofloxacin and...
- Levofloxacin × ZincSeriousZinc supplements bind levofloxacin in the gut and reduce its absorption by approximately 20 to 50 percent. Reduced antibiotic...
- Levofloxacin × Zinc PicolinateSeriousZinc picolinate can bind fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the gut and reduce absorption. Levofloxacin exposure can fall when taken...
- Levothyroxine × Vitamin B7SeriousHigh-dose biotin (>5mg/day) interferes with streptavidin-biotin immunoassays used to measure TSH and free T4. This creates...
- Liothyronine × Vitamin B7SeriousVitamin B7, also called biotin, does not directly change liothyronine levels, but it can distort thyroid lab tests used to...
- Lisinopril × LithiumSeriousACE inhibitors reduce renal lithium clearance, potentially increasing lithium levels by 25-40% and causing lithium toxicity....
- Lisinopril × PotassiumSeriousACE inhibitors like lisinopril reduce aldosterone secretion, which decreases renal potassium excretion and raises serum...
- Lisinopril × SpironolactoneSeriousBoth ACE inhibitors and spironolactone increase serum potassium through different mechanisms. Combined use significantly...
- Lithium Orotate × LosartanSeriousLosartan blocks the AT1 receptor and reduces sodium reabsorption, which causes the kidney to retain lithium. A published case...
- Lithium Orotate × OlmesartanSeriousOlmesartan blocks the AT1 receptor, reduces sodium reabsorption, and increases lithium retention by the kidney. Multiple case...
- Lithium Orotate × RamiprilSeriousRamipril reduces sodium reabsorption and lowers glomerular filtration, which causes the kidney to retain lithium. Case reports...
- Lithium Orotate × Sacubitril/ValsartanSeriousThe valsartan component blocks AT1 receptors, reduces sodium reabsorption, and increases lithium retention by the kidney. A...
- Lithium Orotate × ValsartanSeriousValsartan reduces sodium reabsorption through AT1 receptor blockade and lowers glomerular filtration, which causes the kidney to...
- Lorazepam × PassionflowerSeriousPassionflower has anxiolytic and GABA-related activity that may stack with lorazepam's benzodiazepine effect. The result can be...
- Lorazepam × Valerian RootSeriousValerian root enhances GABAergic activity, which adds to lorazepam's CNS depressant effects. This combination can lead to...
- Losartan × PotassiumSeriousLosartan blocks angiotensin II type 1 receptors, reducing aldosterone secretion and thereby decreasing renal potassium...
- Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide × PotassiumSeriousPotassium supplements can cause hyperkalemia from losartan even though hydrochlorothiazide can lower potassium in some patients.
- Lovastatin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, which may lower exposure to CYP3A4-metabolized statins. Human data show a...
- Magnesium Glycinate × MinocyclineSeriousMagnesium Glycinate can reduce oral Minocycline absorption when taken together.
- Magnesium Glycinate × MoxifloxacinSeriousMagnesium Glycinate can reduce oral Moxifloxacin absorption when taken together.
- Magnesium Glycinate × OndansetronSeriousOndansetron can prolong the QT interval and rare cases of torsades de pointes have been reported, especially with IV dosing or...
- Magnesium Glycinate × RanolazineSeriousRanolazine can prolong the QT interval, and torsades risk rises when magnesium is low. Maintaining normal magnesium helps...
- Magnesium Glycinate × RisedronateSeriousMagnesium is a divalent cation that chelates risedronate in the gut lumen and prevents it from being absorbed. Studies of...
- Magnesium Glycinate × SotalolSeriousSotalol prolongs the QT interval and can cause torsades de pointes, with the risk amplified by low magnesium. Magnesium...
- Magnesium Glycinate × TetracyclineSeriousMagnesium Glycinate can reduce oral Tetracycline absorption when taken together.
- MDMA × SAMeSeriousSAMe has serotonergic and mood-elevating activity that can add to MDMA's serotonin release, increasing the risk of serotonin...
- MDMA × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort both adds to serotonergic load and induces drug-metabolizing enzymes, so combined with MDMA it can raise...
- Melatonin × PhenobarbitalSeriousMelatonin can add to phenobarbital sedation and psychomotor impairment.
- Melatonin × TapentadolSeriousMelatonin can add to tapentadol-related sedation, dizziness, falls, and respiratory depression risk.
- Meloxicam × NattokinaseSeriousNattokinase may add fibrinolytic effects to meloxicam's NSAID bleeding risk. Meloxicam can still cause GI injury with daily use,...
- Meloxicam × PotassiumSeriousMeloxicam can reduce renal potassium excretion, and potassium supplements can raise potassium further. Risk is most clinically...
- Methimazole × Vitamin B7SeriousVitamin B7 can interfere with thyroid immunoassays used to monitor methimazole treatment. The pattern can mimic Graves' disease...
- Methotrexate × NaproxenSeriousNaproxen, like other NSAIDs, reduces renal clearance of methotrexate. The longer half-life of naproxen may pose even greater...
- Methotrexate × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP enzymes and P-glycoprotein that may affect methotrexate metabolism and transport. While methotrexate...
- Methotrexate (Cancer) × MethylfolateSeriousFolate can interfere with methotrexate's anticancer mechanism. Note: folate supplementation IS beneficial with low-dose MTX for...
- Methylprednisolone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort products high in hyperforin induce CYP3A, and methylprednisolone is a CYP3A-sensitive steroid. This may lower...
- Metoclopramide × St. John's WortSeriousMetoclopramide has rare reports of serotonin syndrome, especially when combined with serotonergic drugs. St. John's Wort has...
- Minocycline × ZincSeriousZinc can reduce oral Minocycline absorption when taken together.
- Moxifloxacin × ZincSeriousZinc can reduce oral Moxifloxacin absorption when taken together.
- Mycophenolate Mofetil × ProbioticsSeriousLive probiotics rarely cause invasive infection in severely immunosuppressed patients.
- NAC × NitroglycerinSeriousNAC can potentiate nitroglycerin-related vasodilation and headache. In people using nitrates for angina, this may increase the...
- Naproxen × NattokinaseSeriousNattokinase may add fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects to naproxen's GI bleeding risk. Naproxen is a higher-GI-risk NSAID,...
- Naproxen × PotassiumSeriousNaproxen can impair kidney potassium handling, and potassium supplements can add enough potassium to cause hyperkalemia in...
- Nifedipine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, which is the primary metabolic pathway for nifedipine. This can dramatically reduce nifedipine...
- Noopept × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can alter drug metabolism and has neuropsychiatric effects; noopept interaction data are lacking.
- Olanzapine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP1A2, the primary metabolic pathway for olanzapine. This can reduce olanzapine levels, causing...
- Olmesartan × PotassiumSeriousOlmesartan blocks the angiotensin II type 1 receptor, suppressing aldosterone and reducing renal potassium excretion. Adding a...
- Ondansetron × PotassiumSeriousOndansetron can prolong QT interval, and hypokalemia makes drug-induced torsades de pointes more likely. Vomiting and diarrhea...
- Oxybutynin × PotassiumSeriousSolid oral potassium chloride supplements can injure the upper gastrointestinal mucosa, and controlled endoscopy studies found...
- Oxycodone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A activity, and oxycodone exposure is clinically sensitive to CYP3A induction and inhibition....
- Paroxetine × SAMeSeriousSAMe has independent serotonergic and antidepressant activity. Combined with paroxetine, the additive serotonergic effect raises...
- Perindopril × PotassiumSeriousACE inhibitors such as perindopril reduce aldosterone secretion, decreasing renal potassium excretion. Adding supplemental...
- Phenelzine × Rhodiola RoseaSeriousRhodiola may have stimulant and monoaminergic effects, which are risky during nonselective MAO inhibition.
- Pioglitazone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters and may lower Pioglitazone exposure or undermine therapy.
- Potassium × QuinaprilSeriousACE inhibitors such as quinapril reduce aldosterone secretion, which decreases urinary potassium excretion and raises serum...
- Potassium × RamiprilSeriousRamipril reduces aldosterone secretion, creating significant hyperkalemia risk with potassium supplements.
- Potassium × RanolazineSeriousRanolazine usually causes modest QT prolongation, but torsades de pointes has been reported when risk factors stack. Low...
- Potassium × Sacubitril/ValsartanSeriousSacubitril/valsartan combines neprilysin inhibition with angiotensin receptor blockade and meaningfully raises serum potassium...
- Potassium × SolifenacinSeriousAntimuscarinic slowing of gastrointestinal transit may increase mucosal injury risk from solid oral potassium products.
- Potassium × SotalolSeriousSotalol prolongs the QT interval; hypokalemia dramatically increases the risk of torsades de pointes. Maintaining normal serum...
- Potassium × TacrolimusSeriousTacrolimus can cause hyperkalemia, and potassium supplements or salt substitutes can make levels dangerous.
- Potassium × TelmisartanSeriousTelmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, reduces aldosterone secretion and thereby decreases urinary potassium...
- Potassium × TolterodineSeriousAntimuscarinic slowing of gastrointestinal transit may increase mucosal injury risk from solid potassium products.
- Potassium × ValsartanSeriousValsartan blocks AT1 receptors, reducing aldosterone and potassium excretion. Potassium supplementation creates hyperkalemia risk.
- Pramlintide × VanadiumSeriousVanadium salts have insulin-mimetic activity and small human studies show glucose-lowering or insulin-sensitizing effects....
- Quercetin × TacrolimusSeriousQuercetin may inhibit CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein and could increase tacrolimus exposure and toxicity.
- Ranolazine × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is a clinically important inducer of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein. Ranolazine is extensively metabolized by CYP3A...
- Rasagiline × Rhodiola RoseaSeriousRhodiola may have stimulant or monoaminergic effects that could add to MAO-B inhibition.
- Repaglinide × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters and may lower Repaglinide exposure or undermine therapy.
- Resveratrol × WarfarinSeriousResveratrol inhibits CYP2C9, the main enzyme that clears the more potent S-enantiomer of warfarin, and also inhibits...
- Rhodiola Rosea × SelegilineSeriousRhodiola is promoted for stimulant and monoaminergic effects. Combining it with MAO-B inhibition may increase agitation,...
- Rhodiola Rosea × St. John's WortSeriousRhodiola and St. John's Wort both have CNS-active and possible serotonergic effects. Human interaction evidence is limited, but...
- Rhodiola Rosea × TranylcypromineSeriousRhodiola may have stimulant or monoaminergic effects that are poorly predictable during nonselective MAO inhibition.
- Risperidone × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, which metabolizes risperidone. Reduced risperidone levels can cause psychotic relapse.
- Rivaroxaban × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort potently induces CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, the primary metabolic pathways for rivaroxaban. This can...
- Rizatriptan × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's wort has serotonergic antidepressant activity and has documented interaction concerns with antidepressant drugs....
- Roflumilast × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and may reduce roflumilast exposure, potentially decreasing COPD exacerbation prevention.
- Rosuvastatin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, which can reduce rosuvastatin levels. While rosuvastatin is less dependent on...
- Royal Jelly × WarfarinSeriousRoyal Jelly has case-report evidence of potentiating warfarin. An elderly patient with previously stable warfarin therapy...
- Saffron Extract × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort is serotonergic and a strong CYP/P-gp inducer; combining with saffron complicates psychiatric and...
- SAMe × SertralineSeriousSAMe (S-adenosylmethionine) has demonstrated antidepressant properties and increases serotonergic, noradrenergic, and...
- SAMe × TramadolSeriousSAMe has antidepressant activity and serotonergic relevance, while tramadol inhibits serotonin reuptake and is a known serotonin...
- SAMe × TrazodoneSeriousSAMe has independent serotonergic and antidepressant activity. Combined with trazodone (a serotonin reuptake inhibitor whose...
- SAMe × VenlafaxineSeriousSAMe has antidepressant and monoamine-modulating activity. Venlafaxine increases serotonergic signaling, especially at lower and...
- Simvastatin × St. John's WortSeriousSt. John's Wort dramatically reduces simvastatin levels through potent CYP3A4 induction. Simvastatin is highly dependent on...
- St. John's Wort × SumatriptanSeriousSt. John's wort has serotonergic antidepressant activity and has been linked to clinically important interactions with...
- St. John's Wort × TicagrelorSeriousTicagrelor is metabolised by CYP3A4 and is a P-glycoprotein substrate. St. John's wort potently induces both, and the model...
- St. John's Wort × TrazodoneSeriousSt. John's Wort has SSRI-like activity and induces CYP3A4, which is the primary enzyme that metabolizes trazodone. The...
- St. John's Wort × VerapamilSeriousSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, the primary enzyme metabolizing verapamil. This can reduce verapamil levels by 40-80%, leading...
- St. John's Wort × Vitex (Chasteberry)SeriousSt. John's Wort can alter drug metabolism and hormonal contraceptive effectiveness, complicating Vitex use for cycle symptoms.
- Statins × Tribulus TerrestrisSeriousTribulus terrestris is a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor. Documented rhabdomyolysis in patient on atorvastatin who started tribulus.
- Tetracycline × ZincSeriousZinc can reduce oral Tetracycline absorption when taken together.
- Valerian Root × ZolpidemSeriousBoth zolpidem and valerian act on GABA-A receptors. Combined use can cause excessive CNS depression, over-sedation, and next-day...
- Vitamin C Liposomal × WarfarinSeriousHigh-dose vitamin C has rare case-report evidence of reducing warfarin response, followed by rapid INR increases after vitamin C...
- Vitamin D3 × Zoledronic AcidSeriousVitamin D status strongly predicts both the acute-phase reaction risk (fever, myalgia, flu-like symptoms after infusion) and the...
- Vitamin K1 × WarfarinSeriousVitamin K1 (phytonadione) directly reverses warfarin's anticoagulant effect. Even small, regular doses found in multivitamins...
- Vitamin K2 × WarfarinSeriousVitamin K2 directly opposes warfarin's mechanism of action. Warfarin works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factor...
- Vitamin K2 MK-4 × WarfarinSeriousVitamin K2 in the MK-4 (menatetrenone) form opposes warfarin in the same way as K1 and K2 MK-7: it restores production of...
Moderate
1,007- 5-HTP × Black CohoshModerateOn their own, supplemental 5-HTP can already raise serotonin levels, and Black Cohosh has measurable serotonergic pharmacology...
- 5-HTP × DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide)Moderate5-HTP can cause sleepiness and serotonergic adverse effects; combining with unapproved DSIP complicates safety monitoring.
- 5-HTP × EpitalonModerate5-HTP can alter sleep and mood, complicating epitalon-related CNS effects.
- 5-HTP × IsoniazidModerateIsoniazid has weak monoamine oxidase inhibiting activity; 5-HTP could theoretically increase serotonergic adverse-effect risk,...
- 5-HTP × JujubeModerateBoth may affect sleep and CNS signaling; 5-HTP adds serotonergic considerations.
- 5-HTP × KavaModerateBoth may affect CNS state and sleepiness; 5-HTP adds serotonergic considerations.
- 5-HTP × L-TyrosineModerateL-Tyrosine (a catecholamine precursor) and 5-HTP (a serotonin precursor) compete for the same blood-brain-barrier transporter,...
- 5-HTP × Levodopa/CarbidopaModerate5-HTP and levodopa may compete for the same amino acid transport systems (large neutral amino acid transporter) across the...
- 5-HTP × MelatoninModerate5-HTP is a serotonin precursor, and serotonin is converted to melatonin. Taking both may lead to excessive...
- 5-HTP × Mucuna PruriensModerateCombining dopamine-precursor and serotonin-precursor strategies can produce unpredictable mood, sleep, nausea, or blood pressure...
- 5-HTP × PsilocybinModerate5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis and, combined with the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin, raises the theoretical risk of...
- 5-HTP × Rhodiola RoseaModerateRhodiola has preclinical monoamine effects, while 5-HTP increases serotonin synthesis. Combined use carries a theoretical...
- 5-HTP × SAMeModerateBoth SAMe and 5-HTP independently elevate serotonin activity, so combining them stacks two pro-serotonergic mechanisms. Case...
- 5-HTP × SelankModerate5-HTP affects serotonin and mood while selank is used for anxiety, increasing unpredictability.
- 5-HTP × Vitex (Chasteberry)ModerateBoth may affect mood-related symptoms and neurotransmitter pathways.
- Acarbose × Alpha-Lipoic AcidModerateAlpha-Lipoic Acid may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Acarbose.
- Acarbose × BerberineModerateBerberine may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Acarbose.
- Acarbose × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium and acarbose can both blunt postprandial glucose rise and can both cause gastrointestinal bloating or gas.
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × IodineModerateAcetyl-L-Carnitine and Iodine pull on thyroid physiology in opposing directions. Iodine is taken to supply substrate for thyroid...
- Activated Charcoal × DapsoneModerateActivated charcoal can bind dapsone in the gut and can also accelerate elimination by interrupting enterohepatic or...
- Activated Charcoal × IronModerateActivated charcoal can adsorb orally ingested iron in the gut, reducing the amount of iron available for absorption when the two...
- Activated Charcoal × MethylcobalaminModerateActivated charcoal adsorbs orally administered methylcobalamin, lowering the amount of B12 available for absorption if the two...
- Activated Charcoal × Polyethylene GlycolModerateHigh-volume polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage used for whole bowel irrigation can interfere with activated charcoal's...
- Activated Charcoal × Vitamin CModerateActivated charcoal adsorbs ascorbic acid in the gut, lowering the fraction of an oral vitamin C dose that is absorbed.
- Activated Charcoal × ZincModerateActivated charcoal can adsorb zinc and other minerals in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing zinc absorption when the two are...
- Agmatine Sulfate × BerberineModerateBoth may affect glucose and blood pressure in susceptible users.
- Agmatine Sulfate × L-CitrullineModerateBoth affect nitric oxide or vascular pathways, but agmatine may modulate nitric oxide synthase unpredictably.
- Albuterol × Cannabis (THC-Dominant)ModerateAlbuterol can cause tremor, palpitations, tachycardia, and ECG changes, especially with repeated rescue doses or nebulized...
- Albuterol × PotassiumModerateAlbuterol can temporarily lower serum potassium, especially with repeated nebulizer treatments, continuous therapy, or high-dose...
- Alcohol × AlfuzosinModerateAlfuzosin is an alpha1 blocker used for urinary symptoms and can contribute to dizziness or low blood pressure in susceptible...
- Alcohol × AllopurinolModerateAlcohol can trigger gout attacks and raise the urate burden that allopurinol is meant to control. Beer and spirits are the...
- Alcohol × BrimonidineModerateBrimonidine eye drops can cause systemic alpha-2 agonist effects in some people, including fatigue, somnolence, low blood...
- Alcohol × CelecoxibModerateCelecoxib generally causes fewer upper GI ulcers than many nonselective NSAIDs, but alcohol can still increase GI irritation and...
- Alcohol × CetirizineModerateCetirizine is less sedating than older antihistamines, but it is not impairment-free. Controlled alcohol studies are mixed: some...
- Alcohol × ChlorthalidoneModerateChlorthalidone has a long duration of action and can cause volume depletion, low sodium, and low potassium. Alcohol can worsen...
- Alcohol × FebuxostatModerateAlcohol can undermine febuxostat therapy by increasing gout flare risk and raising urate pressure. Febuxostat lowers urate...
- Alcohol × FurosemideModerateFurosemide can cause volume depletion, electrolyte loss, and orthostatic symptoms. Alcohol can impair vasoconstriction during...
- Alcohol × HydrochlorothiazideModerateHydrochlorothiazide lowers blood pressure partly through natriuresis and reduced plasma volume. Alcohol can potentiate...
- Alcohol × IsotretinoinModerateIsotretinoin can raise triglycerides and liver enzymes, usually modestly but occasionally to clinically important levels....
- Alcohol × MelatoninModerateCombining alcohol with melatonin can increase sedation and drowsiness, while alcohol itself disrupts the body's natural...
- Alcohol × Milk ThistleModerateMilk thistle (silymarin) is often taken for liver support during alcohol use, but evidence does not show it prevents...
- Alcohol × PregnenoloneModeratePregnenolone is a neurosteroid that directly opposes GABA-A signaling, yet the body converts much of it into allopregnanolone,...
- Alcohol × Timolol OphthalmicModerateTimolol eye drops can be systemically absorbed and produce beta-blocker effects such as slower heart rate, lower blood pressure,...
- Alendronate × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium can chelate alendronate, reducing its absorption. While the interaction is similar in mechanism to calcium and iron,...
- Alendronate × StrontiumModerateStrontium is a divalent cation that can chelate bisphosphonates in the gut, blocking absorption. Strontium and bisphosphonates...
- Alendronate × ZincModerateZinc is a divalent cation that chelates alendronate in the gut, similar to the well-known calcium, iron, and magnesium...
- Alfuzosin × L-ArginineModerateL-Arginine can reduce blood pressure through nitric oxide production. Alfuzosin is generally uroselective but still has...
- Alfuzosin × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline increases systemic arginine availability and can modestly lower blood pressure. Alfuzosin can also contribute to...
- Alfuzosin × Pine Bark ExtractModerateAlfuzosin is used for LUTS/BPH and can contribute to blood-pressure symptoms in susceptible patients, particularly with other...
- Allopurinol × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose Vitamin B3 products that contain niacin or nicotinic acid can raise uric acid and have been associated with...
- Alpha-GPC × CiticolineModerateBoth are potent choline sources. Taking both at full doses may provide excessive choline, potentially causing headaches, GI...
- Alpha-GPC × DonepezilModerateBoth donepezil and Alpha-GPC increase cholinergic activity. Donepezil inhibits acetylcholinesterase; Alpha-GPC provides choline...
- Alpha-GPC × PhosphatidylcholineModeratePhosphatidylcholine and Alpha-GPC are both choline donors, so combining them raises total choline intake and the additive...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Banaba Leaf (Corosolic Acid)ModerateBoth may improve insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Bitter MelonModerateCombined use may intensify glucose-lowering effects.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Cinnamon ExtractModerateBoth may support insulin sensitivity and neuropathy-related metabolic pathways.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × DapagliflozinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and dapagliflozin causes urinary glucose excretion. Dapagliflozin alone rarely...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × DulaglutideModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may modestly improve insulin sensitivity or glucose handling in some people with diabetes. When layered onto...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Elamipretide (SS-31)ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid can lower glucose and is used for mitochondrial redox claims, complicating adverse-effect attribution.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × EmpagliflozinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and lowers fasting glucose, while empagliflozin causes urinary glucose excretion....
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × GHRP-2ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid affects insulin sensitivity while GHRP-2 may alter glucose handling.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × GHRP-6ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may lower glucose while GHRP-6 can alter glucose and hunger signals.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Gymnema SylvestreModerateBoth may improve insulin sensitivity and glucose handling.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × HexarelinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid can affect glucose handling while hexarelin may worsen glucose tolerance.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × HGH Fragment 176-191ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin sensitivity and obscure adverse glucose effects from peptide exposure.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × HumaninModerateAlpha-lipoic acid affects glucose handling and oxidative stress, complicating interpretation of humanin effects.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Insulin GlargineModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin-mediated glucose disposal and has rare reports of insulin autoimmune syndrome with severe...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × IronModerateALA chelates metals including iron. May reduce iron absorption or redistribute iron stores.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Iron BisglycinateModerateALA chelates metals including iron bisglycinate. May reduce iron bisglycinate absorption or redistribute iron bisglycinate stores.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × LiraglutideModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may modestly improve insulin sensitivity or glucose handling in some people with diabetes. When layered onto...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × MetforminModerateAlpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has its own blood glucose-lowering effects through improved insulin sensitivity and enhanced glucose...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × MK-677 (Ibutamoren)ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may change glucose readings while MK-677 can impair glucose tolerance.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × MOTS-cModerateAlpha-lipoic acid can improve insulin sensitivity and may increase hypoglycemia risk in a metabolic peptide stack.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Myo-Inositol & D-Chiro-InositolModerateBoth are used for insulin sensitivity and may have additive glucose-lowering effects.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × PioglitazoneModerateAlpha-Lipoic Acid may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Pioglitazone.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × RepaglinideModerateAlpha-Lipoic Acid may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Repaglinide, increasing hypoglycemia risk.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × SemaglutideModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may modestly improve insulin sensitivity or glucose handling in some people with diabetes. When layered onto...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × SermorelinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may lower glucose while sermorelin-related GH/IGF-1 changes can alter glucose handling.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × SitagliptinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and sitagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor) prolongs endogenous GLP-1 activity. On...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × TesamorelinModerateAlpha-lipoic acid can affect glucose handling while tesamorelin requires glucose monitoring.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × TirzepatideModerateAlpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin sensitivity and lower glucose, which can add to tirzepatide's glucose-lowering effects.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × VanadiumModerateVanadium acts as an insulin mimetic and alpha-lipoic acid improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, so the pair can...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Vitamin B7ModerateAlpha-lipoic acid competes with biotin (B7) for the SMVT transporter in the gut, potentially reducing biotin absorption.
- Alprazolam × Bacopa MonnieriModerateBacopa Monnieri extract inhibited CYP3A4 in vitro, and alprazolam exposure is clinically increased by CYP3A inhibition. Human...
- Alprazolam × GABAModerateSupplemental GABA may have mild sedative and anxiolytic effects, though its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier is debated....
- Alprazolam × MelatoninModerateMelatonin has mild sedative properties that can add to alprazolam's CNS depressant effects. While the interaction is generally...
- Alprazolam × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4, the main enzyme clearing alprazolam. High-hyperforin St. John's Wort products may lower...
- American Ginseng × BerberineModerateBoth American ginseng and berberine independently lower blood glucose, so combining them can produce an additive hypoglycemic...
- American Ginseng × Fish OilModerateGinseng can inhibit platelet aggregation, and high-dose fish oil also has mild antiplatelet activity, so combining them may...
- American Ginseng × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein and may accelerate the metabolism of ginsenosides, potentially...
- Amlodipine × BerberineModerateBerberine is a clinically demonstrated inhibitor of CYP3A4, the main enzyme that clears amlodipine. Co-administration can raise...
- Amlodipine × Curcumin PhytosomeModerateCurcumin phytosome formulations achieve 20-30 times higher plasma curcumin levels than standard curcumin, which magnifies any...
- Amlodipine × Garlic ExtractModerateAged garlic extract reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure by about 8 and 5 mmHg in hypertensive patients in...
- Amlodipine × L-ArginineModerateL-Arginine is a nitric oxide precursor that lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure by about 5/3 mmHg in meta-analysis....
- Amlodipine × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline is converted to L-arginine and raises plasma arginine more efficiently than oral arginine itself, producing...
- Amlodipine × Magnesium CitrateModerateMagnesium acts as a physiologic calcium-channel modulator and lowers blood pressure by about 2 mmHg systolic and 1.8 mmHg...
- Amlodipine × Magnesium GlycinateModerateBoth amlodipine and magnesium act as calcium channel blockers through related mechanisms, creating additive hypotensive effects....
- Amlodipine × QuercetinModerateQuercetin, a flavonoid found in grapefruit and many supplements, inhibits CYP3A4 and intestinal P-glycoprotein in vitro....
- Amlodipine × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateCurcumin inhibits CYP3A4 and intestinal P-glycoprotein, both of which contribute to amlodipine clearance and absorption. In a...
- Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine × NicotineModerateNicotine can add sympathetic stimulation to amphetamine/dextroamphetamine and may also reinforce stimulant use patterns. The...
- Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine × Vitamin CModerateHigh-dose Vitamin C products are usually ascorbic acid, and acidifying conditions can lower amphetamine blood levels by...
- Ampicillin × CalciumModerateCalcium is a divalent cation that can theoretically chelate beta-lactam antibiotics, and large meals or dairy can reduce...
- Ampicillin × ProbioticsModerateAmpicillin can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Ampicillin × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Ampicillin therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with...
- Ampicillin × Vitamin K2ModerateBroad-spectrum antibiotics such as ampicillin can suppress vitamin K-producing gut bacteria, occasionally lowering vitamin K...
- Ampicillin × ZincModerateAlthough chelation interactions with penicillins are far less pronounced than with tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones, divalent...
- Andrographis × BerberineModerateBoth can cause GI upset and may lower glucose in susceptible users.
- Andrographis × Garlic ExtractModerateBoth may have antiplatelet or bleeding-related cautions, especially around surgery or anticoagulants.
- Anthocyanins (Bilberry Extract) × Fish OilModerateBoth bilberry anthocyanins and high-dose fish oil can mildly reduce platelet aggregation. Taken together, and especially...
- Antihypertensives × Olive Leaf ExtractModerateOlive leaf extract has Captopril-comparable blood pressure lowering effects (500mg BID). Oleuropein is a CYP3A4 mechanism-based...
- Apigenin × DiazepamModerateApigenin has benzodiazepine-receptor and GABA(A)-modulating activity in preclinical studies. One receptor study specifically...
- Apixaban × Fish OilModerateFish oil has antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties that may increase bleeding risk when combined with apixaban. While...
- Apixaban × Garlic ExtractModerateConcentrated garlic extracts inhibit platelet aggregation via allicin and related organosulfur compounds and have been linked to...
- Apixaban × IbuprofenModerateNSAIDs increase the bleeding risk when combined with DOACs through antiplatelet effects and GI mucosal irritation. While DOACs...
- Apixaban × QuercetinModerateQuercetin inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein in vitro. Apixaban is metabolised by CYP3A4 and is a P-gp substrate, so high-dose...
- Apixaban × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateCurcumin has antiplatelet properties that may increase bleeding risk when combined with apixaban. While no direct...
- Artemisinin × IronModerateIron supplementation may modulate artemisinin activity, because artemisinin relies on iron to generate its cytotoxic free...
- Artemisinin × NACModerateNAC is a potent antioxidant that can quench the reactive oxygen species artemisinin depends on, potentially reducing...
- Ashwagandha × AzathioprineModerateAshwagandha may have immune-stimulating effects and could conflict with immunosuppressive treatment goals in autoimmune disease...
- Ashwagandha × AzelastineModerateAshwagandha can be sedating in some people and may worsen azelastine-related drowsiness.
- Ashwagandha × Cannabis (THC-Dominant)ModerateBoth can have sedative and CNS-depressant effects, so concurrent use may increase drowsiness and sedation.
- Ashwagandha × ClonidineModerateAshwagandha (Withania somnifera) has central calming and mild sedative-anxiolytic properties and may potentiate the sedation and...
- Ashwagandha × ClozapineModerateAshwagandha can be sedating in some patients and may add to clozapine-related somnolence or orthostatic symptoms.
- Ashwagandha × EpitalonModerateAshwagandha may affect thyroid and sedation while epitalon is used for endocrine-adjacent claims.
- Ashwagandha × GABAModerateAshwagandha has GABA-mimetic activity, so stacking it with supplemental GABA can produce additive sedation and pronounced...
- Ashwagandha × Gotu KolaModerateBoth are calming botanicals that may have additive sedative and central nervous system depressant effects, and both have...
- Ashwagandha × IodineModerateAshwagandha may stimulate thyroid hormone production (T4 and T3) via its effects on the HPA axis and direct thyroid stimulation....
- Ashwagandha × LavenderModerateBoth are used for anxiety or stress and may cause additive drowsiness or GI effects.
- Ashwagandha × Lemon BalmModerateBoth can reduce stress arousal and may cause sedation; ashwagandha also has thyroid-related cautions.
- Ashwagandha × Levetiracetam Extended-ReleaseModerateAshwagandha can be sedating for some patients and may compound levetiracetam CNS effects.
- Ashwagandha × LevocetirizineModerateAshwagandha can be sedating in some users and may add to antihistamine-related drowsiness.
- Ashwagandha × LevothyroxineModerateAshwagandha has been associated with increased thyroid hormone levels and rare thyrotoxicosis reports. When combined with...
- Ashwagandha × LurasidoneModerateAshwagandha can cause sedation in some patients and may add to lurasidone's CNS effects.
- Ashwagandha × Magnolia BarkModerateBoth are used for stress and may add sedation or fatigue.
- Ashwagandha × OxcarbazepineModerateAshwagandha may cause sedation and could add to oxcarbazepine CNS effects.
- Ashwagandha × PhenobarbitalModerateAshwagandha may be sedating and can compound phenobarbital CNS depression.
- Ashwagandha × PregnenoloneModerateBoth pregnenolone and ashwagandha influence stress hormone and HPA axis activity, with ashwagandha lowering cortisol while...
- Ashwagandha × PrimidoneModerateAshwagandha may add to primidone-related sedation or dizziness.
- Ashwagandha × PropranololModerateAshwagandha lowers cortisol and dampens sympathetic activity, which can modestly reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Combined...
- Ashwagandha × RivastigmineModerateAshwagandha may cause sedation or dizziness and can complicate assessment of rivastigmine tolerability.
- Ashwagandha × TestosteroneModerateAshwagandha (Withania somnifera) modestly raises testosterone and LH in men with infertility or stress and can also raise T4 and...
- Ashwagandha × ThymalinModerateBoth may affect immune signaling and could worsen autoimmune instability.
- Ashwagandha × Thymosin Alpha-1ModerateAshwagandha has immune and thyroid effects and could complicate autoimmune or immune-modulating protocols.
- Ashwagandha × TrazodoneModerateAshwagandha contains compounds with GABA-A agonist activity that produce mild sedation. Trazodone is a strongly sedating...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × BromelainModerateBromelain may have antiplatelet and fibrinolytic effects that could add to low-dose aspirin. Human outcome evidence for the...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Curcumin PhytosomeModerateCurcumin phytosome products may produce higher systemic curcumin exposure than standard turmeric powders and may add...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Fish OilModerateFish oil has antiplatelet properties that add to aspirin's cyclooxygenase inhibition, potentially increasing bleeding risk....
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Flaxseed OilModerateFlaxseed oil supplies alpha-linolenic acid and may have mild antiplatelet or lipid-mediated vascular effects, but direct...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Garlic ExtractModerateGarlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation and have been compared head-to-head with aspirin and clopidogrel in clinical...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Ginger ExtractModerateGinger extracts contain gingerols and shogaols that inhibit cyclooxygenase and thromboxane A2 synthesis, reducing platelet...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Krill OilModerateKrill oil provides omega-3 fatty acids that may have mild antiplatelet effects, which can add to low-dose aspirin in higher-risk...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × LycopeneModerateLycopene has antiplatelet activity in platelet studies, and an in vitro human platelet study directly evaluated lycopene with...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateTurmeric/curcumin supplements may add antiplatelet effects to low-dose aspirin. Culinary turmeric is usually a minor exposure,...
- Aspirin Low-Dose × Vitamin EModerateHigh-dose vitamin E may increase bleeding tendency and could add to low-dose aspirin's antiplatelet effect. Vitamin E...
- Astaxanthin × LuteinModerateLutein and astaxanthin are both lipophilic carotenoids that compete for the same intestinal absorption pathways, so large doses...
- Astaxanthin × ZeaxanthinModerateZeaxanthin and astaxanthin are both lipophilic carotenoids that compete for shared intestinal absorption pathways, so large...
- Atenolol × Fish Oil Triple StrengthModerateConcentrated fish oil products deliver 2-3 g of EPA/DHA per softgel, which produces meaningful blood-pressure reductions on top...
- Atenolol × Garlic ExtractModerateAged garlic extract reduces systolic blood pressure by approximately 8 mmHg in hypertensives. Layered on atenolol, the combined...
- Atenolol × L-ArginineModerateL-Arginine modestly lowers blood pressure through nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation. Stacked with atenolol's beta1 blockade,...
- Atenolol × TaurineModerateTaurine lowers blood pressure modestly and has direct heart-rate-lowering effects. Combined with atenolol, the effects can be...
- Atomoxetine × BerberineModerateAtomoxetine exposure is highly sensitive to CYP2D6 inhibition. A clinical pharmacokinetic study showed potent CYP2D6 inhibition...
- Atorvastatin × BerberineModerateBerberine has human evidence of inhibiting CYP3A4 activity after repeated dosing, and atorvastatin is partly cleared through...
- Atorvastatin × Green Tea ExtractModerateGreen tea extract reduced atorvastatin peak concentration and overall exposure in a human crossover study. The effect appears...
- Atorvastatin × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose niacin (>1g/day) combined with atorvastatin may increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. The AIM-HIGH and...
- Azathioprine × Curcumin PhytosomeModerateCurcumin may have antiplatelet effects and could add to bleeding risk if azathioprine causes thrombocytopenia.
- Azathioprine × Ginkgo BilobaModerateGinkgo may increase bleeding tendency and could compound bleeding risk if azathioprine causes thrombocytopenia.
- Azelastine × L-TheanineModerateL-theanine may compound fatigue or reduced alertness from azelastine.
- Azelastine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to azelastine-related somnolence and impairment.
- Banaba Leaf (Corosolic Acid) × BerberineModerateBoth may lower glucose and can increase hypoglycemia risk when stacked.
- BCAAs × L-TryptophanModerateThis is the classic large neutral amino acid transporter competition described in the central fatigue hypothesis. BCAAs are...
- Bee Pollen × EchinaceaModerateBee pollen and echinacea can both provoke allergic reactions, particularly in people sensitive to pollens or Asteraceae plants,...
- Bee Pollen × QuercetinModerateBee pollen naturally contains quercetin and related flavonoids, so adding a quercetin supplement increases total flavonoid...
- Bee Pollen × Royal JellyModerateBee pollen and royal jelly are both bee-derived products that can trigger allergic reactions, and taking them together increases...
- Beetroot Extract (Dietary Nitrate) × Garlic ExtractModerateBoth may lower blood pressure and have vascular effects.
- Beetroot Extract (Dietary Nitrate) × L-CitrullineModerateBoth increase nitric oxide availability and may additively lower blood pressure.
- Berberine × Bergamot (Citrus Bergamia) ExtractModerateBoth may lower lipids and glucose, which can be useful but may increase hypoglycemia risk with diabetes medications.
- Berberine × Bifidobacterium infantis 35624ModerateBerberine has antimicrobial activity that may reduce live probiotic viability if taken simultaneously.
- Berberine × Bifidobacterium longum BB536ModerateBerberine has antimicrobial properties that may reduce probiotic viability if taken together.
- Berberine × Bitter MelonModerateBoth can lower glucose and may increase hypoglycemia risk.
- Berberine × Black Seed OilModerateBoth lower blood glucose, so combined use can produce additive hypoglycemic effects, particularly in people also taking diabetes...
- Berberine × CarnosineModerateCarnosine may modestly improve glycemic control and reduce AGE formation, while berberine is a potent glucose-lowering agent....
- Berberine × ChagaModerateBoth can lower blood glucose, so combining them may produce additive hypoglycemic effects, particularly in people taking...
- Berberine × ChromiumModerateBoth lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Combined use may cause excessive blood sugar reduction, especially in...
- Berberine × Cinnamon ExtractModerateBoth may lower glucose and can be useful together but increase hypoglycemia risk when diabetes medication is present.
- Berberine × Coenzyme Q10ModerateBerberine may inhibit mitochondrial Complex I, similar to metformin. CoQ10 supplementation may help offset potential...
- Berberine × Coenzyme Q10 UbiquinolModerateBerberine may inhibit mitochondrial Complex I, similar to metformin. CoQ10 supplementation may help offset potential...
- Berberine × DapagliflozinModerateDapagliflozin and berberine both lower blood glucose through independent mechanisms. Combined use may increase hypoglycemia risk.
- Berberine × DiltiazemModerateDiltiazem is itself a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor that depends on the same enzyme for clearance. Adding berberine, which inhibits...
- Berberine × DulaglutideModerateBoth dulaglutide and berberine can lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Dulaglutide's insulin effect is...
- Berberine × EmpagliflozinModerateBoth empagliflozin and berberine lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Combined use may increase hypoglycemia risk,...
- Berberine × ErythromycinModerateBerberine inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein. Erythromycin is itself a CYP3A4 substrate and inhibitor that can prolong the QT...
- Berberine × FenugreekModerateAdditive glucose-lowering effect that can increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially in people also taking antidiabetic...
- Berberine × FluconazoleModerateBerberine inhibits CYP3A4 (and to a lesser extent CYP2D6), the same family of enzymes that fluconazole also inhibits. Stacking...
- Berberine × FucoxanthinModerateBoth fucoxanthin and berberine may lower blood glucose. Berberine has well-documented hypoglycemic activity in humans, and...
- Berberine × GemfibrozilModerateBerberine has lipid-lowering and glucose-lowering activity and modulates several drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters...
- Berberine × GHRP-2ModerateBerberine may lower glucose while GHRP-2 can affect glucose and appetite.
- Berberine × GHRP-6ModerateBerberine affects glucose while GHRP-6 may worsen glucose tolerance and increase appetite.
- Berberine × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth can lower blood glucose, so combining them may produce an additive hypoglycemic effect, especially during fasting or when...
- Berberine × Gymnema SylvestreModerateBoth can lower glucose and may increase hypoglycemia risk.
- Berberine × HesperidinModerateBoth hesperetin and berberine inhibit intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4 and modulate efflux transporters, which could alter the...
- Berberine × HexarelinModerateBerberine may lower glucose while hexarelin can alter GH-axis glucose regulation.
- Berberine × HGH Fragment 176-191ModerateBerberine can lower glucose and may confound glucose interpretation if an unapproved metabolic peptide is used.
- Berberine × Holy Basil/TulsiModerateHoly basil and berberine each lower blood glucose, and combining them produces an additive hypoglycemic effect. In people who...
- Berberine × HumaninModerateBerberine can lower glucose and may add to possible humanin metabolic effects.
- Berberine × ItraconazoleModerateBerberine may inhibit CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein and could increase itraconazole intolerance in susceptible patients.
- Berberine × LabetalolModerateBerberine may lower glucose, while beta blockers can mask adrenergic warning signs of hypoglycemia such as tachycardia.
- Berberine × Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFMModerateBerberine antimicrobial activity may reduce viability of live NCFM if taken together.
- Berberine × Lactobacillus plantarum 299vModerateBerberine has antimicrobial activity and may reduce probiotic viability if taken at the same time.
- Berberine × LiraglutideModerateBoth liraglutide and berberine can lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Liraglutide's insulin effect is...
- Berberine × LosartanModerateBerberine can inhibit CYP2C9 activity and may alter losartan conversion to its active metabolite E-3174. Berberine may also...
- Berberine × LovastatinModerateLovastatin is highly dependent on CYP3A4 metabolism, and berberine has human evidence of inhibiting CYP3A4 after repeated...
- Berberine × MK-677 (Ibutamoren)ModerateBerberine may lower glucose while MK-677 can worsen insulin resistance and increase appetite.
- Berberine × MoringaModerateBoth moringa and berberine independently lower blood glucose, so combining them can produce additive hypoglycemic effects,...
- Berberine × MOTS-cModerateBerberine can lower glucose and may add to possible MOTS-c metabolic effects.
- Berberine × MoxifloxacinModerateMoxifloxacin prolongs the QT interval, and combining it with berberine adds theoretical additive risk. Berberine inhibits the...
- Berberine × Myo-Inositol & D-Chiro-InositolModerateBoth may improve insulin resistance and can increase the chance of low-glucose symptoms when combined with diabetes medications...
- Berberine × NebivololModerateBerberine may lower glucose, while beta blockers can mask adrenergic warning signs of hypoglycemia such as tachycardia.
- Berberine × Niacin (Prescription)ModerateBerberine may lower glucose, while prescription niacin can worsen glycemic control; combining them can make glucose response...
- Berberine × NifedipineModerateNifedipine relies on CYP3A4 for clearance, and berberine clinically inhibits CYP3A4 after repeated dosing in humans....
- Berberine × Olive Leaf ExtractModerateBoth olive leaf extract and berberine can lower blood glucose and blood pressure, so combining them may produce additive...
- Berberine × Panax GinsengModeratePanax ginseng can lower blood glucose, and combining it with berberine, a potent glucose-lowering agent, may produce additive...
- Berberine × PioglitazoneModerateBerberine may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Pioglitazone.
- Berberine × Plant Sterols (Phytosterols)ModerateBoth can lower LDL-C through different mechanisms and may have additive glucose-lowering effects.
- Berberine × ProbioticsModerateBerberine has significant antimicrobial properties and can reduce beneficial gut bacteria populations. Taking berberine with...
- Berberine × PterostilbeneModerateBoth pterostilbene and berberine activate AMPK and can lower blood glucose. Used together, and especially alongside antidiabetic...
- Berberine × Red Yeast RiceModerateBoth can lower lipids and may affect glucose; berberine also has CYP/P-gp interaction potential.
- Berberine × RepaglinideModerateBerberine may lower glucose and add to the glucose-lowering effects of Repaglinide, increasing hypoglycemia risk.
- Berberine × RoflumilastModerateBerberine may affect CYP enzymes and P-glycoprotein, creating theoretical exposure changes for roflumilast.
- Berberine × SemaglutideModerateBoth semaglutide and berberine can lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Semaglutide's insulin effect is...
- Berberine × SermorelinModerateBerberine may lower glucose while GH-axis stimulation may worsen glucose tolerance in susceptible users.
- Berberine × SimvastatinModerateSimvastatin is strongly affected by CYP3A4 inhibitors, and berberine has human evidence of inhibiting CYP3A4 activity with...
- Berberine × TangeretinModerateTangeretin is a recognized inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes (notably CYP1A2 and CYP3A4), and berberine also inhibits CYP3A4...
- Berberine × TesamorelinModerateBerberine may lower glucose while tesamorelin can worsen glucose tolerance, complicating monitoring.
- Berberine × VanadiumModerateVanadium has insulin-mimetic glucose-lowering activity and berberine is a potent glucose-lowering compound, so combining them...
- Berberine × VoriconazoleModerateBerberine may inhibit CYP enzymes or P-glycoprotein and could increase voriconazole adverse effects in susceptible patients.
- Berberine HCl × ChromiumModerateBoth lower blood glucose through different mechanisms. Combined use may cause excessive blood sugar reduction, especially in...
- Berberine HCl × Coenzyme Q10ModerateBerberine HCl may inhibit mitochondrial Complex I, similar to metformin. CoQ10 supplementation may help offset potential...
- Berberine HCl × LosartanModerateBerberine HCl can inhibit CYP2C9 activity and may alter losartan conversion to its active metabolite E-3174. Berberine HCl may...
- Berberine HCl × MetforminModerateBerberine HCl has independent glucose-lowering effects in type 2 diabetes. When combined with metformin, fasting glucose and A1c...
- Bergamot (Citrus Bergamia) Extract × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth can cause GI upset, and concentrated green tea extract has liver-injury concerns at high EGCG doses.
- Beta-Alanine × TaurineModerateBeta-alanine and taurine compete for the same transporter, so chronic high-dose beta-alanine can lower tissue taurine levels and...
- Beta-Carotene × LuteinModerateBeta-carotene and lutein compete for the same intestinal absorption pathways, so taking large doses together can reduce the...
- Beta-Carotene × Vitamin AModerateBeta-carotene is converted to vitamin A in the body, so taking both together adds to total vitamin A activity and can increase...
- Beta-Glucan × Psyllium HuskModerateOat beta-glucan and psyllium can add soluble fiber effects but may increase bloating or interfere with medication absorption.
- Betaine HCL × OmeprazoleModerateBetaine HCL is taken specifically to lower gastric pH, while omeprazole is taken to raise it. The two are pharmacodynamically...
- Betaine HCL × PantoprazoleModerateBetaine HCL acidifies the stomach, the opposite of what pantoprazole is prescribed to do. The two have directly opposing...
- Bisacodyl × Magnesium CitrateModerateBisacodyl and magnesium citrate are both laxatives, and combining them can produce a stronger cathartic effect than either...
- Bisacodyl × PotassiumModerateBisacodyl can cause clinically important potassium loss when overused, taken repeatedly for diarrhea-producing laxation, or...
- Bitter Melon × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth can cause GI upset, and concentrated extracts may add liver-safety uncertainty in susceptible people.
- Black Cohosh × EstradiolModerateBlack cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) is used for menopausal symptoms and has mild estrogenic and serotonergic activity. Combining...
- Black Cohosh × Green Tea ExtractModerateConcentrated Green Tea Extract is one of the botanicals most consistently linked to liver injury in the US Drug-Induced Liver...
- Black Cohosh × St. John's WortModerateBoth herbs carry independent hepatic safety signals, so combining them can complicate monitoring and attribution if liver...
- Black Seed Oil × FenugreekModerateBoth supplements are well-documented oral hypoglycemics in human trials. Taken concurrently, especially alongside antidiabetic...
- Black Seed Oil × Fish OilModerateBoth can modestly lower blood pressure and affect platelet function, so combining them may produce additive reductions in blood...
- Black Seed Oil × Garlic ExtractModerateTwo supplements with reproducible antihypertensive effects in human trials. Combined, the blood-pressure reduction can be...
- Boron × DHEAModerateBoth boron and DHEA can independently raise circulating androgen and estrogen levels. Boron tends to increase free testosterone...
- Brimonidine × Cannabis (THC-Dominant)ModerateTHC-dominant cannabis can add to brimonidine-related drowsiness, slowed reactions, dizziness, or blood-pressure symptoms....
- Bromelain × Ginger ExtractModerateBoth ingredients have antiplatelet activity, so combining them may add to bleeding risk, particularly alongside blood-thinning...
- Bromelain × Ginkgo BilobaModerateBromelain has mild antiplatelet and fibrinolytic activity that can add to ginkgo's platelet-inhibiting effect, modestly...
- Bromelain × NattokinaseModerateBoth have fibrinolytic and antiplatelet activity; combined use additively raises bleeding risk.
- Budesonide Inhaled × SchisandraModerateSchisandra extract inhibits CYP3A in human pharmacokinetic studies. Budesonide is normally cleared extensively by CYP3A, so...
- Budesonide Inhaled × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, and budesonide is extensively metabolized by CYP3A. This may lower budesonide exposure and...
- Bupropion × NicotineModerateBupropion and nicotine replacement have been intentionally combined for smoking cessation, and the combination can improve quit...
- Buspirone × SAMeModerateSAMe has antidepressant effects and evidence of serotonergic involvement, including 5-HT1A pathway activation in preclinical...
- Caffeine × Green Tea ExtractModerateMany green tea extracts contain caffeine and concentrated EGCG, increasing stimulant and liver-safety concerns.
- Caffeine × MelatoninModerateCaffeine can delay sleep onset and counteract melatonin timing goals.
- Caffeine × Panax GinsengModerateBoth Panax ginseng and caffeine can be mildly stimulating, and combining them may amplify CNS and cardiovascular stimulation in...
- Caffeine × Rhodiola RoseaModerateBoth can feel stimulating in some users and may increase anxiety or insomnia.
- Calcium × Calcium Alpha-KetoglutarateModerateCalcium alpha-ketoglutarate delivers a meaningful amount of elemental calcium (approximately 20-25 percent by weight). Combining...
- Calcium × CarbamazepineModerateLong-term carbamazepine therapy is associated with adverse bone-mineral effects and higher fracture risk, especially when...
- Calcium × CefdinirModerateHigh-dose calcium supplements and calcium-containing antacids can bind cefdinir in the gut and modestly reduce its absorption...
- Calcium × CefiximeModerateCalcium-containing supplements and antacids may bind cefixime in the gut, reducing its dissolution and absorption and...
- Calcium × CefpodoximeModerateCalcium supplements and calcium-containing antacids may reduce cefpodoxime absorption. Cefpodoxime proxetil depends on gastric...
- Calcium × CefuroximeModerateCalcium-containing supplements and antacids can chelate cefuroxime and raise gastric pH. Because cefuroxime axetil relies on an...
- Calcium × ChlorthalidoneModerateChlorthalidone is thiazide-like and reduces urinary calcium loss, which can raise serum calcium. High-dose calcium supplements...
- Calcium × DexamethasoneModerateDexamethasone is the most potent oral glucocorticoid. Even short courses significantly impact calcium balance. Supplementation...
- Calcium × DicloxacillinModerateCalcium supplements and calcium-rich products can bind oral penicillins in the gastrointestinal tract and, together with food,...
- Calcium × Elderberry Zinc LozengesModerateHigh-dose calcium can reduce elderberry zinc lozenges absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × EsomeprazoleModerateEsomeprazole reduces absorption of calcium carbonate, which depends on stomach acid to dissolve. Long-term PPI use is associated...
- Calcium × FosfomycinModerateOral fosfomycin tromethamine is a single-dose therapy whose efficacy depends on achieving adequate urinary concentrations....
- Calcium × GabapentinModerateCalcium-containing antacids and supplements may reduce gabapentin absorption through similar mechanisms as magnesium. The...
- Calcium × HydrochlorothiazideModerateHydrochlorothiazide reduces urinary calcium excretion and can raise serum calcium. Adding high-dose calcium supplements can...
- Calcium × ItraconazoleModerateCalcium supplements, particularly calcium carbonate, raise gastric pH and can substantially reduce the dissolution and...
- Calcium × LansoprazoleModerateLansoprazole reduces absorption of calcium carbonate, which depends on stomach acid for dissolution. Long-term PPI use is...
- Calcium × Losartan/HydrochlorothiazideModerateHydrochlorothiazide decreases urinary calcium excretion; high-dose calcium can contribute to hypercalcemia in susceptible...
- Calcium × Magnesium CitrateModerateHigh-dose calcium and magnesium compete for absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Magnesium GlycinateModerateHigh-dose calcium and magnesium compete for absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Magnesium L-ThreonateModerateHigh-dose calcium and magnesium compete for absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Magnesium MalateModerateHigh-dose calcium and magnesium compete for absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Magnesium TaurateModerateHigh-dose calcium and magnesium compete for absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × ManganeseModerateHigh-dose calcium can reduce manganese absorption when taken together, lowering the amount of manganese the body takes up from a...
- Calcium × MedroxyprogesteroneModerateDepot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is associated with a measurable but largely reversible decrease in bone mineral density...
- Calcium × MethylprednisoloneModerateLike all glucocorticoids, methylprednisolone reduces calcium absorption and increases bone loss. Calcium supplementation is...
- Calcium × OmeprazoleModerateLong-term omeprazole use reduces calcium absorption, particularly from calcium carbonate which requires an acidic environment...
- Calcium × PantoprazoleModeratePantoprazole, like other PPIs, reduces gastric acidity needed for calcium carbonate absorption. Long-term use may impair calcium...
- Calcium × PhenytoinModerateCalcium can reduce phenytoin absorption if taken simultaneously. While calcium supplementation may be important for patients on...
- Calcium × PrednisoloneModerateChronic prednisolone therapy accelerates bone loss and increases fracture risk, especially at higher doses or when used for...
- Calcium × PrednisoneModeratePrednisone and other corticosteroids significantly deplete calcium through multiple mechanisms, increasing the risk of...
- Calcium × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium can bind calcium and accelerate intestinal transit, modestly reducing calcium absorption when co-administered.
- Calcium × RabeprazoleModerateAcid suppression may reduce absorption of calcium carbonate more than calcium citrate and long-term PPI therapy is associated...
- Calcium × SpirulinaModerateWhen spirulina (taken for its iron and mineral content) is co-ingested with a calcium supplement, the calcium reduces absorption...
- Calcium × StrontiumModerateStrontium and calcium compete for the same intestinal absorption pathway, and calcium is preferentially absorbed, so taking them...
- Calcium × SucralfateModerateCalcium supplements can compete for binding and add to the burden of poorly absorbed minerals when taken with sucralfate.
- Calcium × Valproic AcidModerateValproic acid has been linked with lower bone mineral density in people with epilepsy, particularly with longer treatment...
- Calcium × Vitamin D2ModerateVitamin D2 increases how much dietary and supplemental calcium the gut absorbs, which is beneficial for bone health at sensible...
- Calcium × Vitamin K2ModerateK2 activates osteocalcin to direct calcium to bones and matrix GLA protein to prevent arterial calcification. Essential when...
- Calcium × Vitamin K2 MK-4ModerateK2 activates osteocalcin to direct calcium to bones and matrix GLA protein to prevent arterial calcification. Essential when...
- Calcium × ZincModerateHigh-dose calcium can reduce zinc absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Zinc CarnosineModerateHigh-dose calcium can reduce zinc carnosine absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × Zinc PicolinateModerateHigh-dose calcium can reduce zinc picolinate absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate × IronModerateThe calcium delivered by Ca-AKG can inhibit absorption of non-heme iron when taken together, an effect well documented for...
- Calcium Carbonate × IronModerateCalcium carbonate can reduce iron absorption when taken at the same time. Human studies show calcium can inhibit both heme and...
- Calcium Carbonate × ZincModerateCalcium carbonate can reduce zinc absorption when taken with the same meal or supplement dose. In a human absorption study, 600...
- Canagliflozin × ChromiumModerateCanagliflozin lowers blood glucose through SGLT2 inhibition and chromium improves insulin sensitivity. The combination is...
- Candesartan × Garlic ExtractModerateGarlic extract can produce a modest blood-pressure-lowering effect. Taken with candesartan, the antihypertensive effects may be...
- Candesartan × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Candesartan.
- Candesartan × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Candesartan.
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × DiphenhydramineModerateTHC-dominant cannabis can add to diphenhydramine-related drowsiness, slowed reaction time, and impaired attention. Cannabis...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × HydroxyzineModerateTHC-dominant cannabis can compound hydroxyzine's sedating and attention-slowing effects. Hydroxyzine has measurable next-day and...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × LatanoprostModerateTHC-dominant cannabis can temporarily lower intraocular pressure, but the effect is short-lived and is not a reliable substitute...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × MelatoninModerateBoth promote sedation, so taken together they can cause additive drowsiness, grogginess, and next-day impairment.
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × PromethazineModerateTHC-dominant cannabis can add to promethazine-related sedation, slowed reactions, and impaired coordination. Promethazine...
- Cannabis (THC-Dominant) × Valerian RootModerateValerian and THC-dominant cannabis both have sedative properties, so combining them can cause additive central nervous system...
- Captopril × Garlic ExtractModerateGarlic extract has modest blood-pressure-lowering properties and may add to the antihypertensive effect of captopril. While this...
- Captopril × IronModerateOral iron salts can react with captopril, which contains a free sulfhydryl (thiol) group, forming a complex that reduces...
- Captopril × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Captopril.
- Captopril × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Captopril.
- Carbamazepine × MethylfolateModerateCarbamazepine depletes folate through enzyme induction effects on folate metabolism. Folate deficiency during carbamazepine...
- Carbamazepine × PhenytoinModerateBoth are potent CYP enzyme inducers that affect each other's metabolism. Phenytoin can decrease carbamazepine levels, while...
- Carbamazepine × Vitamin B6ModerateCarbamazepine and other enzyme-inducing antiseizure drugs have been linked with lower vitamin B6 status. Low B6 can contribute...
- Carbamazepine × Vitamin B9ModerateCarbamazepine reduces folate levels by inhibiting intestinal absorption and increasing hepatic folate catabolism. Folate...
- Carbamazepine × Vitamin D3ModerateCarbamazepine induces CYP enzymes that accelerate vitamin D metabolism, leading to deficiency, reduced calcium absorption, and...
- Carvedilol × TaurineModerateTaurine modestly lowers blood pressure and heart rate and has heart-rate physiology effects. Combined with carvedilol (which...
- Cat's Claw × Fish OilModerateBoth agents have mild antiplatelet activity, so combining them may modestly increase bleeding tendency, especially with...
- Cefdinir × ProbioticsModerateCefdinir can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Cefdinir × ZincModerateZinc supplements supply divalent zinc cations that can chelate cefdinir in the gastrointestinal tract by the same mechanism that...
- Cefixime × IronModerateOral iron salts can reduce the absorption of cefixime by forming poorly soluble chelates in the gastrointestinal tract,...
- Cefixime × ProbioticsModerateCefixime can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Cefixime × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Cefixime therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with higher...
- Cefpodoxime × IronModerateOral iron supplements may reduce the absorption of cefpodoxime. Beyond simple chelation, cefpodoxime proxetil requires an acidic...
- Cefpodoxime × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium-containing supplements and antacids can reduce cefpodoxime absorption. Magnesium hydroxide antacids in particular...
- Cefpodoxime × ProbioticsModerateCefpodoxime can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Cefpodoxime × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Cefpodoxime therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with...
- Cefpodoxime × ZincModerateOral zinc supplements may reduce cefpodoxime absorption through formation of poorly absorbed metal-drug complexes in the gut. As...
- Ceftriaxone × Vitamin K2ModerateCeftriaxone suppresses vitamin K-producing gut bacteria and has been associated with hypoprothrombinemia and bleeding,...
- Cefuroxime × IronModerateOral iron salts can form insoluble chelates with cephalosporin antibiotics and may also raise gastric pH, both of which can...
- Cefuroxime × ProbioticsModerateCefuroxime can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Cefuroxime × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Cefuroxime therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with...
- Cefuroxime × ZincModerateOral zinc, a divalent cation, can chelate cephalosporins and reduce their gastrointestinal absorption. Although best...
- Celecoxib × Curcumin PhytosomeModerateCurcumin phytosome may add antiplatelet activity to celecoxib in people with additional bleeding risks. Celecoxib is less...
- Celecoxib × Fish OilModerateFish oil has mild antiplatelet effects and may add bleeding risk to celecoxib in higher-risk situations. Modern randomized-trial...
- Celecoxib × Ginkgo BilobaModerateGinkgo biloba may add bleeding risk to celecoxib, particularly in people who also take aspirin or have ulcer history. Celecoxib...
- Celecoxib × ResveratrolModerateResveratrol may increase celecoxib exposure and also has antiplatelet effects, creating a plausible safety concern. A human...
- Celecoxib × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateBoth celecoxib and curcumin inhibit COX-2. Combined use may provide additive anti-inflammatory effects but also increases the...
- Cephalexin × Vitamin K2ModerateBroad-spectrum antibiotics including cephalosporins suppress vitamin K-producing gut bacteria, which can lower endogenous...
- Cerebrolysin × Fish OilModerateFish oil may modestly increase bruising risk around injections or acute neurologic events.
- Cerebrolysin × Ginkgo BilobaModerateGinkgo is used for cognition and may increase bleeding risk, complicating neurologic and procedural care.
- Cerebrolysin × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can affect mood and drug metabolism, complicating neurologic care.
- Chamomile × Ginkgo BilobaModerateChamomile has coumarin-like constituents and ginkgo can increase bleeding tendency.
- Chamomile × MelatoninModerateBoth may promote sleepiness and can cause next-day grogginess.
- Chlorella × Vitamin K1ModerateStacking a vitamin K1 supplement on top of chlorella meaningfully increases total vitamin K1 exposure. For most healthy people...
- Chlorthalidone × L-ArginineModerateL-Arginine can lower blood pressure, and chlorthalidone is a long-acting antihypertensive diuretic. Combining them can produce...
- Chlorthalidone × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline can modestly lower blood pressure through the arginine-nitric oxide pathway. Chlorthalidone has sustained...
- Chlorthalidone × Magnesium CitrateModerateChlorthalidone can cause magnesium depletion during long-term treatment. Magnesium citrate may help replenish magnesium,...
- Chlorthalidone × Magnesium GlycinateModerateLong-term chlorthalidone therapy can lower magnesium as well as potassium. Magnesium glycinate may help replace magnesium when...
- Chlorthalidone × Magnesium MalateModerateChlorthalidone has documented potential to lower magnesium during chronic treatment. Magnesium malate is a magnesium-containing...
- Chlorthalidone × Magnesium TaurateModerateChlorthalidone can lower magnesium and potassium during long-term use. Magnesium taurate may help replenish magnesium stores if...
- Chlorthalidone × PotassiumModerateChlorthalidone commonly lowers serum potassium through renal potassium wasting. Potassium supplementation can be clinically...
- Chlorthalidone × Vitamin D2ModerateChlorthalidone reduces urinary calcium excretion, and Vitamin D2 can increase calcium absorption after metabolic activation....
- Chlorthalidone × Vitamin D3ModerateChlorthalidone can increase serum calcium by lowering urinary calcium excretion, while Vitamin D3 increases intestinal calcium...
- Cholestyramine × IronModerateCholestyramine can bind oral iron in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce its absorption when taken concurrently, potentially...
- Cholestyramine × Vitamin AModerateCholestyramine impairs absorption of fat-soluble vitamin A. Long-term therapy can lower serum vitamin A and beta-carotene...
- Cholestyramine × Vitamin B6ModerateCholestyramine can bind and reduce intestinal absorption of folate, and folate deficiency has been documented with prolonged...
- Cholestyramine × Vitamin D3ModerateCholestyramine can reduce absorption of fat-soluble vitamins including vitamin D.
- Cholestyramine × Vitamin EModerateCholestyramine can reduce absorption of fat-soluble vitamin E during long-term use.
- Chondroitin × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateBoth may have mild antiplatelet effects, so combining them could modestly increase bleeding tendency, particularly in people...
- Chromium × CLAModerateCLA (specifically the t10,c12 isomer in standard 50:50 supplements) has documented potential to reduce insulin sensitivity,...
- Chromium × DapagliflozinModerateDapagliflozin reduces blood glucose by promoting urinary glucose excretion, and chromium improves insulin sensitivity. On...
- Chromium × DulaglutideModerateChromium supplements are used for glucose metabolism, but clinical effects are inconsistent. Adding high-dose glucose-targeted...
- Chromium × EmpagliflozinModerateEmpagliflozin lowers blood glucose by causing urinary glucose excretion. Chromium independently improves insulin sensitivity....
- Chromium × FenugreekModerateFenugreek and chromium are both commonly stacked for blood sugar and metabolic support, and each independently lowers fasting...
- Chromium × GlimepirideModerateChromium improves insulin sensitivity, while glimepiride forces pancreatic insulin release. Combined, the additive effect on...
- Chromium × GlipizideModerateChromium supplementation can lower fasting glucose and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes by improving insulin signaling. Stacked on top...
- Chromium × Insulin GlargineModerateChromium may modestly improve insulin sensitivity in some people with diabetes or insulin resistance. Because insulin glargine...
- Chromium × LevothyroxineModerateChromium supplements, particularly chromium picolinate, have been shown in a small human absorption study to reduce...
- Chromium × LinagliptinModerateLinagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that lowers blood glucose by prolonging endogenous GLP-1 activity. Chromium improves insulin...
- Chromium × LiraglutideModerateChromium supplements are used for glucose metabolism, but clinical effects are inconsistent. Adding high-dose glucose-targeted...
- Chromium × MetforminModerateChromium supplementation enhances insulin sensitivity and may improve glucose metabolism. When combined with metformin, the...
- Chromium × SemaglutideModerateChromium supplements are used for glucose metabolism, but clinical effects are inconsistent. Adding high-dose glucose-targeted...
- Chromium × SitagliptinModerateSitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that lowers blood glucose by prolonging endogenous GLP-1 activity. Chromium improves insulin...
- Chromium × TirzepatideModerateChromium may enhance insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, adding to tirzepatide's glucose-lowering effect.
- Chromium × VanadiumModerateVanadium and chromium both have insulin-sensitizing, glucose-lowering activity, so combining them can produce additive...
- Chromium Picolinate × Insulin GlargineModerateChromium picolinate may modestly improve insulin sensitivity in some people with diabetes or insulin resistance. Because insulin...
- Chromium Picolinate × SemaglutideModerateChromium supplements are used for glucose metabolism, but clinical effects are inconsistent. Adding high-dose glucose-targeted...
- Cimetidine × Green Tea ExtractModerateCimetidine inhibits CYP1A2, the main enzyme that clears caffeine. Caffeine-containing green tea extract taken with cimetidine...
- Cimetidine × IronModerateCimetidine reduces gastric acid and modestly impairs absorption of oral iron salts, particularly ferrous sulfate. The H2 blocker...
- Cimetidine × MelatoninModerateCimetidine is a potent inhibitor of CYP1A2, the main enzyme that clears melatonin. Co-administration can substantially raise...
- Cimetidine × Vitamin B12ModerateCimetidine reduces gastric acid and pepsin secretion enough to impair the release of dietary B12 from food protein. The Kaiser...
- Cinacalcet × Magnesium GlycinateModerateLow magnesium can worsen neuromuscular irritability and arrhythmia risk when hypocalcemia occurs, but supplementation in kidney...
- Cinacalcet × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and may reduce cinacalcet exposure, destabilizing calcium and PTH control.
- Cinacalcet × Vitamin D3ModerateVitamin D therapy can help maintain calcium balance but can also change calcium and phosphate response during cinacalcet...
- Cinnamon Extract × Green Tea ExtractModerateConcentrated extracts can both cause GI upset, and cassia cinnamon plus high-dose EGCG may increase liver-safety concerns.
- Ciprofloxacin × Green Tea ExtractModerateCiprofloxacin inhibits CYP1A2, the same enzyme that metabolizes caffeine present in green tea extract. This inhibition can...
- Citalopram × Ginkgo BilobaModerateCitalopram impairs platelet aggregation by depleting platelet serotonin; Ginkgo's ginkgolides inhibit platelet-activating...
- Citalopram × Rhodiola RoseaModerateCitalopram is serotonergic. Rhodiola has preclinical monoamine and MAO-related findings, but direct human evidence for serotonin...
- Citrulline Malate × Garlic ExtractModerateBoth may lower blood pressure through vascular mechanisms.
- Citrulline Malate × L-CitrullineModerateCitrulline malate already supplies citrulline, so adding L-citrulline can create duplicate high dosing and GI effects.
- Clindamycin × Lactobacillus RhamnosusModerateLactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during clindamycin therapy, which carries one of the highest...
- Clindamycin × ProbioticsModerateClindamycin is one of the highest-risk antibiotics for C. difficile-associated colitis. Probiotic supplementation during...
- Clindamycin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiModerateClindamycin carries one of the highest risks of C. difficile-associated colitis among commonly used antibiotics. Saccharomyces...
- Clonazepam × MelatoninModerateBoth promote sleep through different mechanisms. Combined sedation may cause excessive drowsiness. However, melatonin may help...
- Clonidine × L-TheanineModerateL-Theanine may add to clonidine-related sedation or blood pressure lowering.
- Clonidine × L-TryptophanModerateL-Tryptophan, a serotonin precursor, has sedative and sleep-promoting effects that can add to the somnolence caused by...
- Clonidine × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Clonidine.
- Clonidine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to clonidine-related sedation, dizziness, and blood pressure lowering.
- Clopidogrel × Fish OilModerateFish oil has antiplatelet properties that may add to clopidogrel's platelet inhibition, increasing the overall bleeding risk....
- Clopidogrel × Garlic ExtractModerateGarlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation and have been studied head-to-head with clopidogrel. Combined with clopidogrel's...
- Clopidogrel × Ginger ExtractModerateGinger extract inhibits cyclooxygenase and reduces platelet thromboxane A2 generation. Added to clopidogrel's P2Y12 inhibition,...
- Clopidogrel × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateCurcumin inhibits platelet aggregation through thromboxane A2 synthesis inhibition and GPVI-mediated platelet activation...
- Clozapine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to clozapine-related sedation, dizziness, and impaired coordination.
- Coenzyme Q10 × GemfibrozilModerateGemfibrozil, like statins and other fibrates, can lower circulating coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) concentrations and is associated...
- Coenzyme Q10 × NebivololModerateBeta-blockers, including nebivolol, can inhibit CoQ10-dependent enzymes and may lower endogenous CoQ10 levels (a recognized...
- Coenzyme Q10 × WarfarinModerateCoenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is structurally similar to vitamin K and may reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect in some patients....
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × WarfarinModerateCoQ10 is structurally similar to vitamin K2 (both are quinones) and may partially reduce warfarin's anticoagulant effect....
- Coffee × LevothyroxineModerateCoffee significantly reduces levothyroxine absorption when consumed within 60 minutes of taking the medication. Chlorogenic...
- Colchicine × Vitamin B12ModerateColchicine causes dose-dependent, reversible malabsorption of vitamin B12 by reducing the number of intrinsic factor-vitamin B12...
- Colostrum × IronModerateLactoferrin and other milk proteins from colostrum interact with supplemental iron in the digestive tract. Rather than simply...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × MethylcobalaminModerateMethylcobalamin is the active circulating form of vitamin B12 and is depleted along with other B vitamins during combined oral...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × MethylfolateModerateMethylfolate (5-MTHF) is the active circulating form of folate and is the preferred supplement for women on combined oral...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin B12ModerateCombined oral contraceptives are associated with lower serum vitamin B12 levels in multiple observational and review studies....
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin B6ModerateCombined oral contraceptives lower plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (active vitamin B6) and can contribute to low mood,...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin B9ModerateA systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 studies found that women using combined oral contraceptives had significantly lower...
- Copper × IronModerateCopper is required to mobilize iron for red blood cell production, while prolonged high-dose iron can suppress copper...
- Copper × MolybdenumModerateHigh molybdenum intake can reduce copper bioavailability and accelerate copper depletion, potentially worsening or precipitating...
- Copper × Vitamin CModerateSustained high-dose (gram-level) vitamin C can lower ceruloplasmin oxidase activity and may impair copper status, though effects...
- Creatine × FamciclovirModerateCreatine can raise measured serum creatinine and complicate renal assessment for Famciclovir, which depends on kidney function...
- Creatine × MK-677 (Ibutamoren)ModerateBoth can increase scale weight or water retention signals; MK-677 edema can be clinically important.
- Creatine × Tenofovir DisoproxilModerateCreatine can raise measured serum creatinine and complicate renal assessment for Tenofovir Disoproxil, which depends on kidney...
- Creatine × ValganciclovirModerateCreatine can raise measured serum creatinine and complicate renal assessment for Valganciclovir, which depends on kidney...
- Creatine × VancomycinModerateCreatine can raise measured serum creatinine and complicate renal assessment for Vancomycin, which depends on kidney function...
- Crocin (Saffron Extract) × Rhodiola RoseaModerateRhodiola has mild monoamine-modulating, MAO-inhibiting activity and saffron is serotonergic, so combining them adds to overall...
- Curcumin Phytosome × DiclofenacModerateCurcumin phytosome may add antiplatelet effects to diclofenac's NSAID bleeding risk. Phytosome formulations are intended to...
- Curcumin Phytosome × KPVModerateCurcumin and KPV are both used for inflammation claims and may mask worsening symptoms if serious disease is untreated.
- Curcumin Phytosome × RifampinModerateRifampin can lower exposure to orally administered curcumin, while curcumin may inhibit some enzymes and transporters; the net...
- Dabigatran × Fish OilModerateFish oil's omega-3 fatty acids reduce platelet thromboxane A2 and can prolong bleeding time. Added to dabigatran's direct...
- Dabigatran × Garlic ExtractModerateConcentrated garlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation. Added to dabigatran's direct thrombin inhibition, the antiplatelet...
- Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice (DGL) × IronModerateDGL chewables and powders may reduce reliable iron absorption if taken together before meals.
- Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice (DGL) × PotassiumModerateTrue DGL should have low glycyrrhizin, but contaminated or incompletely deglycyrrhizinated products can lower potassium and...
- Desloratadine × L-TheanineModerateL-theanine may compound mild antihistamine-related fatigue or reduced alertness.
- Desloratadine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin may add to fatigue or somnolence in patients who are sensitive to desloratadine.
- Dexamethasone × PotassiumModerateDexamethasone can precipitate hypokalemia or hypokalemic periodic paralysis in susceptible patients, even though it has little...
- Dexamethasone × SchisandraModerateSchisandra extract can inhibit CYP3A in humans, and dexamethasone exposure rises markedly when CYP3A4 is inhibited. Adding...
- Dexamethasone × StrontiumModerateDexamethasone is a potent glucocorticoid and can contribute to bone loss when exposure is repeated or prolonged. Strontium...
- Dexamethasone × Vitamin D2ModerateDexamethasone is a potent systemic glucocorticoid, and prolonged use can accelerate bone loss. Vitamin D2 can help maintain...
- Dexamethasone × Vitamin D3ModerateDexamethasone rapidly depletes vitamin D stores through CYP24A1 induction. Supplementation is essential.
- DHEA × DIMModerateDHEA and DIM are frequently co-stacked for hormone balance, and the rationale is real: DHEA can raise androgen and estrogen...
- DHEA × PregnenoloneModeratePregnenolone is upstream of DHEA in the steroid cascade; combined use can raise androgens and estrogens additively, requiring...
- DHEA × TestosteroneModerateDHEA is a precursor hormone that can be converted to both testosterone and estrogen. When combined with exogenous testosterone...
- Diclofenac × Fish OilModerateHigh-dose fish oil may add mild antiplatelet effects to diclofenac's GI bleeding risk. Standard omega-3 doses usually do not...
- Diclofenac × Garlic ExtractModerateConcentrated garlic extract may increase bleeding tendency when combined with diclofenac. Diclofenac can injure the GI lining,...
- Diclofenac × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateConcentrated turmeric/curcumin may add antiplatelet effects to diclofenac's GI bleeding risk. Diclofenac can cause NSAID-related...
- Dicloxacillin × ProbioticsModerateDicloxacillin can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may...
- Dicloxacillin × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Dicloxacillin therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with...
- Dicloxacillin × ZincModerateOral zinc can form poorly absorbed complexes with beta-lactam antibiotics. Although best characterized for the antipseudomonal...
- Dicyclomine × L-TheanineModerateL-theanine can be calming and may compound dicyclomine-associated sedation or dizziness.
- Dicyclomine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin may add to dicyclomine-related drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired alertness.
- Dicyclomine × Psyllium HuskModerateBulking fiber can delay absorption of oral drugs and dicyclomine can worsen constipation in some patients.
- Digoxin × Magnesium GlycinateModerateHypomagnesemia increases sensitivity to digoxin toxicity by altering the cardiac sodium-potassium ATPase that digoxin inhibits....
- Dihexa × QuercetinModerateQuercetin has kinase and inflammatory signaling effects that complicate safety interpretation with dihexa.
- Dihexa × ResveratrolModerateResveratrol affects cell-signaling pathways and may confound attempts to interpret an unapproved c-Met-active compound.
- Dihexa × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can alter mood and drug metabolism, complicating neuropsychiatric monitoring.
- Diltiazem × Garlic ExtractModerateAged garlic extract reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure by about 8 and 5 mmHg in hypertensive patients. Combined with...
- Diltiazem × L-TheanineModerateL-Theanine modestly lowers stress-induced blood pressure increases and has mild relaxing effects on vascular tone. Layered on...
- Diltiazem × Magnesium CitrateModerateMagnesium is a physiologic calcium antagonist that lowers blood pressure by about 2/1.8 mmHg at supplemental doses and also...
- Diltiazem × QuercetinModerateQuercetin pretreatment in rabbits roughly doubled the oral bioavailability of diltiazem by inhibiting CYP3A4 and intestinal...
- Diltiazem × ResveratrolModerateResveratrol is a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP3A4 and a P-glycoprotein blocker. In rats, oral resveratrol increased diltiazem...
- Diltiazem × TaurineModerateTaurine produces small but consistent reductions in blood pressure (about 3-4 mmHg systolic in meta-analysis) and slows heart...
- DIM × EstradiolModerateDIM shifts estrogen metabolism toward 2-hydroxy metabolites (less potent), potentially reducing estradiol's effectiveness for...
- DIM × LevothyroxineModerateDIM (diindolylmethane) may affect thyroid hormone metabolism by inducing phase II conjugation enzymes. It can alter the...
- DIM × Milk ThistleModerateDIM shifts estrogen metabolism toward 2-hydroxylation by inducing CYP1A enzymes, while milk thistle silymarin can mildly inhibit...
- DIM × TestosteroneModerateDIM (diindolylmethane) modifies estrogen metabolism by activating CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzymes, shifting estrogen metabolism toward...
- Diphenhydramine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to diphenhydramine's sleepiness and next-day grogginess when both are used as sleep aids. Melatonin has...
- Diphenhydramine × Valerian RootModerateDiphenhydramine can cause meaningful drowsiness, slowed reaction time, anticholinergic confusion, and driving impairment....
- Donepezil × Ginkgo BilobaModerateBoth donepezil and ginkgo biloba have cholinergic and cognitive effects. Some studies have explored the combination, but...
- Dong Quai × Fish OilModerateHigh-dose fish oil may add to bleeding tendency with dong quai.
- Dong Quai × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can alter drug metabolism and complicate hormonal or anticoagulant therapy contexts where dong quai is already...
- Doxepin × L-TheanineModerateL-Theanine may have calming or sedating effects that can add to doxepin.
- Doxepin × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to doxepin-related sedation and next-day impairment.
- Doxycycline × ZincModerateZinc chelates doxycycline, reducing its absorption. While the effect is somewhat less pronounced than with calcium or iron, it...
- DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) × MelatoninModerateBoth target sleep and may increase next-day grogginess or obscure adverse effects.
- Dulaglutide × FenugreekModerateFenugreek fiber can slow carbohydrate absorption and may lower glucose modestly. Dulaglutide also lowers glucose and delays...
- Dutasteride × Saw PalmettoModerateSaw palmetto is used for LUTS/BPH and has proposed antiandrogenic activity that overlaps with dutasteride, a dual...
- Dutasteride × St. John's WortModerateDutasteride exposure is vulnerable to CYP3A-related changes, and St. John's Wort is a clinically important inducer of CYP3A4 and...
- Ecdysterone × Green Tea ExtractModerateStacking multiple concentrated performance extracts increases uncertainty around liver safety and product adulteration.
- Echinacea × SpirulinaModerateStacking spirulina with echinacea produces overlapping, additive immune stimulation. In most healthy people this is...
- EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) × Green Tea ExtractModerateEGCG is the principal catechin in green tea extract, so combining a standalone EGCG product with green tea extract stacks the...
- EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) × IronModerateGreen tea catechins such as EGCG bind non-heme iron in the gut and form poorly absorbed complexes, reducing iron absorption....
- EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) × NACModerateHigh-dose EGCG can be hepatotoxic in susceptible individuals. NAC is hepatoprotective (a glutathione precursor and the antidote...
- Elderberry × IronModerateTaking elderberry at the same time as a non-heme iron supplement can blunt iron uptake because elderberry polyphenols bind iron...
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × IronModerateIron and elderberry zinc lozenges compete for the same absorption pathways when taken together in supplement form.
- Ellagic Acid × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth ellagic acid (and its ellagitannin-rich source extracts) and green tea extract are concentrated polyphenols. Stacking...
- Ellagic Acid × IronModerateEllagic acid and the ellagitannins in pomegranate/berry extracts are polyphenols and tannins that chelate non-heme iron in the...
- Enalapril × ZincModerateEnalapril increases urinary zinc excretion and lowers intracellular zinc in monocytes over months of use. In a 6-month...
- Enalapril × Zinc PicolinateModerateEnalapril increases urinary zinc excretion and lowers intracellular zinc over months of use. Zinc Picolinate is a well-absorbed...
- Enoxaparin × Fish OilModerateFish oil's omega-3 fatty acids reduce platelet thromboxane A2 and prolong bleeding time. Added to enoxaparin's anti-factor Xa...
- Enoxaparin × Garlic ExtractModerateConcentrated garlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation through allicin and related compounds and have been linked to...
- Epicatechin × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth supply catechin-type polyphenols; high-dose stacks can increase GI and liver-safety concerns.
- Epitalon × MelatoninModerateBoth target circadian signaling and may increase vivid dreams or next-day sleepiness.
- Erythromycin × ProbioticsModerateErythromycin can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may...
- Erythromycin × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Erythromycin therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut flora, with...
- Escitalopram × Fish OilModerateEscitalopram impairs platelet aggregation by depleting platelet serotonin stores, and high-dose fish oil adds modest...
- Escitalopram × Ginkgo BilobaModerateEscitalopram impairs platelet aggregation by depleting platelet serotonin; Ginkgo's ginkgolides inhibit platelet-activating...
- Escitalopram × Rhodiola RoseaModerateEscitalopram is serotonergic. Rhodiola has preclinical monoamine and MAO-related findings, but direct human evidence for...
- Esomeprazole × IronModerateEsomeprazole reduces absorption of oral iron, particularly non-heme iron salts like ferrous sulfate that require gastric acid...
- Esomeprazole × Vitamin B12ModerateLong-term esomeprazole therapy reduces vitamin B12 absorption. PPIs suppress the gastric acid and pepsin needed to liberate...
- Esomeprazole × ZincModerateChronic esomeprazole therapy reduces zinc absorption and lowers body zinc stores. In a controlled study, plasma zinc rose 126%...
- Essential Amino Acids × L-TryptophanModerateEAA blends may already contain tryptophan; adding separate tryptophan can increase sedation or serotonergic exposure.
- Evening Primrose Oil × WarfarinModerateEvening primrose oil is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which has documented antiplatelet activity and can prolong bleeding...
- Ezetimibe × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium can delay or reduce absorption of some oral drugs if taken at the same time as Ezetimibe.
- Famotidine × IronModerateFamotidine can reduce absorption of oral iron, especially non-heme iron salts that require gastric acid. In the Kaiser study,...
- Famotidine × Vitamin B12ModerateLong-term famotidine therapy can lower vitamin B12 status by reducing acid-pepsin-dependent release of B12 from food. The Kaiser...
- Febuxostat × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose Vitamin B3 products containing niacin or nicotinic acid can increase serum uric acid and precipitate gout. That effect...
- Felodipine × Garlic ExtractModerateGarlic supplements have modest blood-pressure-lowering activity and can add to the antihypertensive effect of felodipine. The...
- Felodipine × Green Tea ExtractModerateGreen tea catechins can inhibit intestinal organic anion transporting polypeptides and may modestly affect CYP3A4 and...
- Felodipine × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Felodipine.
- Felodipine × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Felodipine.
- Felodipine × QuercetinModerateQuercetin inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein in laboratory and some clinical studies. Because felodipine is a sensitive CYP3A4...
- Fenofibrate × Garlic ExtractModerateFenofibrate has antiplatelet-like effects and is reported to potentiate the action of anticoagulants. Concentrated garlic...
- Fenofibrate × Milk ThistleModerateFenofibrate can elevate liver transaminases and, rarely, cause hepatotoxicity. Milk thistle (silymarin) is taken for liver...
- Fenugreek × Garlic ExtractModerateFenugreek has documented, though mostly preclinical, antiplatelet effects, and garlic extract is a well-established platelet...
- Fenugreek × IronModerateFenugreek's high soluble fiber and polyphenol content can bind non-heme iron in the gut and reduce its absorption when taken...
- Fenugreek × LiraglutideModerateFenugreek fiber can slow carbohydrate absorption and may lower glucose modestly. Liraglutide also lowers glucose and delays...
- Fenugreek × MetforminModerateFenugreek seed extracts (typically standardized to ~50% galactomannan fiber and 4-hydroxyisoleucine) lower fasting glucose and...
- Fenugreek × MoringaModerateStacking moringa with fenugreek can produce a larger drop in blood glucose than either alone because they hit different steps of...
- Fenugreek × SemaglutideModerateFenugreek fiber can slow carbohydrate absorption and may lower glucose modestly. Semaglutide also lowers glucose and delays...
- Fenugreek × TestosteroneModerateFenugreek extracts (especially standardized products like Furosap) modestly raise free testosterone in men in small clinical...
- Fenugreek × TirzepatideModerateFenugreek can lower glucose and slow carbohydrate absorption, while tirzepatide lowers glucose and slows gastric emptying....
- Fenugreek × VanadiumModerateTaken together, vanadium and fenugreek produce an additive blood-glucose-lowering effect documented in experimental diabetic...
- Fexofenadine × Green Tea ExtractModerateGreen tea extract can sharply reduce fexofenadine absorption when taken together. In a randomized crossover study, an EGCG-rich...
- Fexofenadine × QuercetinModerateHigh-dose quercetin can raise fexofenadine exposure. In a controlled volunteer study, quercetin 500 mg three times daily for 7...
- Fexofenadine × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can change fexofenadine exposure through transporter effects. A single St. John's Wort dose increased...
- Finasteride × Saw PalmettoModerateSaw palmetto (Serenoa repens) has antiandrogenic and 5-alpha-reductase-related activity, overlapping with finasteride therapy...
- Finasteride × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can lower finasteride exposure. In healthy men, 14 days of St. John's Wort pretreatment significantly reduced...
- Fish Oil × FluoxetineModerateFluoxetine depletes platelet serotonin and impairs aggregation, while high-dose fish oil adds modest antiplatelet activity....
- Fish Oil × GemfibrozilModerateHigh-dose omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) and gemfibrozil are both used to lower triglycerides and are sometimes co-prescribed....
- Fish Oil × Ginger ExtractModerateBoth reduce platelet aggregation, so the combination can additively increase bleeding tendency, especially with concurrent...
- Fish Oil × Ginkgo BilobaModerateBoth have mild antiplatelet activity; combined chronic use can additively increase bleeding tendency, especially with concurrent...
- Fish Oil × IbuprofenModerateBoth ibuprofen and fish oil have antiplatelet effects. Combined use may modestly increase GI bleeding risk. However, the...
- Fish Oil × Icosapent EthylModerateFish Oil may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Icosapent Ethyl when additional omega-3 products increase...
- Fish Oil × LL-37ModerateFish oil may increase bruising around wounds or procedures where topical or injectable peptide use is being considered.
- Fish Oil × MeloxicamModerateHigh-dose fish oil may add mild antiplatelet activity to meloxicam's GI bleeding risk. Most randomized-trial data do not show...
- Fish Oil × NaproxenModerateNaproxen has stronger antiplatelet effects than most NSAIDs. Combined with fish oil's antiplatelet properties, there is additive...
- Fish Oil × Panax GinsengModeratePanax ginseng has antiplatelet activity, and combining it with high-dose fish oil, which also reduces platelet aggregation, may...
- Fish Oil × ParoxetineModerateParoxetine depletes platelet serotonin stores and impairs aggregation; high-dose fish oil adds antiplatelet activity. Together...
- Fish Oil × Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)ModerateFish oil can add bruising risk around injections or procedures.
- Fish Oil × PrasugrelModerateFish oil's omega-3 fatty acids reduce platelet thromboxane A2 generation and modestly prolong bleeding time. Added to...
- Fish Oil × RivaroxabanModerateFish oil has antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties that may increase bleeding risk when combined with rivaroxaban. The...
- Fish Oil × RutinModerateBoth rutin (and its quercetin metabolite) and the omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil can modestly reduce platelet aggregation. Used...
- Fish Oil × Sea Buckthorn OilModerateCombining multiple fatty acid oils can increase GI side effects and may modestly increase bleeding tendency in susceptible users.
- Fish Oil × SerrapeptaseModerateFish oil has mild antiplatelet activity that can add to serrapeptase's fibrinolytic effect, modestly increasing the chance of...
- Fish Oil × SertralineModerateSertraline depletes platelet serotonin stores and impairs platelet aggregation, raising bleeding risk by roughly 40-55% across...
- Fish Oil × Thymosin Beta-4ModerateFish oil may modestly increase bleeding or bruising tendency, which matters around wounds, procedures, or injections.
- Fish Oil × TicagrelorModerateFish oil's omega-3 fatty acids reduce platelet thromboxane A2 generation and modestly prolong bleeding time. Added to...
- Fish Oil × TocotrienolsModerateHigh-dose fish oil plus vitamin E family supplements may add bleeding tendency.
- Fish Oil × VinpocetineModerateHigh-dose fish oil may modestly increase bleeding tendency and can compound vinpocetine caution.
- Fish Oil × VortioxetineModerateVortioxetine may increase bleeding tendency through serotonin effects on platelets. High-dose fish oil can have mild...
- Fish Oil × WarfarinModerateFish oil may potentiate warfarin's anticoagulant effect through its own antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties. While...
- Fluconazole × Magnesium GlycinateModerateFluconazole can prolong the QT interval, especially at higher doses, in renal impairment, or with other QT-prolonging drugs. Low...
- Fluconazole × Milk ThistleModerateSilymarin from milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4, CYP2C9, UGT enzymes, and P-glycoprotein in vitro, and clinical pharmacokinetic...
- Fluconazole × PotassiumModerateHypokalemia is a major risk factor for QT prolongation and torsades de pointes, and fluconazole independently prolongs the QT...
- Fluconazole × QuercetinModerateQuercetin inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein in vitro and has altered the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 substrates in animal...
- Fluconazole × ResveratrolModerateResveratrol inhibits CYP3A4 in vitro and in animal pharmacokinetic studies, where it has raised plasma exposure of CYP3A4...
- Fluconazole × Saccharomyces BoulardiiModerateSaccharomyces boulardii is itself a yeast (a non-pathogenic strain of S. cerevisiae). Fluconazole has variable activity against...
- Fluconazole × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateCurcumin inhibits CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein in vitro and has altered the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 substrates such as...
- Fluoxetine × Ginkgo BilobaModerateFluoxetine depletes platelet serotonin and impairs aggregation; ginkgo's ginkgolides inhibit platelet-activating factor. The...
- Fluoxetine × PsilocybinModerateFluoxetine substantially blunts psilocybin's psychedelic effects through chronic 5-HT2A receptor downregulation, and its very...
- Fluoxetine × Rhodiola RoseaModerateFluoxetine is serotonergic. Rhodiola has preclinical monoamine and MAO-related findings, but direct human evidence for serotonin...
- Fluticasone Inhaled × SchisandraModerateSchisandra has human evidence of CYP3A inhibition, and fluticasone is highly dependent on CYP3A metabolism. Strong CYP3A...
- Fluticasone Inhaled × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4, and fluticasone is cleared primarily by CYP3A4. Induction may lower systemic and possibly...
- Fluticasone Nasal × SchisandraModerateNasal fluticasone usually has low systemic exposure, but CYP3A inhibition can still increase steroid exposure in susceptible...
- Fluticasone Nasal × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, the main pathway that clears fluticasone. With daily nasal fluticasone, this may lower steroid...
- Fluvoxamine × Ginkgo BilobaModerateFluvoxamine impairs platelet aggregation by depleting platelet serotonin; Ginkgo's ginkgolides inhibit platelet-activating...
- Fluvoxamine × Green Tea ExtractModerateFluvoxamine is a potent CYP1A2 inhibitor, and the caffeine in green tea extracts is metabolized almost entirely by CYP1A2. In...
- Fosfomycin × IronModerateOral iron salts are polyvalent cations known to chelate many antibiotics in the gut. Iron can plausibly bind fosfomycin and...
- Fosfomycin × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium is a divalent cation that can chelate fosfomycin within the gut, similar to the documented interaction with...
- Fosfomycin × ProbioticsModerateFosfomycin can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Fosfomycin × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium can delay or reduce absorption of some oral drugs if taken at the same time as Fosfomycin.
- Fosfomycin × ZincModerateZinc is a divalent cation that, like other metal cations, can chelate fosfomycin in the gut and reduce its absorption. This may...
- Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) × IronModerateFiber can delay or reduce mineral supplement absorption when taken simultaneously.
- Fucoxanthin × Green Tea ExtractModerateBoth are marketed for fat metabolism and may have additive effects on lipid oxidation and thermogenesis. The combination is not...
- Furosemide × Magnesium CitrateModerateFurosemide can increase urinary magnesium loss during chronic therapy. Magnesium citrate may help replete magnesium when levels...
- Furosemide × Magnesium GlycinateModerateFurosemide depletes magnesium through its action on the thick ascending limb, where the majority of magnesium reabsorption...
- Furosemide × Magnesium MalateModerateFurosemide can waste magnesium through the kidney, especially with higher doses or long-term use. Magnesium malate is a...
- Furosemide × Magnesium TaurateModerateFurosemide can cause clinically relevant magnesium depletion by increasing urinary magnesium excretion. Magnesium taurate may...
- Furosemide × MetforminModerateFurosemide can cause volume depletion and renal impairment, which increases the risk of metformin-associated lactic acidosis....
- Furosemide × Vitamin B1ModerateLong-term furosemide therapy can increase urinary thiamine loss and has been linked with biochemical Vitamin B1 deficiency,...
- GABA × KetamineModerateSupplemental GABA used as a calming or sleep aid may add to ketamine's sedative and dissociative load, deepening drowsiness and...
- GABA × LorazepamModerateSupplemental GABA may have sedative effects that could add to lorazepam's CNS depression. Although the extent of oral GABA's...
- GABA × MelatoninModerateCombined use for sleep can produce additive drowsiness and next-morning grogginess, and both lower nighttime arousal.
- GABA × PassionflowerModerateBoth target GABAergic tone, so combining supplemental GABA with passionflower can produce additive calming and sedative effects.
- GABA × Valerian RootModerateAdditive sedation and CNS depression, which can cause excessive drowsiness, especially if combined with alcohol or other...
- Gabapentin × Magnesium CitrateModerateMagnesium can reduce gabapentin absorption when taken at the same time. A controlled pharmacokinetic study using magnesium oxide...
- Gabapentin × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium-containing antacids and supplements reduce gabapentin absorption when taken concurrently. Studies have shown...
- Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) × IronModerateFiber and oligosaccharides may reduce predictable iron supplement absorption when taken together.
- Galantamine × Ginkgo BilobaModerateGinkgo is sometimes used for cognition but may increase bleeding risk and has seizure case reports. Galantamine is used in a...
- Galantamine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add sedation, vivid dreams, or nighttime confusion in dementia patients taking galantamine.
- Galantamine × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4 and may lower exposure to drugs with CYP3A4 metabolism, including galantamine.
- Garlic Extract × Ginger ExtractModerateCombined antiplatelet activity may modestly increase bleeding tendency, particularly in those on anticoagulant or antiplatelet...
- Garlic Extract × Ginkgo BilobaModerateBoth are common in geriatric and cardiovascular use; combined antiplatelet effects are additive.
- Garlic Extract × Hawthorn (Crataegus)ModerateBoth may lower blood pressure and affect platelet activity.
- Garlic Extract × IbuprofenModerateConcentrated garlic extract may add antiplatelet activity to ibuprofen's bleeding risk. This is most relevant with high-dose...
- Garlic Extract × Icosapent EthylModerateGarlic Extract may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Icosapent Ethyl when garlic is combined with omega-3...
- Garlic Extract × MetoprololModerateAged garlic extract lowers systolic blood pressure by roughly 8 mmHg in hypertensive patients, comparable to first-line...
- Garlic Extract × NaproxenModerateConcentrated garlic extract may add antiplatelet effects to naproxen's GI bleeding risk. Naproxen has a relatively strong...
- Garlic Extract × NattokinaseModerateGarlic has antiplatelet activity and nattokinase has fibrinolytic activity, so combining them can additively impair clotting and...
- Garlic Extract × NebivololModerateGarlic extract has a modest antihypertensive effect, particularly aged garlic extract, and may add to the...
- Garlic Extract × NifedipineModerateAged garlic extract lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure by about 8 and 5 mmHg in hypertensive patients. Stacked on top...
- Garlic Extract × Olive Leaf ExtractModerateOlive leaf extract and garlic extract both modestly lower blood pressure, so combined use may produce additive hypotensive...
- Garlic Extract × Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)ModerateGarlic may increase bleeding tendency, which matters around injury, procedures, or injections.
- Garlic Extract × PerindoprilModerateGarlic extract has modest blood-pressure-lowering properties demonstrated in meta-analyses. Combined with perindopril, the...
- Garlic Extract × Pomegranate ExtractModerateBoth may lower blood pressure and have antiplatelet effects.
- Garlic Extract × PrasugrelModerateConcentrated garlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation. Combined with prasugrel's potent irreversible P2Y12 inhibition,...
- Garlic Extract × PropranololModerateGarlic extract lowers blood pressure on its own and, in animal studies, has been shown to potentiate the antihypertensive and...
- Garlic Extract × Pygeum AfricanumModeratePygeum is usually well tolerated, but combining multiple supplements before urologic procedures can complicate bleeding and...
- Garlic Extract × RivaroxabanModerateConcentrated garlic extracts inhibit platelet aggregation and have been linked to perioperative bleeding. Added to rivaroxaban's...
- Garlic Extract × Royal JellyModerateRoyal Jelly and Garlic Extract both lower blood pressure through nitric-oxide-driven vasodilation (Royal Jelly additionally via...
- Garlic Extract × SertralineModerateSertraline depletes platelet serotonin and impairs aggregation; concentrated garlic extracts (allicin, ajoene) inhibit platelet...
- Garlic Extract × TelmisartanModerateGarlic extract has modest blood-pressure-lowering and vasodilatory effects. When combined with telmisartan, the antihypertensive...
- Garlic Extract × TicagrelorModerateConcentrated garlic supplements inhibit platelet aggregation. Combined with ticagrelor's P2Y12 inhibition, garlic supplements...
- Garlic Extract × ValganciclovirModerateGarlic Extract may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Valganciclovir when valganciclovir causes...
- Garlic Extract × VinpocetineModerateGarlic extract can have antiplatelet effects that may add to vinpocetine-related bleeding concerns.
- Garlic Extract × WarfarinModerateGarlic supplements possess antiplatelet properties that may increase bleeding risk when combined with warfarin. Several case...
- Gemfibrozil × Vitamin EModerateHigh-dose vitamin E has antiplatelet/anticoagulant properties and can potentiate bleeding risk. Gemfibrozil itself can...
- GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) × ZincModerateHigh-dose zinc can lower copper status; systemic copper peptide use can make copper-zinc interpretation harder.
- Ginger Extract × NattokinaseModerateBoth have anticoagulant or antiplatelet activity, so combining them may increase bleeding risk, especially alongside...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Grape Seed ExtractModerateUsed together, grape seed extract and ginkgo may additively reduce platelet aggregation and impair clotting. For healthy people...
- Ginkgo Biloba × HaloperidolModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports, and haloperidol can lower seizure threshold in susceptible patients.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Holy Basil/TulsiModerateHoly basil and ginkgo biloba both reduce platelet aggregation, so taking them together can additively impair clotting and...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Huperzine AModerateBoth are commonly used for cognition and can increase headache, dizziness, insomnia, or GI side effects when stacked.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Icosapent EthylModerateGinkgo Biloba may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Icosapent Ethyl when ginkgo is combined with omega-3...
- Ginkgo Biloba × LacosamideModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports and may undermine antiseizure therapy.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Levetiracetam Extended-ReleaseModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports and may counter seizure control.
- Ginkgo Biloba × LevomilnacipranModerateLevomilnacipran may increase bleeding risk, and ginkgo may add mild antiplatelet effects.
- Ginkgo Biloba × LL-37ModerateGinkgo may increase bleeding risk and complicate wound assessment.
- Ginkgo Biloba × MeloxicamModerateGinkgo biloba may add bleeding risk to meloxicam. Meloxicam can still cause NSAID GI injury despite partial COX-2 selectivity,...
- Ginkgo Biloba × NattokinaseModerateCombining ginkgo with nattokinase increases bleeding risk because both reduce the blood's tendency to clot through different...
- Ginkgo Biloba × NoopeptModerateCombining two nootropic products makes headache, dizziness, insomnia, or adverse neurologic effects harder to detect.
- Ginkgo Biloba × OxcarbazepineModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports and is undesirable in patients taking antiseizure medication.
- Ginkgo Biloba × PaliperidoneModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports, and antipsychotics can lower seizure threshold in susceptible patients.
- Ginkgo Biloba × ParoxetineModerateParoxetine depletes platelet serotonin and impairs aggregation; Ginkgo's ginkgolides inhibit platelet-activating factor. The...
- Ginkgo Biloba × PhenobarbitalModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports and may undermine seizure control.
- Ginkgo Biloba × PrimidoneModerateGinkgo may lower seizure threshold and is undesirable with anticonvulsant therapy.
- Ginkgo Biloba × ProchlorperazineModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports, and phenothiazines may lower seizure threshold in susceptible patients.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Pueraria MirificaModerateGinkgo can increase bleeding tendency, and estrogenic botanicals can cause abnormal bleeding in susceptible users.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Red Clover IsoflavonesModerateBoth may increase bleeding concern, especially at higher doses or before surgery.
- Ginkgo Biloba × RivastigmineModerateGinkgo is often used for cognition but may increase bleeding risk and has seizure case reports. Rivastigmine can cause syncope...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Saffron ExtractModerateBoth may have mild antiplatelet or bleeding-risk considerations.
- Ginkgo Biloba × SemaxModerateGinkgo may increase bleeding risk and is often used for cognition, complicating neurologic symptom tracking.
- Ginkgo Biloba × SerrapeptaseModerateGinkgo inhibits platelet-activating factor and serrapeptase is fibrinolytic, so combining them can additively impair hemostasis...
- Ginkgo Biloba × SertralineModerateSertraline depletes platelet serotonin and impairs aggregation, raising bleeding risk. Ginkgo biloba contains ginkgolides that...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Thymosin Beta-4ModerateGinkgo may increase bleeding risk and can complicate wound or procedure recovery.
- Ginkgo Biloba × ValganciclovirModerateGinkgo Biloba may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Valganciclovir when valganciclovir causes...
- Ginkgo Biloba × VilazodoneModerateVilazodone can increase bleeding risk through platelet serotonin effects; ginkgo may also increase bleeding tendency in...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Vitamin EModerateBoth have antiplatelet activity at higher doses; combined use raises bleeding risk in surgical and anticoagulated patients.
- Ginkgo Biloba × Vitamin K1ModerateGinkgo's antiplatelet activity can mildly counter vitamin K1's pro-coagulant role; relevant for warfarin patients managing INR...
- Ginkgo Biloba × VoriconazoleModerateGinkgo biloba has been reported to modestly induce CYP2C19 in some pharmacokinetic studies, and CYP2C19 is a major pathway for...
- Ginkgo Biloba × ZiprasidoneModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports, and antipsychotics including ziprasidone can lower seizure threshold in susceptible patients.
- Ginkgo Biloba × ZonisamideModerateGinkgo has seizure case reports and may undermine antiseizure therapy.
- Glimepiride × Milk ThistleModerateGlimepiride is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9. Silymarin (milk thistle) inhibits CYP2C9 in vitro and has independent...
- Glimepiride × QuercetinModerateQuercetin inhibits CYP2C9 in human studies. Glimepiride is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9. Concentrated quercetin supplements...
- Glipizide × InositolModerateMyo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol improve insulin sensitivity and lower fasting glucose. Glipizide forces pancreatic insulin...
- Glipizide × Milk ThistleModerateGlipizide is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9. Silymarin (milk thistle) inhibits CYP2C9 in vitro and has independent hypoglycemic...
- Glipizide × QuercetinModerateQuercetin is a flavonoid that inhibits CYP2C9 in human studies (it reduced diclofenac CYP2C9-mediated metabolism at 500 mg twice...
- Glucosamine × WarfarinModerate21 spontaneous reports of increased INR with glucosamine use in WHO database.
- Glycerol × PotassiumModerateHyperhydration protocols can alter electrolyte balance, making unsupervised potassium supplementation risky.
- Gotu Kola × Milk ThistleModerateBoth Centella asiatica and milk thistle (silymarin) are botanicals with case-report associations to liver effects. Gotu kola has...
- Gotu Kola × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein and is associated with photosensitivity, while gotu kola is...
- Grape Seed Extract × IronModerateTaken at the same time as an iron supplement, grape seed extract can bind iron in the digestive tract and reduce how much is...
- Grape Seed Extract × NattokinaseModerateBoth can reduce platelet aggregation or affect clotting, so combining them may additively increase bleeding risk.
- Green Tea Extract × HGH Fragment 176-191ModerateWeight-loss supplement stacking can increase adverse-effect burden while efficacy remains unproven.
- Green Tea Extract × IronModerateGreen tea catechins, particularly EGCG, bind non-heme iron in the gut, reducing absorption by up to 60-70%. This is one of the...
- Green Tea Extract × ItraconazoleModerateConcentrated green tea extract has been associated with liver injury, which can complicate use of hepatotoxic drugs such as...
- Green Tea Extract × Levodopa/CarbidopaModerateGreen tea extract can contain concentrated EGCG and other catechins that inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase in preclinical...
- Green Tea Extract × Mucuna PruriensModerateCaffeinated green tea extract can add stimulation and insomnia to dopaminergic mucuna effects.
- Green Tea Extract × Niacin (Prescription)ModerateConcentrated green tea extract has been associated with liver injury, which can complicate use of hepatotoxic drugs such as...
- Green Tea Extract × NiacinamideModerateHigh-dose niacinamide and concentrated green tea extract can both raise liver-safety concerns in susceptible users.
- Green Tea Extract × NoopeptModerateCaffeinated green tea extract can add stimulation, anxiety, insomnia, or palpitations to a CNS-active nootropic.
- Green Tea Extract × Oligonol (Lychee Polyphenol)ModerateBoth Oligonol and green tea extract are concentrated polyphenol products; stacking high doses adds to total polyphenol and, with...
- Green Tea Extract × PropranololModerateGreen tea extract contains caffeine, which propranolol blunts the cardiovascular response to, and vice versa. High-dose green...
- Green Tea Extract × RoflumilastModerateCaffeinated green tea extract may compound roflumilast-associated insomnia, anxiety, tremor, or appetite suppression.
- Green Tea Extract × RosuvastatinModerateRepeated green tea extract significantly reduced systemic rosuvastatin exposure in healthy volunteers. This could reduce or...
- Green Tea Extract × Salmeterol/FluticasoneModerateCaffeinated green tea extract may add to salmeterol-related tremor, palpitations, and insomnia.
- Green Tea Extract × TheacrineModerateGreen tea extract may contain caffeine, creating additive stimulant effects with theacrine.
- Green Tea Extract × VoriconazoleModerateConcentrated green tea extract has been associated with liver injury, which can complicate use of hepatotoxic drugs such as...
- Green Tea Extract × WarfarinModerateGreen tea contains vitamin K1 which can antagonize warfarin's anticoagulant effect. Concentrated green tea extract supplements...
- Haloperidol × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to haloperidol-related sedation, dizziness, and psychomotor impairment.
- Hydralazine × Vitamin B6ModerateLong-term hydralazine can interfere with vitamin B6 biology and has caused pyridoxine-deficiency neuropathy in case reports....
- Hydrochlorothiazide × L-ArginineModerateL-Arginine can lower blood pressure through nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. Hydrochlorothiazide is an antihypertensive...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × L-CitrullineModerateL-Citrulline can increase arginine availability and modestly lower systolic blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide also lowers...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Magnesium CitrateModerateHydrochlorothiazide can increase renal magnesium excretion during chronic therapy. Magnesium citrate may help replace magnesium...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Magnesium GlycinateModerateHCTZ increases renal magnesium excretion, and chronic use can lead to hypomagnesemia. Magnesium depletion can worsen potassium...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Magnesium MalateModerateHydrochlorothiazide may gradually lower magnesium status by increasing urinary losses. Magnesium malate can help replenish...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Magnesium TaurateModerateHydrochlorothiazide can produce chronic magnesium wasting, and magnesium taurate provides magnesium that may help restore...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × PotassiumModerateHydrochlorothiazide can lower serum potassium through renal potassium wasting. Potassium repletion can be clinically useful when...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Vitamin D2ModerateHydrochlorothiazide reduces urinary calcium excretion, and Vitamin D2 can increase calcium absorption after conversion to active...
- Hydrochlorothiazide × Vitamin D3ModerateHydrochlorothiazide can raise serum calcium by reducing urinary calcium loss, while Vitamin D3 increases intestinal calcium...
- Hydroxyzine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to hydroxyzine's sedating effects, especially when hydroxyzine is used at night for itching, anxiety, or...
- Ibandronate × ZincModerateZinc may bind oral ibandronate and reduce absorption if taken too close.
- Ibuprofen × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateConcentrated turmeric/curcumin may add antiplatelet effects to ibuprofen's bleeding risk. Ibuprofen also increases upper GI...
- Icosapent Ethyl × Vitamin EModerateVitamin E may increase bleeding tendency and can be a concern with Icosapent Ethyl when high-dose vitamin E is combined with...
- IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1) × PotassiumModerateInsulin-like signaling can shift potassium into cells during hypoglycemia treatment contexts, making electrolyte self-management...
- Inositol × Insulin GlargineModerateMyo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol may improve insulin signaling and glucose handling. Because insulin glargine provides basal...
- Inositol × Lithium OrotateModerateInositol counteracts part of lithium's proposed mechanism by replenishing the inositol pool that lithium depletes, which may...
- Inulin × IronModerateHigh-fiber doses may reduce or delay mineral supplement absorption when taken together.
- Iodine × LithiumModerateLithium concentrates in the thyroid and inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis. Iodine supplementation in lithium-treated patients...
- Iodine × Lithium OrotateModerateLithium and iodine both affect the thyroid gland, and using them together can increase the likelihood of hypothyroidism or...
- Iodine × MoringaModerateMoringa is a mild goitrogen: its glucosinolate-derived thiocyanate competes with iodide at the same thyroid transporter (NIS),...
- Iodine × SeleniumModerateSelenium is critical for thyroid hormone metabolism. Selenoproteins (deiodinases) convert T4 to active T3, and glutathione...
- Iron × ItraconazoleModerateOral iron salts are best absorbed in an acidic environment and are sometimes taken with antacids or co-administered with...
- Iron × LactoferrinModerateLactoferrin binds iron and may influence iron absorption or handling; extra iron is inappropriate in iron overload.
- Iron × LansoprazoleModerateLansoprazole reduces absorption of non-heme iron salts that require gastric acid for dissolution. The Kaiser study of 77,000...
- Iron × Magnesium CitrateModerateMagnesium and iron can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium and iron can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron × Magnesium L-ThreonateModerateMagnesium and iron can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron × Magnesium MalateModerateMagnesium and iron can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron × Magnesium TaurateModerateMagnesium and iron can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron × ManganeseModerateIron and manganese compete for shared intestinal absorption pathways, so high-dose iron can reduce manganese uptake, and...
- Iron × Marshmallow RootModerateMarshmallow root mucilage can reduce reliable iron absorption when taken together.
- Iron × Oligonol (Lychee Polyphenol)ModerateLike other proanthocyanidin-rich polyphenols, Oligonol can bind non-heme iron in the gut and reduce its absorption when taken at...
- Iron × OmeprazoleModerateOmeprazole reduces gastric acid production, which is essential for converting dietary and supplemental iron to its absorbable...
- Iron × PantoprazoleModeratePantoprazole suppresses gastric acid, reducing the acidic environment needed for efficient iron absorption. Long-term use can...
- Iron × Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum (Sunfiber)ModerateSoluble fiber can reduce or delay mineral supplement absorption when taken at the same time.
- Iron × PerindoprilModerateACE inhibitors are associated with a dry cough thought to involve bradykinin and substance P accumulation. Small studies suggest...
- Iron × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium soluble fiber forms a viscous gel in the gut that can bind iron and slow its absorption, lowering the effective dose...
- Iron × QuinaprilModerateOral iron salts can chelate ACE inhibitors in the gastrointestinal tract, and quinapril's magnesium carbonate formulation may...
- Iron × RabeprazoleModerateRabeprazole can reduce non-heme iron absorption, making oral iron response less reliable.
- Iron × RutinModerateRutin is a polyphenol that can chelate non-heme iron and form poorly absorbed complexes in the gut, potentially reducing the...
- Iron × ShilajitModerateShilajit's fulvic acid enhances mineral absorption and shilajit itself supplies some iron, so combining it with an iron...
- Iron × Slippery ElmModerateSlippery elm mucilage can reduce reliable iron absorption if taken together.
- Iron × Soy IsoflavonesModerateSoy foods and phytates can reduce non-heme iron absorption when taken together with iron supplements.
- Iron × StrontiumModerateTaking strontium and an oral iron supplement at the same time can lower how much of each you actually absorb. This mirrors the...
- Iron × SucralfateModerateSucralfate can bind iron in the gut and may reduce iron absorption or the absorption of other oral medications taken with iron.
- Iron × ValganciclovirModerateValganciclovir (the oral prodrug of ganciclovir) commonly causes dose-limiting myelosuppression, including anemia. People taking...
- Iron × Whey ProteinModerateDairy calcium and some protein matrices can reduce non-heme iron absorption when taken together.
- Iron × ZincModerateIron and zinc compete for the same absorption pathways when taken together in supplement form.
- Iron × Zinc CarnosineModerateIron and zinc carnosine compete for the same absorption pathways when taken together in supplement form.
- Iron × Zinc PicolinateModerateIron and zinc picolinate compete for the same absorption pathways when taken together in supplement form.
- Iron Bisglycinate × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium and iron bisglycinate can compete for absorption when taken together. Separate for optimal absorption of both.
- Iron Bisglycinate × ZincModerateIron Bisglycinate and zinc compete for the same absorption pathways when taken together in supplement form.
- Isoniazid × L-TryptophanModerateIsoniazid is a weak, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase. Combining it with high doses of L-tryptophan, a precursor to...
- Isoniazid × Vitamin B6ModerateIsoniazid functionally antagonizes pyridoxine and can cause peripheral neuropathy; vitamin B6 supplementation prevents this in...
- Isosorbide Mononitrate × L-ArginineModerateIsosorbide mononitrate and L-arginine both increase nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. In a human crossover study, L-arginine...
- Isosorbide Mononitrate × L-CitrullineModerateL-citrulline increases L-arginine availability and can lower blood pressure through nitric oxide pathways. Isosorbide...
- Jujube × MelatoninModerateBoth may support sleep and can cause additive drowsiness.
- Ketamine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin taken as a sleep aid can add to ketamine's sedating effects, increasing drowsiness and impairing alertness and...
- Ketamine × Valerian RootModerateValerian root has sedative-hypnotic activity that can add to ketamine's central depressant and dissociative effects, increasing...
- Krill Oil × WarfarinModerateKrill oil contains the same omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) as fish oil, which reduce platelet thromboxane A2 and may prolong...
- L-Arginine × MetoprololModerateL-Arginine is a nitric oxide precursor that lowers blood pressure on its own. Stacked with metoprolol's beta1 blockade, the...
- L-Arginine × NitroglycerinModerateNitroglycerin and L-arginine both increase nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. Using them together can add to blood pressure...
- L-Arginine × SildenafilModerateL-arginine is a nitric oxide precursor, and sildenafil enhances NO/cGMP signaling by inhibiting PDE5. Combined use can cause...
- L-Arginine × TadalafilModerateSame mechanism as sildenafil + L-arginine. Tadalafil has a 36-hour half-life, making the interaction window much longer than...
- L-Arginine × TamsulosinModerateL-Arginine can modestly lower blood pressure by increasing nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. Tamsulosin can also cause...
- L-Arginine × Timolol OphthalmicModerateL-Arginine can modestly lower blood pressure through nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. Timolol eye drops can be systemically...
- L-Citrulline × LabetalolModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Labetalol.
- L-Citrulline × MetoprololModerateL-Citrulline is converted to L-arginine and raises plasma arginine more efficiently than arginine itself, producing...
- L-Citrulline × NebivololModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Nebivolol.
- L-Citrulline × NitroglycerinModerateL-citrulline raises circulating L-arginine and can support nitric-oxide-mediated blood pressure lowering. Nitroglycerin also...
- L-Citrulline × Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)ModeratePDA is marketed as an arginate salt and related BPC-157 animal data involve nitric oxide pathways; L-citrulline can raise nitric...
- L-Citrulline × PerindoprilModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Perindopril.
- L-Citrulline × QuinaprilModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Quinapril.
- L-Citrulline × SilodosinModerateL-citrulline can increase nitric oxide availability and may add to silodosin-related dizziness or orthostatic hypotension.
- L-Citrulline × TamsulosinModerateL-Citrulline raises plasma arginine and can lower blood pressure through nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. Tamsulosin has a...
- L-Citrulline × TelmisartanModerateL-Citrulline may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Telmisartan.
- L-Citrulline × Timolol OphthalmicModerateL-Citrulline increases arginine availability and can modestly lower blood pressure. Timolol eye drops can reach systemic...
- L-Citrulline × VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)ModerateL-citrulline can increase nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation and may add to VIP-related flushing or low blood pressure.
- L-Glutamine × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium forms a viscous gel that slows gastric emptying and small-bowel transit, which may trap free amino acids and...
- L-Methionine × Vitamin B6ModerateVitamin B6 is the obligate cofactor for the transsulfuration enzymes that clear the homocysteine generated when L-Methionine is...
- L-Theanine × LacosamideModerateL-Theanine may add calming effects to lacosamide-related somnolence or dizziness.
- L-Theanine × Levetiracetam Extended-ReleaseModerateL-Theanine may have calming effects and could add to levetiracetam-related fatigue or dizziness.
- L-Theanine × LevocetirizineModerateL-theanine may compound fatigue or reduced alertness from levocetirizine.
- L-Theanine × LurasidoneModerateL-Theanine may add calming or sedating effects to lurasidone.
- L-Theanine × NicotineModerateL-theanine may blunt the subjective stimulation and arousal from nicotine, but it does not reduce nicotine's addictive potential...
- L-Theanine × PhenobarbitalModerateL-Theanine may add calming or sedating effects to phenobarbital.
- L-Tyrosine × Levodopa/CarbidopaModerateL-tyrosine is a large neutral amino acid and can theoretically compete with levodopa for intestinal and blood-brain barrier...
- Labetalol × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Labetalol.
- Lacosamide × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to lacosamide-related dizziness and somnolence.
- Lactulose × PotassiumModerateLactulose can cause diarrhea when the dose is too high, and excessive laxative effect can lower potassium. A published...
- Lamotrigine × MethylfolateModerateLamotrigine is a weak inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, though clinical studies show minimal effect on serum or RBC folate...
- Lamotrigine × Vitamin B9ModerateLamotrigine is a folate antagonist that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. Long-term use may reduce folate levels. However,...
- Lansoprazole × Vitamin B12ModerateLansoprazole reduces vitamin B12 absorption from food over years of use. The Kaiser Permanente case-control study linked two or...
- Lansoprazole × ZincModerateLong-term lansoprazole therapy reduces zinc absorption and lowers body zinc stores. Controlled data on PPI users showed plasma...
- Larazotide Acetate × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium can change stool form and may bind or delay orally administered products.
- Lavender × MelatoninModerateBoth may promote evening calm or sleepiness.
- Lemon Balm × MelatoninModerateBoth can promote sleepiness and may cause next-day grogginess when combined.
- Levetiracetam × Vitamin B6ModerateLevetiracetam can cause irritability, agitation, mood changes, or aggression in some people. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) has...
- Levetiracetam Extended-Release × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to levetiracetam-related somnolence or dizziness.
- Levocetirizine × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to levocetirizine-related somnolence and next-day impairment.
- Levothyroxine × Magnesium CitrateModerateMagnesium-containing products can interfere with levothyroxine absorption when taken together. The best evidence is for...
- Levothyroxine × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium supplements, particularly magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide (antacid forms), can reduce levothyroxine absorption...
- Levothyroxine × Magnesium L-ThreonateModerateMagnesium L-threonate has not been studied directly with levothyroxine, but it supplies magnesium ions that may interfere with...
- Levothyroxine × Magnesium MalateModerateMagnesium malate may reduce levothyroxine absorption if taken at the same time. Direct studies with this exact magnesium salt...
- Levothyroxine × Magnesium TaurateModerateMagnesium taurate may interfere with levothyroxine absorption when taken together. This is an extrapolation from...
- Levothyroxine × Psyllium HuskModerateFiber supplements, particularly psyllium, can bind levothyroxine in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce its absorption....
- Levothyroxine × Soy IsoflavonesModerateSoy isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) can reduce levothyroxine absorption by binding to the medication in the...
- Levothyroxine × ZincModerateZinc supplements may reduce levothyroxine absorption through chelation in the gastrointestinal tract. While the evidence is less...
- Levothyroxine × Zinc CarnosineModerateZinc carnosine supplies zinc, a divalent mineral that may interfere with levothyroxine absorption if taken at the same time....
- Levothyroxine × Zinc PicolinateModerateZinc picolinate may interfere with levothyroxine absorption if taken together. The evidence is weaker than for calcium or iron,...
- Linezolid × Vitamin B6ModerateVitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is the cofactor for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, the enzyme that converts 5-HTP to serotonin and...
- Lisdexamfetamine × NicotineModerateNicotine and prescription psychostimulants are commonly co-used and can interact behaviorally and physiologically. With...
- Lisdexamfetamine × Vitamin CModerateLisdexamfetamine is converted to dextroamphetamine after absorption, and the active amphetamine exposure can be affected by...
- Lisinopril × ZincModerateACE inhibitors as a class increase urinary zinc excretion and lower intracellular zinc over months of use. A systematic review...
- Lisinopril × Zinc PicolinateModerateACE inhibitors as a class increase urinary zinc excretion and lower intracellular zinc over months of use. Zinc Picolinate is a...
- Lithium × Magnesium GlycinateModerateMagnesium may affect lithium excretion and distribution, as both are divalent cations handled by similar renal transport...
- Lithium × PotassiumModerateBoth lithium and potassium are affected by renal excretion mechanisms, and changes in potassium balance can influence lithium...
- Lithium × SertralineModerateWhile SSRIs and lithium are commonly used together in treatment-resistant depression and bipolar disorder, the combination...
- Lithium Orotate × Psyllium HuskModerateTaking psyllium husk concurrently with lithium orotate can blunt lithium absorption and lower its effective dose. This is...
- Lithium/Carbamazepine × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium decreases oral bioavailability of carbamazepine and may reduce lithium levels via adsorption and delayed gastric...
- Loperamide × Psyllium HuskModerateLoperamide and psyllium husk can both reduce loose stool or fecal incontinence, but they work differently and may overcorrect...
- Lorazepam × MelatoninModerateMelatonin's sedative effects can compound lorazepam's CNS depression. While some research suggests melatonin may help facilitate...
- Losartan × St. John's WortModerateLosartan is a prodrug metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 to its active metabolite E-3174, which is 10-40 times more potent than...
- Losartan × ZincModerateA systematic review of antihypertensive therapy and zinc identified increased urinary zinc loss in losartan-treated patients....
- Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide × Vitamin D3ModerateVitamin D3 increases intestinal calcium absorption. Combined with hydrochlorothiazide's calcium-sparing effect on the kidney,...
- Lovastatin × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose Vitamin B3 as niacin can add muscle, liver, and glucose-related adverse effects to statin therapy. Large statin-era...
- Lurasidone × MelatoninModerateMelatonin can add to lurasidone-related somnolence or dizziness.
- Luteolin × St. John's WortModerateLuteolin inhibits several cytochrome P450 enzymes (including CYP3A4 and CYP1A2) and drug transporters, whereas St. John's Wort...
- Magnesium Citrate × NifedipineModerateMagnesium is a physiologic calcium-channel modulator that lowers blood pressure by about 2 mmHg systolic at supplemental doses....
- Magnesium Citrate × PotassiumModerateMagnesium deficiency causes renal potassium wasting. Correcting magnesium is often necessary before potassium levels can...
- Magnesium Citrate × StrontiumModerateStrontium and magnesium taken in the same dose can compete for absorption because both move across the gut as divalent cations...
- Magnesium Glycinate × MetoprololModerateMagnesium acts as a natural calcium channel blocker and can enhance the blood pressure-lowering and heart rate-reducing effects...
- Magnesium Glycinate × Mycophenolate MofetilModerateMagnesium/aluminum antacids can reduce mycophenolate absorption and lower mycophenolic acid exposure; ordinary magnesium...
- Magnesium Glycinate × NebivololModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Nebivolol.
- Magnesium Glycinate × NitrofurantoinModerateMagnesium-containing antacids and supplements have been shown to reduce nitrofurantoin absorption, an effect first demonstrated...
- Magnesium Glycinate × OmeprazoleModerateLong-term omeprazole use (>1 year) has been associated with clinically significant magnesium depletion (hypomagnesemia). The FDA...
- Magnesium Glycinate × PantoprazoleModerateLong-term pantoprazole use can cause hypomagnesemia, similar to other PPIs. The FDA warning about PPI-induced magnesium...
- Magnesium Glycinate × PerindoprilModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Perindopril.
- Magnesium Glycinate × PotassiumModerateMagnesium deficiency causes renal potassium wasting. Correcting magnesium is often necessary before potassium levels can...
- Magnesium Glycinate × QuinaprilModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Quinapril.
- Magnesium Glycinate × SucralfateModerateMagnesium products may interfere with sucralfate binding behavior and can reduce the predictability of other oral drug absorption.
- Magnesium Glycinate × TelmisartanModerateMagnesium Glycinate may add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of Telmisartan.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Tenofovir DisoproxilModerateTenofovir disoproxil can cause proximal renal tubular dysfunction (a Fanconi-like syndrome) that produces urinary wasting of...
- Magnesium Glycinate × VancomycinModerateIntravenous vancomycin is nephrotoxic, particularly at high troughs or with prolonged courses, and renal impairment alters the...
- Magnesium Glycinate × VerapamilModerateBoth verapamil and magnesium block calcium channels. Combined use can cause excessive bradycardia, hypotension, and AV...
- Magnesium Glycinate × VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)ModerateMagnesium can lower blood pressure in some users and may add to VIP-related dizziness.
- Magnesium L-Threonate × PotassiumModerateMagnesium deficiency causes renal potassium wasting. Correcting magnesium is often necessary before potassium levels can...
- Magnesium Malate × PotassiumModerateMagnesium deficiency causes renal potassium wasting. Correcting magnesium is often necessary before potassium levels can...
- Magnesium Taurate × PotassiumModerateMagnesium deficiency causes renal potassium wasting. Correcting magnesium is often necessary before potassium levels can...
- Magnolia Bark × MelatoninModerateBoth can promote sleepiness and may cause next-day grogginess.
- Manganese × ZincModerateZinc and manganese compete for shared intestinal absorption pathways, so taking high doses together can modestly reduce the...
- Marshmallow Root × Psyllium HuskModerateBoth are gel-forming fibers and can worsen bloating, constipation, or swallowing risk if fluid is inadequate.
- Medroxyprogesterone × Vitamin D3ModerateVitamin D adequacy is essential for the bone-protective effect of calcium during DMPA use. Without adequate vitamin D, dietary...
- Melatonin × OxcarbazepineModerateMelatonin may add to oxcarbazepine-related dizziness and somnolence.
- Melatonin × PaliperidoneModerateMelatonin may add to paliperidone-related somnolence or dizziness.
- Melatonin × PassionflowerModeratePassionflower adds GABAergic sedation on top of melatonin's sleep-promoting effect, increasing overall drowsiness and...
- Melatonin × PramipexoleModeratePramipexole can cause daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep episodes, and melatonin can add bedtime sedation and next-day...
- Melatonin × PrimidoneModerateMelatonin can add to primidone and phenobarbital-metabolite sedation.
- Melatonin × ProchlorperazineModerateMelatonin can add to prochlorperazine-related sedation, dizziness, and psychomotor impairment.
- Melatonin × PromethazineModerateMelatonin can add to promethazine-related drowsiness, slowed reaction time, and next-day grogginess. Promethazine significantly...
- Melatonin × QuetiapineModerateBoth quetiapine and melatonin have sedative properties, and their combination produces additive CNS depression. Quetiapine is...
- Melatonin × ReishiModerateBoth have sedative properties. Reishi contains triterpenes that modulate GABAergic signaling. Combined with melatonin, may cause...
- Melatonin × RivastigmineModerateMelatonin can add sleepiness or dizziness to rivastigmine-related syncope or fall risk.
- Melatonin × RopiniroleModerateRopinirole can cause somnolence and sudden sleep episodes, and melatonin can add sleep-promoting effects. This may be useful for...
- Melatonin × SermorelinModerateBoth are often used at night and may cause sleepiness or obscure sleep-related adverse effects.
- Melatonin × SolifenacinModerateMelatonin may add to solifenacin-associated somnolence or dizziness.
- Melatonin × TheophyllineModerateTheophylline can worsen insomnia and may counter sleep-promoting strategies such as melatonin.
- Melatonin × TolterodineModerateMelatonin may add to tolterodine-associated somnolence or dizziness.
- Melatonin × Valerian RootModerateValerian root and melatonin both promote sleep through different mechanisms, so combining them can produce additive sedation and...
- Melatonin × ZiprasidoneModerateMelatonin can add to ziprasidone-related somnolence, dizziness, and impaired coordination.
- Melatonin × ZolpidemModerateBoth zolpidem and melatonin promote sleep through different mechanisms. Combined use may cause excessive sedation but is...
- Melatonin × ZonisamideModerateMelatonin can add to zonisamide-related somnolence, dizziness, or cognitive slowing.
- Meloxicam × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateConcentrated turmeric/curcumin may add antiplatelet effects to meloxicam's bleeding risk. Meloxicam can still injure the GI...
- Metformin × MethylcobalaminModerateMetformin reduces serum vitamin B12 by impairing calcium-dependent ileal absorption of B12-intrinsic factor complexes....
- Metformin × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium forms a viscous gel that slows gastric emptying and can bind oral drugs in the gut, modestly reducing their absorption....
- Metformin × Vitamin B12ModerateLong-term metformin use (typically >6 months) reduces vitamin B12 absorption by 10-30%, leading to deficiency in up to 30% of...
- Methotrexate × MethylfolateModerateFolic acid supplementation is standard of care during methotrexate therapy. Methotrexate is a folate antagonist that depletes...
- Methotrexate × Vitamin B9ModerateVitamin B9 supplementation reduces common methotrexate side effects such as mouth sores, nausea, elevated liver enzymes, and...
- Methylcobalamin × Vitamin B9ModerateB9 (folate) and B12 work together in the methionine cycle. B12 deficiency can be masked by high folate intake.
- Methylfolate × PhenytoinModeratePhenytoin depletes folate levels through increased catabolism and impaired absorption, potentially causing megaloblastic anemia....
- Methylfolate × Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleModerateTrimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and can cause folate deficiency with prolonged use, particularly in people with...
- Methylfolate × Valproic AcidModerateValproic acid has been associated with disturbances in one-carbon metabolism and higher homocysteine in epilepsy studies....
- Methylfolate × Vitamin B12ModerateB9 (folate) and B12 work together in the methionine cycle. B12 deficiency can be masked by high folate intake.
- Methylphenidate × NicotineModerateNicotine can add sympathetic stimulation to methylphenidate and may increase the likelihood of repeated co-use. The combination...
- Methylprednisolone × PotassiumModerateHigh-dose or pulse methylprednisolone can disturb potassium handling and has been associated with clinically relevant rhythm...
- Methylprednisolone × SchisandraModerateSchisandra extract has human evidence of inhibiting CYP3A activity, and methylprednisolone exposure is highly sensitive to CYP3A...
- Methylprednisolone × StrontiumModerateMethylprednisolone can cause bone loss when used repeatedly or chronically. Strontium supplements can raise apparent DXA bone...
- Methylprednisolone × Vitamin D2ModerateChronic methylprednisolone exposure can reduce bone density and raise fracture risk. Vitamin D2 can help maintain vitamin D...
- Methylprednisolone × Vitamin D3ModerateMethylprednisolone accelerates vitamin D catabolism. Vitamin D supplementation is standard care for glucocorticoid-induced...
- Metoprolol × TaurineModerateTaurine modestly lowers both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (~3 mmHg each in meta-analysis) and has direct...
- Milk Thistle × Niacin (Prescription)ModerateHigh-dose prescription niacin, especially sustained- or extended-release formulations, can cause dose-dependent hepatotoxicity...
- Milk Thistle × PterostilbeneModerateBoth pterostilbene and silymarin from milk thistle are metabolized by hepatic conjugation enzymes (glucuronidation and...
- Milk Thistle × RifampinModerateRifampin is hepatotoxic and silymarin from milk thistle is often taken for liver support; combining them can obscure or...
- Milk Thistle × VoriconazoleModerateMilk thistle (silymarin) has been reported to modulate CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 activity in some experimental settings, and these...
- Mucuna Pruriens × Rhodiola RoseaModerateBoth can feel activating and may worsen anxiety, insomnia, palpitations, or agitation.
- Naproxen × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateConcentrated turmeric/curcumin may add antiplatelet activity to naproxen's GI bleeding risk. Naproxen has a relatively strong...
- Nattokinase × Royal JellyModerateBoth supplements independently lower the body's clotting capacity, Royal Jelly by potentiating anticoagulation (as shown in a...
- Nattokinase × SerrapeptaseModerateCombining these two fibrinolytic enzymes produces additive breakdown of fibrin and a higher risk of bruising, prolonged...
- Nebivolol × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort is a broad inducer of drug-metabolizing enzymes. While nebivolol is primarily a CYP2D6 substrate, St. John's...
- Nicotine × PseudoephedrineModeratePseudoephedrine and nicotine can both raise heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic tone. Pseudoephedrine has a measurable...
- Nicotine × Vitamin CModerateNicotine and smoking markedly increase oxidative stress and lower plasma vitamin C levels, so nicotine users often have depleted...
- Nifedipine × ResveratrolModerateResveratrol inhibits CYP3A4 and intestinal P-glycoprotein, and in rats it raised nicardipine AUC 111-126% via both mechanisms....
- Nystatin × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium can delay or reduce absorption of some oral drugs if taken at the same time as Nystatin.
- Omeprazole × Vitamin B12ModerateLong-term omeprazole use significantly impairs vitamin B12 absorption. Gastric acid and pepsin are required to release B12 from...
- Omeprazole × ZincModerateLong-term omeprazole therapy reduces zinc absorption and lowers body zinc stores. In one controlled study, plasma zinc rose 126%...
- Oxcarbazepine × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort is an inducer of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein. Oxcarbazepine also induces CYP3A4, so the combination can amplify...
- Pantoprazole × Vitamin B12ModeratePantoprazole, like all PPIs, impairs vitamin B12 absorption by suppressing gastric acid needed to release B12 from food...
- Pantoprazole × ZincModerateLong-term pantoprazole reduces zinc absorption and lowers body zinc stores, mirroring the class effect documented for other...
- Paroxetine × Rhodiola RoseaModerateParoxetine is serotonergic. Rhodiola has preclinical monoamine and MAO-related findings, but direct human evidence for serotonin...
- Passionflower × Valerian RootModerateBoth herbs are sedative and GABAergic, so combining them produces additive drowsiness and CNS depression, an effect used in some...
- Penicillin V Potassium × PotassiumModeratePenicillin V is formulated as the potassium salt and therefore contributes a small potassium load with each dose. Combining it...
- Penicillin V Potassium × ProbioticsModeratePenicillin V Potassium can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected...
- Penicillin V Potassium × Vitamin K1ModerateProlonged Penicillin V Potassium therapy can contribute to reduced vitamin K status in susceptible patients by altering gut...
- Phenytoin × Vitamin B12ModeratePhenytoin therapy is associated with lower vitamin B12 levels and higher homocysteine in multiple studies. B12 deficiency can...
- Phenytoin × Vitamin B6ModerateEnzyme-inducing antiseizure drugs such as phenytoin have been associated with vitamin B6 deficiency. Low B6 can contribute to...
- Phenytoin × Vitamin B9ModeratePhenytoin depletes folate and folate supplementation may reduce phenytoin levels. This bidirectional interaction requires...
- Phenytoin × Vitamin D3ModeratePhenytoin is a potent CYP enzyme inducer that accelerates vitamin D catabolism through increased 24-hydroxylase activity....
- Pine Bark Extract × TamsulosinModerateTamsulosin can cause orthostatic hypotension, especially when it is started or restarted. Pine bark extract products such as...
- Pine Bark Extract × WarfarinModeratePine bark extract (pycnogenol) inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces thromboxane generation. Combined with warfarin, these...
- Potassium × PrednisoloneModeratePrednisolone can promote potassium loss or potassium shifts in susceptible patients, especially at higher systemic doses or when...
- Potassium × PrednisoneModeratePrednisone can promote potassium loss or potassium shifts in susceptible patients, especially at higher systemic doses,...
- Potassium × Sodium BicarbonateModerateLarge bicarbonate sodium loads can affect fluid and electrolyte balance, making potassium supplementation context important.
- Potassium × Stinging Nettle RootModerateNettle leaf can have diuretic and mineral effects; root products are different, but mislabeled mixed products may affect fluid...
- Potassium × Tenofovir DisoproxilModerateTenofovir disoproxil-induced proximal renal tubular dysfunction can cause urinary potassium wasting and hypokalemia, sometimes...
- Potassium × TopiramateModerateTopiramate can cause renal carbonic anhydrase inhibition, metabolic acidosis, low urinary citrate, and sometimes low potassium,...
- Potassium × TorsemideModerateTorsemide can lower potassium in some patients, and potassium replacement may be required when hypokalemia is documented.
- Potassium × ZonisamideModeratePotassium citrate or alkali therapy may be used medically for acidosis or stones, but unsupervised potassium can be unsafe.
- Pramlintide × Psyllium HuskModeratePsyllium forms a viscous gel that can slow carbohydrate absorption and delay or bind some oral products. Pramlintide slows...
- Pravastatin × QuercetinModerateQuercetin increased pravastatin exposure in a human study by inhibiting OATP1B1-mediated transport. The average increase was...
- Pravastatin × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose Vitamin B3 as niacin can increase adverse effects when added to statin therapy, even though pravastatin has fewer...
- Prednisolone × StrontiumModeratePrednisolone can accelerate bone loss during prolonged therapy. Strontium supplements can artifactually elevate DXA bone density...
- Prednisolone × Vitamin D2ModeratePrednisolone increases fracture risk when used chronically by accelerating bone loss. Vitamin D2 can help maintain vitamin D...
- Prednisolone × Vitamin D3ModerateChronic prednisolone use increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Vitamin D3 helps maintain calcium absorption and is...
- Prednisone × StrontiumModeratePrednisone can cause clinically important bone loss when used chronically. Strontium supplements may make DXA bone density...
- Prednisone × Vitamin D2ModerateLong-term prednisone therapy can cause rapid bone loss and increase fracture risk. Vitamin D2 can help maintain vitamin D status...
- Prednisone × Vitamin D3ModeratePrednisone impairs vitamin D metabolism and reduces its active form (calcitriol) production. This contributes to decreased...
- Prednisone × ZincModeratePrednisone causes zinc depletion through increased urinary zinc excretion, mediated by HPA axis disruption. Chronic...
- Pregabalin × Valerian RootModerateBoth pregabalin and valerian have sedating properties. Pregabalin binds alpha-2-delta calcium channel subunits; valerian...
- Pregnenolone × Tongkat AliModerateStacking Pregnenolone (a precursor that sits at the very top of the steroidogenesis cascade) with Tongkat Ali (which supports...
- Primidone × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort adds enzyme induction to primidone's enzyme-inducing metabolite burden and can reduce exposure to many...
- Probiotics × ValganciclovirModerateValganciclovir is used heavily in immunosuppressed populations such as solid-organ and stem-cell transplant recipients, and it...
- Probiotics × VancomycinModerateVancomycin can suppress or kill bacterial probiotic organisms if taken at the same time, although selected probiotics may lower...
- Psilocybin × SertralineModerateSertraline blocks the serotonin transporter and occupies postsynaptic 5-HT2A receptors over time, blunting psilocybin's intended...
- Psilocybin × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort has serotonergic and weak monoamine-oxidase-modulating activity, so combining it with the serotonergic...
- Psyllium Husk × RaloxifeneModerateLarge doses of soluble fiber can reduce or delay absorption of some oral drugs and may make raloxifene exposure less predictable.
- Psyllium Husk × Slippery ElmModerateBoth are gel-forming fibers and can cause bloating, constipation, or swallowing risk if fluid is inadequate.
- Psyllium Husk × ZincModeratePsyllium gel can bind zinc in the intestinal lumen, reducing the fraction of zinc absorbed when the two are taken at the same...
- Pterostilbene × QuercetinModerateQuercetin inhibits several CYP450 enzymes and the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein. Co-administration could alter the...
- Pueraria Mirifica × Saw PalmettoModerateBoth are used for hormone-related goals and may complicate assessment of breast, menstrual, prostate, or endocrine symptoms.
- Pueraria Mirifica × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort may alter metabolism of many drugs and hormone therapies, making estrogenic supplement effects harder to predict.
- Quercetin × RoflumilastModerateQuercetin can inhibit some CYP enzymes and transporters in vitro, which could make roflumilast tolerability less predictable.
- Quercetin × SilodosinModerateHigh-dose quercetin may inhibit CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein and could increase silodosin exposure.
- Quercetin × SolifenacinModerateHigh-dose quercetin may inhibit CYP3A4 or transporters and could increase solifenacin adverse effects.
- Quercetin × TolterodineModerateHigh-dose quercetin may inhibit CYP3A4 or transporters, potentially increasing tolterodine exposure in some patients.
- Quercetin × VerapamilModerateIn rabbits, quercetin roughly doubled both the Cmax and AUC of verapamil by inhibiting CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein. Verapamil...
- Quercetin × WarfarinModerateQuercetin and its metabolites strongly displace warfarin from human serum albumin, which can transiently raise free (active)...
- Quetiapine × Valerian RootModerateValerian root has GABAergic and sedative properties that can produce additive CNS depression when combined with quetiapine. The...
- Rabeprazole × Vitamin B12ModerateRabeprazole can reduce absorption of food-bound vitamin B12 during prolonged therapy.
- Resveratrol × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateBoth polyphenols have antiplatelet activity, so combining them may additively reduce platelet aggregation and increase bleeding...
- Rhodiola Rosea × SemaxModerateRhodiola can be stimulating and may add to semax-related agitation or insomnia.
- Rhodiola Rosea × SertralineModerateSertraline is serotonergic. Rhodiola has preclinical monoamine and MAO-related findings, but direct human evidence for serotonin...
- Rhodiola Rosea × TheacrineModerateRhodiola can feel activating and may add to theacrine-related stimulation.
- Rifampin × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort and rifampin are both strong induction concerns for drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters; the main danger...
- Rifampin × Vitamin D3ModerateRifampin can accelerate vitamin D catabolism during prolonged therapy and may contribute to low vitamin D or bone risk.
- Rifampin × Vitamin K1ModerateRifampin can alter vitamin K dependent anticoagulation control and prolonged antibiotic therapy may affect vitamin K status.
- Risedronate × ZincModerateZinc, like calcium, iron, and magnesium, is a divalent cation that can complex with risedronate in the gut and reduce its...
- Rivaroxaban × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateCurcumin has antiplatelet properties that may increase bleeding risk when combined with rivaroxaban. The additive effect on...
- Rosuvastatin × Vitamin B3ModerateHigh-dose niacin combined with rosuvastatin increases myopathy risk. Clinical trials have shown that adding niacin to statin...
- Salmeterol/Fluticasone × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and may lower exposure to CYP3A4 substrates, potentially making controller response less...
- Saw Palmetto × WarfarinModerateSaw palmetto has been linked to coagulopathy and excessive surgical bleeding in case reports, including hematuria and...
- Saw Palmetto × Wild YamModerateBoth are marketed for hormone-related goals, but wild yam has weak evidence and the combination may encourage unsupervised...
- Sea Buckthorn Oil × Vitamin EModerateSea buckthorn oil contains tocopherols, and high-dose vitamin E may add bleeding-risk concerns.
- Selenium × Vitamin CModerateHigh-dose vitamin C may reduce selenite to elemental selenium, which is not absorbable. Does not affect selenomethionine forms.
- Selenium × Vitamin C LiposomalModerateHigh-dose vitamin C may reduce selenite to elemental selenium, which is not absorbable. Does not affect selenomethionine forms.
- Serrapeptase × Turmeric/CurcuminModerateSerrapeptase has fibrinolytic activity and curcumin has antiplatelet activity, so the combination can additively reduce clotting...
- Shilajit × ZincModerateTaking a standalone zinc supplement at the exact same time as Shilajit can change zinc bioavailability because the fulvic and...
- Sildenafil × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort induces CYP3A4, the primary enzyme metabolizing sildenafil. This can reduce sildenafil effectiveness.
- Silodosin × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein and may reduce silodosin exposure.
- Simvastatin × Vitamin B3ModerateThe combination of high-dose niacin with simvastatin carries an elevated risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Simvastatin...
- Solifenacin × St. John's WortModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and may reduce solifenacin exposure, decreasing bladder symptom control.
- St. John's Wort × SuvorexantModerateSuvorexant exposure is sensitive to CYP3A modulation, and St. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4. Combining them may lower suvorexant...
- St. John's Wort × TadalafilModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4, the main metabolic pathway for tadalafil. This may lower tadalafil exposure and reduce its...
- St. John's Wort × TheophyllineModerateSt. John's Wort may induce drug-metabolizing pathways and make theophylline exposure less predictable.
- St. John's Wort × TolterodineModerateSt. John's Wort may induce CYP3A4 and reduce tolterodine exposure, lowering symptom control.
- St. John's Wort × Wild YamModerateSt. John's Wort can reduce effectiveness of many medications, including hormonal therapies, while wild yam users may be treating...
- St. John's Wort × ZolpidemModerateSt. John's Wort can induce CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, while zolpidem is partly cleared through CYP3A-mediated metabolism. The...
- Sucralfate × ZincModerateSucralfate can physically bind oral minerals; zinc taken at the same time may have less predictable absorption.
- Sulfasalazine × Vitamin B9ModerateSulfasalazine can reduce folate absorption and inhibit folate-dependent enzymes. Most people do not develop severe deficiency,...
- Taurine × VerapamilModerateTaurine lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure by about 3-4 mmHg in meta-analysis and has direct heart-rate-lowering...
- Testosterone × Tongkat AliModerateEurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali) significantly raises serum total testosterone in healthy and hypogonadal men in a...
- Thymosin Beta-4 × Vitamin EModerateHigh-dose vitamin E may increase bruising risk around injections or procedures.
- Tocotrienols × Vitamin EModerateCombining tocotrienols with high-dose vitamin E can increase total vitamin E exposure and bleeding risk.
- Topiramate × Vitamin CModerateTopiramate increases kidney-stone risk by causing alkaline urine and hypocitraturia. High-dose vitamin C can increase urinary...
- Topiramate × Vitamin D3ModerateTopiramate can reduce vitamin D levels and increase kidney stone risk. Vitamin D supplementation helps prevent bone loss but the...
- Trazodone × Valerian RootModerateValerian root acts on GABA-A receptors via valerenic acid, producing sedation. Trazodone is itself a strongly sedating...
- Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole × Vitamin B9ModerateTrimethoprim is a folate antagonist that can lower host folate stores during prolonged therapy, particularly in patients with...
- Turmeric/Curcumin × WarfarinModerateCurcumin may inhibit platelet aggregation and has shown anticoagulant properties in vitro and in animal studies. When combined...
- Valganciclovir × Vitamin CModerateGanciclovir, the active form of valganciclovir, is renally cleared and can be nephrotoxic, with kidney impairment requiring dose...
- Valganciclovir × ZincModerateValganciclovir frequently causes neutropenia and other cytopenias. High-dose or prolonged zinc supplementation can induce copper...
- Valproic Acid × Vitamin D3ModerateLong-term valproic acid use has been associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lower bone mineral density, especially in...
- Valsartan × ZincModerateA systematic review of zinc and antihypertensive therapy reported that valsartan reduced erythrocyte and plasma zinc...
- Vanadium × Vitamin CModerateVitamin C directly alters the chemistry of co-ingested vanadium by reducing vanadate (V) to vanadyl (IV). This is one of the...
- Vitamin A × Vitamin D3ModerateHigh-dose vitamin A (retinol) can antagonize vitamin D activity by competing for the shared RXR nuclear receptor.
- Vitamin B12 × Vitamin B9ModerateB9 (folate) and B12 work together in the methionine cycle. B12 deficiency can be masked by high folate intake.
- Vitamin B12 × Vitamin CModerateHigh-dose vitamin C (>500mg) may destroy vitamin B12 when taken simultaneously. The acidic environment created by high-dose...
- Vitamin C × ZonisamideModerateHigh-dose vitamin C can increase urinary oxalate in some patients. Zonisamide increases kidney stone risk.
- Vitamin E × Vitamin K1ModerateHigh-dose vitamin E (>400 IU) can antagonize vitamin K-dependent clotting factor activation, increasing bleeding risk.
- Vitamin E × Vitamin K2ModerateHigh-dose vitamin E may reduce K2-dependent protein carboxylation, potentially affecting both bone and cardiovascular K2 benefits.
- Vitamin E × Vitamin K2 MK-4ModerateHigh-dose vitamin E may reduce K2-dependent protein carboxylation, potentially affecting both bone and cardiovascular K2 benefits.
- Vitamin E × WarfarinModerateHigh-dose vitamin E may potentiate warfarin's anticoagulant effect and increase bleeding risk. Vitamin E at high supplemental...
Info
954- 5-HTP × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 (as PLP) is a required cofactor for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, which converts 5-HTP to serotonin.
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × Alpha-GPCInfoAcetyl-L-Carnitine and Alpha-GPC act on complementary halves of the same acetylcholine-synthesis pathway, so they are commonly...
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × Alpha-Lipoic AcidInfoBoth improve mitochondrial function in aging models; the classic Hagen and Ames protocol pairs them for cellular energy support.
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × CarvedilolInfoAcetyl-L-carnitine supports fatty-acid oxidation and mitochondrial function in cardiac muscle. Carvedilol partially inhibits...
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × Coenzyme Q10InfoBoth support mitochondrial energy production through complementary mechanisms; combined use is common in cardiovascular and...
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × L-CarnitineInfoCombining L-Carnitine with Acetyl-L-Carnitine is largely redundant because they draw on and replenish the same carnitine pool....
- Acetyl-L-Carnitine × MetoprololInfoAcetyl-L-carnitine supports cardiac mitochondrial function and modestly lowers diastolic blood pressure. Combined with...
- Acitretin × Fish OilInfoAcitretin can raise triglycerides, and fish oil may help reduce retinoid-associated hypertriglyceridemia. Direct evidence is...
- Acitretin × Fish Oil Triple StrengthInfoConcentrated fish oil may help manage triglyceride elevations during acitretin therapy. Evidence comes from systemic retinoid...
- Acyclovir × L-LysineInfoL-lysine is used by some patients as adjunctive prophylaxis against herpes simplex recurrences, working by a different mechanism...
- Acyclovir × QuercetinInfoQuercetin has demonstrated antiviral activity against HSV-1 in vitro and in animal models, primarily by interfering with viral...
- Acyclovir × ReishiInfoGanoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides have antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro, and a small clinical study...
- Acyclovir × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C has in vitro antiviral activity against HSV and supports immune function, and a topical ascorbate solution showed...
- Acyclovir × ZincInfoTopical zinc sulfate has shown benefit for recurrent herpes labialis in small placebo-controlled trials, and zinc has...
- Agmatine Sulfate × TaurineInfoBoth are non-stimulant pre-workout or neuromodulatory ingredients, but direct synergy evidence is limited.
- Alcohol × LoratadineInfoLoratadine is much less sedating than older antihistamines, and controlled testing did not find meaningful driving or...
- Alendronate × Vitamin D3InfoAdequate vitamin D status is essential for alendronate to work properly. In a multi-year cohort, women whose 25(OH)D rose the...
- Alendronate × Vitamin K2InfoAlendronate plus vitamin K2 produces greater suppression of undercarboxylated osteocalcin and modestly better bone outcomes than...
- Allopurinol × IronInfoThe interaction between allopurinol and iron is primarily theoretical. In animal studies, allopurinol increased hepatic iron...
- Allopurinol × Vitamin CInfoAllopurinol promotes oxidative stress that can deplete plasma ascorbate levels. Vitamin C supplementation may help offset this...
- Alpha-GPC × Bacopa MonnieriInfoBacopa monnieri and Alpha-GPC both support cholinergic function through different routes, and are frequently stacked to enhance...
- Alpha-GPC × CreatineInfoBoth enhance physical and cognitive performance. Creatine buffers ATP in muscles and brain; Alpha-GPC supports cholinergic...
- Alpha-GPC × Lion's ManeInfoLion's mane promotes NGF for neuroplasticity while Alpha-GPC provides choline for acetylcholine synthesis. Synergistic cognitive...
- Alpha-GPC × Vitamin B5InfoB5 (pantothenic acid) is required for acetyl-CoA synthesis, which combines with choline (from Alpha-GPC) to form acetylcholine.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Anthocyanins (Bilberry Extract)InfoAlpha-lipoic acid and bilberry anthocyanins are complementary antioxidants sometimes combined for microvascular and retinal...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × BerberineInfoBoth improve insulin sensitivity through AMPK activation. ALA also supports glucose uptake via GLUT4 translocation.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Berberine HClInfoBoth improve insulin sensitivity through AMPK activation. ALA also supports glucose uptake via GLUT4 translocation.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × CarnosineInfoBoth compounds counter glycation and carbonyl stress through complementary routes, so they may offer additive anti-AGE and...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × ChromiumInfoCombining chromium with alpha-lipoic acid may improve insulin sensitivity and cellular glucose uptake more than either taken...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Coenzyme Q10InfoBoth support mitochondrial function. CoQ10 is essential for the electron transport chain; ALA is a cofactor for mitochondrial...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Coenzyme Q10 UbiquinolInfoBoth support mitochondrial function. CoQ10 is essential for the electron transport chain; ALA is a cofactor for mitochondrial...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × CreatineInfoAlpha-lipoic acid increases skeletal muscle uptake and storage of creatine, raising total creatine and phosphocreatine content...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × L-CarnitineInfoL-Carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid are a classic mitochondrial-support pairing. Animal aging studies (notably the Ames and Hagen...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × L-GlutathioneInfoAlpha-lipoic acid raises intracellular glutathione and, with glutathione, participates in a regenerating antioxidant cycle that...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × LisinoprilInfoAlpha-Lipoic Acid lowers blood pressure modestly and improves endothelial function. The QUALITY study found that the blood...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × MitoQ (Mitoquinone)InfoBoth MitoQ and alpha-lipoic acid act as mitochondrial-associated antioxidants. Stacking multiple potent antioxidants that target...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × NACInfoBoth support glutathione recycling. ALA regenerates glutathione from its oxidized form, while NAC provides the cysteine...
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Vitamin B5InfoPantothenate (B5) also uses the SMVT transporter and may compete with alpha-lipoic acid for absorption.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Vitamin CInfoALA regenerates vitamin C from its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate) back to ascorbate.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoALA regenerates vitamin C from its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate) back to ascorbate.
- American Ginseng × L-TheanineInfoAmerican ginseng can acutely sharpen working memory and reaction time, while L-theanine promotes calm focus by increasing alpha...
- Amiodarone × Coenzyme Q10 UbiquinolInfoAmiodarone has mitochondrial effects, and CoQ10 is involved in mitochondrial electron transport. Direct evidence that CoQ10...
- Amlodipine × Coenzyme Q10InfoCoQ10 produces a small but consistent reduction in systolic blood pressure (about 3-5 mmHg) and improves endothelial function,...
- Amlodipine × Coenzyme Q10 UbiquinolInfoUbiquinol is the reduced, more bioavailable form of CoQ10 and produces the same modest blood-pressure-lowering and endothelial...
- Amlodipine × Fish OilInfoOmega-3 fatty acids in fish oil produce small but consistent reductions in blood pressure (about 2-3 mmHg systolic at doses of...
- Amlodipine × Vitamin D3InfoIn patients with documented vitamin D deficiency and hypertension, vitamin D supplementation produces a small additional...
- Amoxicillin × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoLactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea in patients on amoxicillin, with the strongest pediatric...
- Amoxicillin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during amoxicillin therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- Amoxicillin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during amoxicillin therapy and is unaffected by the antibiotic...
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoLactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces the elevated antibiotic-associated diarrhea risk associated with amoxicillin-clavulanate,...
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate × ProbioticsInfoAmoxicillin-clavulanate has notably higher rates of antibiotic-associated diarrhea than plain amoxicillin, largely due to the...
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii reduces the elevated antibiotic-associated diarrhea risk of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Because it is a...
- Andrographis × Vitamin CInfoBoth are used for respiratory symptom support with different mechanisms.
- Andrographis × ZincInfoBoth are used for common cold support and may target different immune pathways.
- Anthocyanins (Bilberry Extract) × IronInfoPolyphenols including anthocyanins and other flavonoids can chelate non-heme iron in the gut and reduce its absorption when...
- Anthocyanins (Bilberry Extract) × QuercetinInfoQuercetin and bilberry anthocyanins are both flavonoids with overlapping antioxidant and vascular-stabilizing actions, and they...
- Anthocyanins (Bilberry Extract) × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C and bilberry anthocyanins are complementary antioxidants. Ascorbate can help regenerate and stabilize flavonoid...
- Apigenin × Magnesium CitrateInfoBoth promote relaxation and sleep through GABAergic and glutamate-modulating pathways.
- Apigenin × Magnesium GlycinateInfoBoth promote relaxation and sleep through GABAergic and glutamate-modulating pathways.
- Apigenin × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoBoth promote relaxation and sleep through GABAergic and glutamate-modulating pathways.
- Apigenin × Magnesium MalateInfoBoth promote relaxation and sleep through GABAergic and glutamate-modulating pathways.
- Apigenin × Magnesium TaurateInfoBoth promote relaxation and sleep through GABAergic and glutamate-modulating pathways.
- Apigenin × MelatoninInfoApigenin is a natural flavonoid that binds GABA-A benzodiazepine receptors, promoting sleep through a different mechanism than...
- Apigenin × NMNInfoNMN raises NAD+ substrate; apigenin inhibits CD38, the enzyme that consumes NAD+. Combined effect on whole blood NAD+ may be...
- Artemisinin × BerberineInfoBerberine and artemisinin have shown complementary antiparasitic and antimicrobial activity in some preclinical studies,...
- Artemisinin × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCurcumin has been studied as a complementary partner to artemisinin, with preclinical data suggesting added antiparasitic and...
- Ashwagandha × Bacopa MonnieriInfoBacopa monnieri and Ashwagandha are traditionally combined in Ayurvedic practice for cognition and stress, with Bacopa...
- Ashwagandha × Crocin (Saffron Extract)InfoBoth adaptogenic/mood-supportive botanicals target stress and mood through partly distinct mechanisms, so they may be combined...
- Ashwagandha × D-Aspartic AcidInfoBoth are marketed for supporting testosterone and male reproductive parameters and may act through complementary pathways on the...
- Ashwagandha × DHEAInfoDHEA raises androgens; ashwagandha modestly raises testosterone in men. Combined use can compound androgenic effects.
- Ashwagandha × Holy Basil/TulsiInfoBoth are adaptogenic herbs with stress-modulating effects; combined use is common in HPA-axis support stacks.
- Ashwagandha × IronInfoAshwagandha root contains natural iron and has been shown to support healthy iron levels and hemoglobin formation in traditional...
- Ashwagandha × Iron BisglycinateInfoAshwagandha has limited human research involving vitality and hematologic markers, but it is not an iron source and is not a...
- Ashwagandha × L-TheanineInfoBoth are studied for relaxation, perceived-stress, and calm-focus markers; direct combination evidence is limited.
- Ashwagandha × Magnesium CitrateInfoBoth promote relaxation and support sleep quality through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Magnesium GlycinateInfoBoth promote relaxation and support sleep quality through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoBoth promote relaxation and support sleep quality through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Magnesium MalateInfoBoth promote relaxation and support sleep quality through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Magnesium TaurateInfoBoth promote relaxation and support sleep quality through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Panax GinsengInfoPanax ginseng (stimulating adaptogen) and Ashwagandha (calming adaptogen) are sometimes paired so that daytime stress resilience...
- Ashwagandha × ReishiInfoBoth support immune modulation and stress adaptation through complementary mechanisms.
- Ashwagandha × Rhodiola RoseaInfoBoth are adaptogens studied for perceived-stress or fatigue markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- Ashwagandha × SchisandraInfoSchisandra and ashwagandha are both adaptogens that help regulate the stress axis and lower perceived stress, with complementary...
- Ashwagandha × ShilajitInfoShilajit and ashwagandha are frequently paired as complementary adaptogens, with shilajit supporting cellular energy and free...
- Ashwagandha × Tongkat AliInfoTongkat ali raises testosterone in low-T men; ashwagandha lowers cortisol that suppresses testosterone. Combined effect on male...
- Ashwagandha × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoAshwagandha adds adaptogenic, stress-lowering and modest androgen-supportive effects that complement Tribulus, with additive...
- Ashwagandha × Wild YamInfoBoth are sometimes marketed for hormone balance despite limited direct evidence for this pairing.
- Astaxanthin × Evening Primrose OilInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Astaxanthin.
- Astaxanthin × Fish OilInfoAstaxanthin is fat-soluble and absorbs best with dietary fat. It also protects omega-3 fatty acids from oxidation.
- Astaxanthin × Fish Oil Triple StrengthInfoAstaxanthin is fat-soluble and absorbs best with dietary fat. It also protects omega-3 fatty acids from oxidation.
- Astaxanthin × Flaxseed OilInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Astaxanthin.
- Astaxanthin × Hyaluronic AcidInfoAstaxanthin reduces oxidative stress that drives hyaluronic acid breakdown, helping preserve skin hydration and elasticity when...
- Astaxanthin × Krill OilInfoKrill oil naturally contains astaxanthin, which protects its PUFAs from oxidation. Additional astaxanthin further enhances...
- Astaxanthin × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Astaxanthin.
- Astaxanthin × Omega-7InfoTaking astaxanthin together with an Omega-7 oil softgel improves astaxanthin bioavailability by providing the dietary fat its...
- Astaxanthin × Vitamin EInfoBoth are lipophilic antioxidants but work at different positions in cell membranes. Astaxanthin is 6000x more potent than...
- Atenolol × Coenzyme Q10InfoLike other beta-blockers, atenolol inhibits mitochondrial CoQ10-dependent enzymes, contributing to fatigue and reduced exercise...
- Atenolol × Fish OilInfoFish oil (EPA/DHA) at 2-3 g/day produces small reductions in blood pressure and lowers triglycerides, complementing atenolol's...
- Atenolol × MelatoninInfoBeta-blockers suppress nocturnal melatonin production. Atenolol, being beta-1 selective, has a moderate effect on melatonin...
- Atorvastatin × Coenzyme Q10InfoAtorvastatin can lower circulating CoQ10 because cholesterol and CoQ10 synthesis share the mevalonate pathway. Lower CoQ10 is...
- Atorvastatin × Coenzyme Q10 UbiquinolInfoAtorvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, which also reduces endogenous CoQ10 synthesis. Statin-induced CoQ10 depletion may...
- Atorvastatin × Fish OilInfoFish oil omega-3 fatty acids can add triglyceride lowering to statin therapy. Randomized studies of high-dose omega-3 fatty...
- Atorvastatin × Ginkgo BilobaInfoA human study found that high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract modestly lowered atorvastatin exposure, including a larger drop in peak...
- Atorvastatin × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium husk can add LDL-lowering benefit to statin therapy through a non-statin mechanism. A randomized atorvastatin study and...
- Azithromycin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during azithromycin therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- Azithromycin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during azithromycin therapy and is unaffected by the antibiotic...
- Bacopa Monnieri × CiticolineInfoThe pair supports cholinergic function from two directions, with Citicoline supplying precursor for acetylcholine and membrane...
- Bacopa Monnieri × Ginkgo BilobaInfoGinkgo and bacopa support cognition through complementary routes, and combining them may produce additive memory and...
- Bacopa Monnieri × L-TheanineInfoBacopa monnieri and L-theanine are commonly combined for cognitive support, with Bacopa supporting memory consolidation and...
- Bacopa Monnieri × Lion's ManeInfoThe pair supports neuroplasticity by different means, with Lion's Mane stimulating neurotrophic factor production and Bacopa...
- Bacopa Monnieri × PhosphatidylserineInfoPhosphatidylserine supports neuronal membrane integrity and stress-axis modulation while Bacopa Monnieri enhances cholinergic...
- Bacopa Monnieri × Rhodiola RoseaInfoBoth are adaptogenic and cognition-supporting herbs, and combining them may give additive benefits for stress resilience and...
- Banaba Leaf (Corosolic Acid) × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium slows carbohydrate absorption and may complement banaba for post-meal glucose.
- BCAAs × CreatineInfoBoth support resistance training adaptations through different pathways; combined use is common in performance protocols.
- BCAAs × HMBInfoHMB is a metabolite of leucine, so BCAAs and HMB act on related anabolic and anti-catabolic pathways to support muscle protein...
- BCAAs × L-TyrosineInfoPeople take L-tyrosine to support catecholamine production for focus, alertness, and stress resilience. Because tyrosine and...
- Bee Pollen × Vitamin CInfoBee pollen contains flavonoids and polyphenols whose antioxidant activity can be complemented by vitamin C, supporting a mild...
- Beetroot Extract (Dietary Nitrate) × TaurineInfoTaurine may complement vascular tone and exercise performance support.
- Bempedoic Acid × BerberineInfoBerberine may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Bempedoic Acid.
- Bempedoic Acid × Coenzyme Q10InfoCoenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is frequently used by patients on cholesterol-lowering therapy because statins deplete endogenous...
- Bempedoic Acid × Fish OilInfoBempedoic acid lowers LDL cholesterol via inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase, while prescription-grade omega-3 fatty acids...
- Bempedoic Acid × Garlic ExtractInfoAged garlic extract produces modest reductions in LDL and total cholesterol and is sometimes used by patients pursuing...
- Bempedoic Acid × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium Husk may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Bempedoic Acid.
- Bempedoic Acid × Vitamin CInfoBempedoic acid can raise serum uric acid by competing with uric acid for renal tubular secretion via OAT2, and gout has been...
- Berberine × EvolocumabInfoBerberine is taken by some patients to lower LDL cholesterol and improve glycemic measures. Mechanistically it is of interest...
- Berberine × EzetimibeInfoBerberine may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Ezetimibe.
- Berberine × FenofibrateInfoBerberine may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Fenofibrate.
- Berberine × Garlic ExtractInfoGarlic and berberine both lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides through different mechanisms, giving additive lipid-lowering...
- Berberine × InositolInfoInositol improves insulin sensitivity in PCOS; berberine improves it via AMPK activation. Combined effect on HOMA-IR, fasting...
- Berberine × Milk ThistleInfoMilk thistle (silymarin) inhibits CYP enzymes that metabolize berberine, potentially increasing its bioavailability and duration...
- Berberine × Nicotinamide RibosideInfoBoth NR and berberine are promoted for metabolic and mitochondrial support, but they act through different mechanisms (NAD+...
- Berberine × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium fiber and berberine both lower postprandial glucose and LDL cholesterol through complementary mechanisms, and combining...
- Berberine × Sodium ButyrateInfoBerberine alters the gut microbiota and has been associated with shifts in short-chain fatty acid production, while supplemental...
- Berberine × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCurcumin and berberine share overlapping anti-inflammatory pathways (NF-kB inhibition) and both have glucose-lowering effects....
- Berberine HCl × Milk ThistleInfoMilk thistle (silymarin) inhibits CYP enzymes that metabolize berberine hcl, potentially increasing its bioavailability and...
- Bergamot (Citrus Bergamia) Extract × Coenzyme Q10InfoCoQ10 is often paired with lipid-lowering strategies to support mitochondrial function, though direct bergamot-CoQ10 outcome...
- Beta-Alanine × CreatineInfoCreatine enhances ATP regeneration while beta-alanine buffers intracellular acid (via carnosine) during high-intensity exercise....
- Beta-Alanine × HMBInfoBeta-alanine combined with HMB has shown additive benefits for lean mass and performance in training studies.
- Beta-Alanine × L-CitrullineInfoBeta-alanine and L-citrulline are frequently combined and may give complementary gains in high-intensity and endurance...
- Beta-Carotene × EsomeprazoleInfoGastric acid contributes to the dispersion and absorption of beta-carotene from food. In a crossover study, raising gastric pH...
- Beta-Carotene × IronInfoBeta-carotene can enhance the absorption of nonheme (plant-form) iron when the two are taken together with food. Human...
- Beta-Carotene × LycopeneInfoTaking beta-carotene and lycopene together in the same dose reduces the short-term absorption of each, because they compete for...
- Beta-Carotene × OmeprazoleInfoOmeprazole-induced hypochlorhydria reduces the absorption of beta-carotene. In a crossover trial, raising gastric pH above 4.5...
- Beta-Carotene × Vitamin EInfoBeta-carotene and vitamin E are complementary antioxidants that protect different cellular compartments, and vitamin E can help...
- Beta-Glucan × ProbioticsInfoBeta-glucans and probiotics may support complementary gut-immune pathways.
- Beta-Glucan × Vitamin CInfoBoth are used for immune resilience and may be complementary.
- Beta-Sitosterol × Psyllium HuskInfoBoth can lower LDL-C through intestinal mechanisms when taken with meals.
- Beta-Sitosterol × Saw PalmettoInfoBoth are common in BPH formulas and may provide complementary urinary symptom support.
- Beta-Sitosterol × Vitamin D3InfoHigh-dose plant sterols can modestly reduce absorption of some fat-soluble dietary compounds; clinically important vitamin D...
- Betaine HCL × CalciumInfoIn individuals with reduced gastric acid output, calcium carbonate and similar insoluble calcium salts are poorly absorbed...
- Betaine HCL × Digestive EnzymesInfoBetaine HCL and digestive enzymes are commonly combined to support digestion, with the acidic environment from betaine HCL...
- Betaine HCL × IronInfoBetaine HCL lowers stomach pH, which can improve the solubility and absorption of non-heme iron, particularly in people with low...
- Betaine HCL × Vitamin B12InfoAdequate stomach acid is needed to release vitamin B12 from food proteins, so betaine HCL may support B12 liberation and...
- Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 × Garlic ExtractInfoHigh-dose garlic extract has antimicrobial properties and may worsen gas when combined with probiotics in sensitive users.
- Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 × ProbioticsInfoAdditional probiotic strains may complement 35624 but can increase gas and obscure which strain helps.
- Bifidobacterium longum BB536 × ProbioticsInfoCombining BB536 with other probiotic strains may broaden microbiome effects but can increase gas or make attribution difficult.
- Bifidobacterium longum BB536 × ZincInfoZinc and probiotics may both support mucosal immune function, though direct BB536-zinc trial data are limited.
- Bisoprolol × Coenzyme Q10InfoBeta-blockers as a class inhibit mitochondrial CoQ10-dependent enzymes, contributing to fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance....
- Bisoprolol × MelatoninInfoBeta-1 selective blockers like bisoprolol moderately suppress melatonin. Supplementation can help with sleep disturbance.
- Black Cohosh × CalciumInfoCalcium complements black cohosh in the menopausal setting by supporting bone density, which black cohosh does not address while...
- Black Cohosh × Vitamin D3InfoPairing black cohosh for menopausal vasomotor symptoms with vitamin D3 addresses a complementary need, since postmenopausal...
- Black Seed Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth are anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents that have shown complementary metabolic benefits when studied together,...
- Boron × CalciumInfoBoron reduces urinary calcium excretion and supports calcium utilization for bone health.
- Boron × Magnesium GlycinateInfoBoron has been shown to reduce urinary magnesium loss and raise serum magnesium, supporting magnesium status when the two are...
- Boron × SiliconInfoBoth silicon and boron are ultratrace elements repeatedly linked to bone and connective tissue integrity, and they are commonly...
- Boron × TestosteroneInfoIn a small trial, daily boron 10 mg raised free testosterone and modestly lowered estradiol in healthy men over one week. The...
- Boron × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoBoron can raise free testosterone by lowering sex hormone binding globulin and reducing conversion of testosterone to estradiol,...
- Boron × Vitamin D3InfoBoron supports vitamin D metabolism and may increase the half-life of 25(OH)D in the body.
- Boswellia × Cat's ClawInfoPairing provides complementary anti-inflammatory action, with Boswellia inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase and Cat's Claw suppressing...
- Boswellia × ChondroitinInfoCombining chondroitin with boswellia may provide complementary anti-inflammatory and cartilage-supportive effects in...
- Boswellia × Curcumin PhytosomeInfoBoth reduce joint inflammation through complementary pathways; head-to-head trials show additive benefit in osteoarthritis.
- Boswellia × Ginger ExtractInfoGinger and boswellia reduce inflammation through different enzyme pathways, so combining them may give broader anti-inflammatory...
- Boswellia × GlucosamineInfoThe pair targets joint discomfort through distinct routes, with Boswellia dampening inflammatory signaling and Glucosamine...
- Boswellia × MSMInfoMSM and Boswellia work through complementary anti-inflammatory pathways and are often combined for joint and soft-tissue...
- Boswellia × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCombined use produces greater anti-inflammatory and joint symptom relief than either agent alone in osteoarthritis studies.
- Bromelain × Fish OilInfoBoth have mild antiplatelet activity; combined chronic use can additively raise bleeding tendency.
- Bromelain × QuercetinInfoBromelain is traditionally co-formulated with quercetin to add anti-inflammatory activity, with the two compounds dampening...
- Bromelain × SerrapeptaseInfoSerrapeptase and bromelain are commonly combined as systemic proteolytic enzymes and appear to act in a complementary way to...
- Bromelain × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBromelain is widely co-formulated with curcumin to add its own proteolytic anti-inflammatory effect, increasing the net...
- Caffeine × L-TheanineInfoTheanine may smooth caffeine-related jitteriness while preserving attention benefits.
- Calcitriol × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 is sometimes used to support calcium-handling proteins, but it does not prevent calcitriol-induced hypercalcemia.
- Calcium × CholestyramineInfoCholestyramine may bind or delay absorption of some supplements when taken simultaneously.
- Calcium × CinacalcetInfoCalcium may be used to correct or prevent cinacalcet-related hypocalcemia when prescribed.
- Calcium × ErythromycinInfoPolyvalent cations such as calcium can bind to some oral antibiotics and reduce absorption. While erythromycin is less prone to...
- Calcium × FamotidineInfoFamotidine reduces gastric acid and can lower the absorption of calcium carbonate, which depends on acid to dissolve. The...
- Calcium × Fructooligosaccharides (FOS)InfoFOS fermentation may improve calcium solubility and absorption in the colon in some contexts.
- Calcium × Galactooligosaccharides (GOS)InfoPrebiotic fermentation may support mineral solubility and absorption, though GOS should not replace adequate calcium intake.
- Calcium × L-LysineInfoL-lysine can enhance intestinal calcium absorption and reduce urinary calcium excretion, supporting calcium retention.
- Calcium × MethylcobalaminInfoCalcium may actually assist B12 absorption. Some evidence suggests calcium helps release B12 from food and supports intrinsic...
- Calcium × Penicillin V PotassiumInfoCalcium is a divalent cation that can theoretically bind some oral antibiotics in the gut. For penicillin V the effect on...
- Calcium × RaloxifeneInfoAdequate calcium intake supports bone mineralization while raloxifene reduces bone resorption.
- Calcium × Red Clover IsoflavonesInfoCalcium adequacy supports bone health goals often targeted during menopause.
- Calcium × SiliconInfoSilicon (as orthosilicic acid) added to calcium and vitamin D stimulates markers of bone collagen formation and may improve bone...
- Calcium × Soy IsoflavonesInfoCalcium adequacy supports bone-health goals often paired with soy isoflavones.
- Calcium × Tenofovir DisoproxilInfoAdequate calcium intake is relevant because tenofovir disoproxil can reduce bone mineral density.
- Calcium × Vitamin B12InfoCalcium may actually assist B12 absorption. Some evidence suggests calcium helps release B12 from food and supports intrinsic...
- Calcium × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C mildly enhances calcium absorption by maintaining calcium in the soluble, ionized form in the gut.
- Calcium × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal mildly enhances calcium absorption by maintaining calcium in the soluble, ionized form in the gut.
- Calcium × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D3 is essential for calcium absorption from the gut. Without adequate D3, only 10-15% of dietary calcium is absorbed.
- Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D3 increases intestinal calcium absorption, complementing the calcium and bone-supportive aims of Ca-AKG. Adequate...
- Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 activates osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein, helping incorporate calcium into bone and limit vascular calcium...
- Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate × ZincInfoHigh doses of calcium can modestly reduce zinc absorption, so taking the calcium from Ca-AKG together with a zinc supplement may...
- Calcium Carbonate × RisedronateInfoDietary calcium intake of around 1000-1200 mg/day is required for risedronate to fully build bone, but the calcium must not be...
- Candesartan × Coenzyme Q10InfoCoenzyme Q10 has shown a mild blood-pressure-lowering effect in some trials. When combined with candesartan, the...
- Captopril × ZincInfoThe sulfhydryl group of captopril chelates zinc and increases urinary zinc excretion, and long-term ACE inhibitor therapy has...
- Carnosine × CreatineInfoBoth can support high-intensity exercise capacity by different mechanisms, so athletes sometimes combine carnosine (or its...
- Carnosine × Vitamin CInfoCarnosine and vitamin C are both antioxidants that operate in the aqueous cellular phase and can broaden free-radical and...
- Carnosine × ZincInfoCarnosine and zinc form the chelate zinc-L-carnosine (polaprezinc), a well-studied gastric mucosal protectant used for ulcer...
- Carvedilol × Coenzyme Q10InfoBeta-blockers may reduce CoQ10 levels. CoQ10 supplementation is particularly relevant for carvedilol patients with heart...
- Carvedilol × Fish OilInfoOmega-3 fatty acids modestly reduce blood pressure and lower triglycerides, and have separate benefits in heart failure...
- Carvedilol × L-CarnitineInfoL-Carnitine supports fatty-acid oxidation in cardiomyocytes and modestly lowers diastolic blood pressure. In heart failure...
- Carvedilol × MelatoninInfoCarvedilol, as a non-selective beta-blocker, suppresses nocturnal melatonin synthesis more than beta-1 selective agents....
- Cat's Claw × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCombined use broadens anti-inflammatory coverage by suppressing NF-kB driven cytokine production through complementary pathways,...
- Cefixime × Vitamin K2InfoBroad-spectrum antibiotics including cephalosporins can suppress vitamin K-producing gut flora during prolonged or repeated...
- Ceftriaxone × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during ceftriaxone therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- Cephalexin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during cephalexin therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- Cephalexin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during cephalexin therapy and is unaffected by the antibiotic...
- Chaga × CordycepsInfoCordyceps and chaga are medicinal mushrooms often combined for immune and antioxidant support, supplying complementary...
- Chaga × ReishiInfoChaga and reishi are both medicinal mushrooms providing beta-glucan polysaccharides, often stacked for complementary...
- Chaga × Turkey TailInfoBoth are beta-glucan-rich medicinal mushrooms commonly combined for complementary immune modulation.
- Chamomile × L-TheanineInfoBoth are mild calming supplements and may be complementary.
- Chlorella × IronInfoChlorella behaves as a mild plant iron source, so pairing it with an iron supplement is mostly synergistic for correcting...
- Chlorella × SpirulinaInfoSpirulina and chlorella are commonly combined as algae superfoods, offering complementary nutrient and antioxidant profiles,...
- Chondroitin × Collagen PeptidesInfoChondroitin and collagen peptides supply complementary cartilage building blocks, and combined joint support has been studied...
- Chondroitin × GlucosamineInfoCo-administration is the most studied combination for osteoarthritis, with potential additive effects on cartilage matrix...
- Chondroitin × Hyaluronic AcidInfoChondroitin and hyaluronic acid are both glycosaminoglycan components of cartilage and synovial fluid, and they are commonly...
- Chondroitin × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C supports synthesis and stabilization of the cartilage matrix that chondroitin sulfate is part of, so the two...
- Chromium × InositolInfoMyo-inositol and chromium each support insulin sensitivity through different routes, so combining them may give additive benefit...
- Chromium × Magnesium GlycinateInfoChromium and magnesium each support insulin signaling, so adequate status of both is associated with better insulin sensitivity...
- Chromium × Vitamin B3InfoCombining niacin with chromium has been studied as a way to improve glucose handling. Controlled work in older adults found that...
- Chromium × Vitamin B7InfoChromium picolinate combined with biotin (vitamin B7) has improved fasting glucose and glycemic markers more than chromium alone...
- Chromium × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C enhances chromium absorption by reducing Cr3+ in the gut, making it more bioavailable.
- Chromium × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal enhances chromium absorption by reducing Cr3+ in the gut, making it more bioavailable.
- Cimetidine × MethylcobalaminInfoMethylcobalamin (a free coenzyme form of B12) does not need gastric acid or pepsin to be released from food protein, making it a...
- Cinnamon Extract × Insulin GlargineInfoConcentrated cinnamon extracts may modestly lower fasting or post-meal glucose in some studies. Because insulin glargine...
- Ciprofloxacin × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoLactobacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the most studied probiotic strains for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea, including...
- Ciprofloxacin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during ciprofloxacin therapy reduces the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea by restoring...
- Ciprofloxacin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii is a yeast probiotic with strong evidence for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and C. difficile...
- Citalopram × Magnesium CitrateInfoCitalopram produces dose-dependent QT interval prolongation and carries a black-box warning at doses above 40 mg/day (or 20 mg...
- Citicoline × DonepezilInfoCiticoline has been studied as an adjunct to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil in Alzheimer's disease....
- Citicoline × Lion's ManeInfoLion's mane promotes nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis while citicoline supports phospholipid membrane synthesis....
- Citicoline × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoBoth cross the blood-brain barrier to support cognitive function. Magnesium enhances synaptic plasticity; citicoline supports...
- Citicoline × PhosphatidylserineInfoCiticoline supports phospholipid synthesis broadly, including phosphatidylserine. Together they comprehensively support neuronal...
- Citrulline Malate × CreatineInfoCreatine and citrulline target different performance mechanisms.
- Citrulline Malate × TaurineInfoTaurine may complement endurance, osmotic balance, and excitation-contraction support.
- CLA × Fish OilInfoCombining CLA with fish oil may offset CLA's tendency to worsen some lipid and inflammatory markers, since omega-3s improve...
- CLA × Green Tea ExtractInfoCLA and green tea extract are often combined for body composition support and may have complementary effects on fat oxidation...
- CLA × L-CarnitineInfoL-carnitine supports transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation, which is mechanistically complementary to CLA's...
- CLA × Vitamin EInfoCLA can increase lipid peroxidation and oxidative-stress markers, which raises the body's vitamin E (antioxidant) requirement....
- Clarithromycin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during clarithromycin therapy, including during H. pylori triple therapy, reduces...
- Clarithromycin × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during clarithromycin therapy and is unaffected by the antibiotic...
- Clonidine × PotassiumInfoPotassium supplementation can produce a modest reduction in blood pressure that is generally complementary to clonidine therapy...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Combined Oral ContraceptiveInfoCombined oral contraceptive use significantly decreases serum coenzyme Q10 levels in premenopausal women, mirroring the drop...
- Coenzyme Q10 × CordycepsInfoBoth support mitochondrial energy production. Cordyceps increases ATP synthesis; CoQ10 is essential for the electron transport...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Elamipretide (SS-31)InfoCoQ10 is often used in mitochondrial care, but it does not replace Forzinity or prove off-label benefit.
- Coenzyme Q10 × EnalaprilInfoCoenzyme Q10 lowers blood pressure modestly through improved endothelial function and reduced oxidative stress. A clinical study...
- Coenzyme Q10 × ErgothioneineInfoBoth target mitochondrial function and oxidative stress through distinct routes, so co-supplementation may offer complementary...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Evening Primrose OilInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10.
- Coenzyme Q10 × EvolocumabInfoCoenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is sometimes used by patients on lipid-lowering therapy because of concerns about statin-associated...
- Coenzyme Q10 × FenofibrateInfoFibrates, like statins, may modestly lower endogenous coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) levels, and myopathy risk rises when fenofibrate...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Fish OilInfoCoQ10 is fat-soluble and absorption increases 3-fold when taken with dietary fat. Fish oil provides the ideal fat vehicle.
- Coenzyme Q10 × Fish Oil Triple StrengthInfoCoQ10 is fat-soluble and absorption increases 3-fold when taken with dietary fat. Fish oil provides the ideal fat vehicle.
- Coenzyme Q10 × Flaxseed OilInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10.
- Coenzyme Q10 × Garlic ExtractInfoAged garlic extract combined with coenzyme Q10 improved endothelial function and vascular elasticity in a randomized trial, with...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Hawthorn (Crataegus)InfoBoth are used in cardiovascular support stacks, especially for cardiac energy and symptoms.
- Coenzyme Q10 × HumaninInfoCoQ10 and humanin are both used in mitochondrial-health contexts, but humanin remains unapproved.
- Coenzyme Q10 × Krill OilInfoCoQ10 is fat-soluble and absorption increases 3-fold when taken with dietary fat. Fish oil provides the ideal fat vehicle.
- Coenzyme Q10 × L-CarnitineInfoThe pair supports complementary stages of mitochondrial energy production, with L-Carnitine increasing fatty acid delivery into...
- Coenzyme Q10 × LisinoprilInfoCoenzyme Q10 lowers blood pressure modestly through improved endothelial function and reduced oxidative stress. A meta-analysis...
- Coenzyme Q10 × LovastatinInfoLovastatin can lower CoQ10 production by blocking the mevalonate pathway. CoQ10 depletion is a plausible contributor to...
- Coenzyme Q10 × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10.
- Coenzyme Q10 × MetforminInfoMetformin inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, which is part of how it lowers hepatic glucose output but also...
- Coenzyme Q10 × MetoprololInfoBeta-blockers including metoprolol may reduce endogenous CoQ10 levels by inhibiting CoQ10-dependent mitochondrial enzymes. Some...
- Coenzyme Q10 × MitoQ (Mitoquinone)InfoMitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone derivative and Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone/ubiquinol) is the native molecule. They are...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Nicotinamide RibosideInfoNAD+ (replenished by NR) and coenzyme Q10 act at sequential points of the mitochondrial electron transport chain: NADH delivers...
- Coenzyme Q10 × NMNInfoNMN boosts NAD+ for mitochondrial enzymes; CoQ10 supports the electron transport chain. Comprehensive mitochondrial support for...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Omega-7InfoTaking CoQ10 alongside an Omega-7 oil capsule provides the dietary lipid that CoQ10 absorption depends on. Pharmacology...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Ox BileInfoOx bile can increase the absorption of poorly bioavailable Coenzyme Q10 by improving its incorporation into bile-salt mixed...
- Coenzyme Q10 × PQQInfoCombined supplementation supports mitochondrial energy production and biogenesis, and the pair has been studied together in...
- Coenzyme Q10 × PravastatinInfoAll statins reduce CoQ10 levels by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway. Pravastatin has lower myopathy risk but still depletes...
- Coenzyme Q10 × PropranololInfoPropranolol is the strongest CoQ10-enzyme inhibitor among beta-blockers, which contributes to fatigue and exercise intolerance....
- Coenzyme Q10 × RamiprilInfoCoenzyme Q10 lowers blood pressure modestly through improved endothelial function and reduced oxidative stress. A meta-analysis...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Red Yeast RiceInfoCoQ10 is often paired with statin-like therapies because HMG-CoA reductase inhibition can reduce endogenous CoQ10 synthesis.
- Coenzyme Q10 × RosuvastatinInfoStatins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which is also upstream of CoQ10 synthesis in the mevalonate pathway. Rosuvastatin can reduce...
- Coenzyme Q10 × SeleniumInfoAdequate selenium status helps keep coenzyme Q10 in its active reduced form, and the pair together supports cardiac function...
- Coenzyme Q10 × ShilajitInfoShilajit appears to enhance the mitochondrial action of CoQ10, with preclinical data showing greater ATP recovery and cellular...
- Coenzyme Q10 × SimvastatinInfoSimvastatin can reduce circulating CoQ10 by inhibiting the same pathway used to make cholesterol. CoQ10 supplementation has...
- Coenzyme Q10 × SpermidineInfoSpermidine improves mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) while CoQ10 supports the mitochondrial electron transport chain, a...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Timolol OphthalmicInfoTimolol eye drops can produce systemic beta-blockade through nasolacrimal absorption, especially in older adults. Like systemic...
- Coenzyme Q10 × TocotrienolsInfoBoth are fat-soluble cardiometabolic supplements often taken with meals.
- Coenzyme Q10 × Urolithin AInfoBoth support mitochondrial function through different roles: Urolithin A improves mitochondrial quality via mitophagy while...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Vitamin B2InfoRiboflavin and coenzyme Q10 both support mitochondrial energy production and are used together for migraine prophylaxis, where...
- Coenzyme Q10 × Vitamin EInfoCoQ10 (ubiquinol form) regenerates vitamin E from its oxidized form in cell membranes, similar to how vitamin C regenerates...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × CordycepsInfoBoth support mitochondrial energy production. Cordyceps increases ATP synthesis; CoQ10 is essential for the electron transport...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × Evening Primrose OilInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × Fish OilInfoCoQ10 is fat-soluble and absorption increases 3-fold when taken with dietary fat. Fish oil provides the ideal fat vehicle.
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × Flaxseed OilInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol.
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × LevothyroxineInfoCoQ10 may have a minor effect on levothyroxine absorption if taken concurrently. While the interaction is not well-studied, the...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × LovastatinInfoLovastatin can reduce endogenous CoQ10 synthesis, and ubiquinol is the reduced form of CoQ10 used in many supplements. Restoring...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol.
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × MetoprololInfoBeta-blockers including metoprolol inhibit CoQ10-dependent mitochondrial enzymes, reducing endogenous CoQ10 levels. Metoprolol...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × NMNInfoNMN boosts NAD+ for mitochondrial enzymes; CoQ10 supports the electron transport chain. Comprehensive mitochondrial support for...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × PQQInfoPairing PQQ with the reduced ubiquinol form of CoQ10 supports mitochondrial biogenesis and the respiratory chain together, with...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × PravastatinInfoPravastatin is less lipophilic than several other statins but still inhibits the mevalonate pathway that supplies CoQ10...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × RosuvastatinInfoRosuvastatin, like all statins, inhibits the mevalonate pathway and reduces endogenous CoQ10 production. This depletion may...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × SeleniumInfoSelenium-dependent enzymes help regenerate ubiquinol after it is oxidized during antioxidant activity, so the two nutrients...
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × SimvastatinInfoSimvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing endogenous CoQ10 synthesis as a consequence of mevalonate pathway inhibition....
- Coenzyme Q10 Ubiquinol × Vitamin EInfoCoQ10 (ubiquinol form) regenerates vitamin E from its oxidized form in cell membranes, similar to how vitamin C regenerates...
- Colchicine × MethylfolateInfoColchicine can impair intestinal absorption of multiple nutrients through its disruption of microtubule-dependent enterocyte...
- Collagen Peptides × Elderberry Zinc LozengesInfoElderberry Zinc Lozenges is essential for collagen synthesis enzymes and wound healing. Supports collagen crosslinking and skin...
- Collagen Peptides × Hyaluronic AcidInfoBoth support extracellular matrix integrity in skin and joints; combined use has additive evidence for skin hydration and...
- Collagen Peptides × L-LysineInfoLysine is a key amino acid in collagen and, in its hydroxylated form, is required for the cross-links that give collagen tensile...
- Collagen Peptides × SiliconInfoSilicon supports endogenous collagen synthesis while collagen peptides supply collagen-derived amino acids, so combining them...
- Collagen Peptides × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis. It's a required cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase enzymes that stabilize...
- Collagen Peptides × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal is essential for collagen synthesis. It's a required cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase enzymes that...
- Collagen Peptides × ZincInfoZinc is essential for collagen synthesis enzymes and wound healing. Supports collagen crosslinking and skin repair.
- Collagen Peptides × Zinc CarnosineInfoZinc Carnosine is essential for collagen synthesis enzymes and wound healing. Supports collagen crosslinking and skin repair.
- Collagen Peptides × Zinc PicolinateInfoZinc Picolinate is essential for collagen synthesis enzymes and wound healing. Supports collagen crosslinking and skin repair.
- Colostrum × L-GlutamineInfoColostrum and L-glutamine are frequently combined for gut barrier support, as both contribute to intestinal mucosal repair and...
- Colostrum × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoColostrum components may support colonization and activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, complementing its effects on gut barrier...
- Colostrum × ProbioticsInfoColostrum and probiotics may work together to support gut barrier integrity and a healthy microbiome, with colostrum providing...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × InositolInfoBoth combined oral contraceptives and inositol (myo-inositol) are used for PCOS, but for different reasons. COCs treat...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Magnesium GlycinateInfoCombined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower serum magnesium and altered mineral status in observational studies,...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × SeleniumInfoCombined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower serum selenium and reduced glutathione peroxidase activity in several...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin B2InfoCombined oral contraceptives modestly lower riboflavin (B2) status by altering hepatic enzyme turnover and erythrocyte...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin CInfoCombined oral contraceptives lower plasma and platelet vitamin C levels and increase oxidative stress, partly because estrogen...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × Vitamin EInfoCombined oral contraceptives reduce serum levels of lipid-soluble antioxidants including alpha-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10. In a...
- Combined Oral Contraceptive × ZincInfoMultiple observational studies show that combined oral contraceptive users have lower serum zinc compared with non-users. The...
- Cordyceps × CreatineInfoBoth enhance ATP availability through complementary mechanisms. Cordyceps supports mitochondrial ATP production; creatine...
- Cordyceps × ReishiInfoCordyceps and reishi are medicinal mushrooms commonly stacked for immune-modulating and adaptogenic support, providing...
- Cordyceps × Rhodiola RoseaInfoBoth adaptogens enhance physical performance and energy through complementary mechanisms.
- Cordyceps × Turkey TailInfoTurkey tail and cordyceps are both immunomodulatory medicinal mushrooms whose polysaccharides support innate immune activity...
- Creatine × EcdysteroneInfoCreatine has stronger evidence and may complement any experimental anabolic signaling from ecdysterone.
- Creatine × Elamipretide (SS-31)InfoCreatine may affect muscle performance metrics and complicate interpretation of treatment response.
- Creatine × Essential Amino AcidsInfoEAAs and creatine support different components of lean mass and training adaptation.
- Creatine × GHRP-2InfoCreatine water weight can obscure edema or rapid weight changes from GH secretagogue use.
- Creatine × GHRP-6InfoCreatine-related water weight can mask edema or rapid weight gain from GH secretagogue effects.
- Creatine × GlycerolInfoBoth increase body water through different mechanisms and may enhance training fullness.
- Creatine × HexarelinInfoCreatine-related water weight can mask edema from GH-axis stimulation.
- Creatine × HMBInfoComplementary effects on lean mass and strength, with creatine enhancing high-intensity performance and HMB reducing muscle...
- Creatine × Magnesium CitrateInfoMagnesium is required for creatine kinase enzyme activity, which phosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine.
- Creatine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium is required for creatine kinase enzyme activity, which phosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine.
- Creatine × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoMagnesium is required for creatine kinase enzyme activity, which phosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine.
- Creatine × Magnesium MalateInfoMagnesium is required for creatine kinase enzyme activity, which phosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine.
- Creatine × Magnesium TaurateInfoMagnesium is required for creatine kinase enzyme activity, which phosphorylates creatine to phosphocreatine.
- Creatine × MOTS-cInfoCreatine may improve training output and confound interpretation of MOTS-c exercise claims.
- Creatine × Sodium BicarbonateInfoCreatine and bicarbonate may support different limits to high-intensity performance.
- Creatine × TaurineInfoTaurine and creatine are both cell-volumizing osmolytes that support muscle hydration and performance, and are frequently...
- Creatine × TesamorelinInfoCreatine can increase body water and scale weight, while tesamorelin can cause edema or fluid-related symptoms.
- Creatine × TrimethylglycineInfoEndogenous creatine synthesis consumes a large share of the body's SAMe-derived methyl groups. Supplementing creatine reduces...
- Creatine × Vitamin D3InfoBoth support musculoskeletal function. Vitamin D3 enhances muscle protein synthesis, and creatine increases phosphocreatine...
- Creatine × Whey ProteinInfoWhey and creatine are complementary for strength and lean mass goals.
- Crocin (Saffron Extract) × Curcumin PhytosomeInfoSaffron and curcumin are both plant-derived antioxidants with anti-inflammatory and mood-supportive activity, and small studies...
- Curcumin Phytosome × Digestive EnzymesInfoDigestive enzymes can improve curcumin absorption by breaking down the food matrix. Curcumin also stimulates bile flow which...
- Curcumin Phytosome × EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)InfoEGCG and curcumin both activate the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and inhibit NF-kB-driven inflammatory signaling, providing...
- Curcumin Phytosome × Ellagic AcidInfoBoth are polyphenols that converge on NF-kB and Nrf2 signaling, so combined use may provide complementary anti-inflammatory and...
- Curcumin Phytosome × EpicatechinInfoBoth are polyphenols that may support inflammatory signaling balance.
- Curcumin Phytosome × Evening Primrose OilInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Curcumin...
- Curcumin Phytosome × Fish OilInfoBoth have blood-thinning properties. High doses of both together may increase bleeding risk.
- Curcumin Phytosome × Flaxseed OilInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Curcumin Phytosome.
- Curcumin Phytosome × LuteolinInfoLuteolin and curcumin both suppress NF-kappaB-driven inflammation and microglial activation, providing complementary...
- Curcumin Phytosome × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Curcumin Phytosome.
- Curcumin Phytosome × Milk ThistleInfoBoth are hepatoprotective compounds that support liver health through complementary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
- Curcumin Phytosome × NACInfoBoth support liver detoxification and reduce oxidative stress. Curcumin is a direct antioxidant; NAC supports glutathione...
- Curcumin Phytosome × QuercetinInfoBoth are potent anti-inflammatory polyphenols that modulate NF-κB and COX-2 through complementary mechanisms.
- Curcumin Phytosome × RutinInfoRutin and curcumin are both plant polyphenols with complementary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, and each can...
- Curcumin Phytosome × Sodium ButyrateInfoBoth compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects on the gut epithelium, butyrate partly via HDAC inhibition and NF-kB modulation...
- Curcumin Phytosome × TangeretinInfoTangeretin and curcumin act through complementary anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways and may provide additive support...
- Curcumin Phytosome × Tart Cherry ExtractInfoBoth supplements act through complementary anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, so combining them may provide additive...
- Cyclosporine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium may help correct cyclosporine-associated hypomagnesemia, but kidney function and levels must guide dosing.
- D-Aspartic Acid × L-ArginineInfoThese two are frequently stacked in test booster plus pump formulas on the assumption that they are synergistic, but in...
- D-Aspartic Acid × L-CitrullineInfoL-Citrulline is one of the most common nitric oxide boosters in pre-workout and pump products, and it reliably elevates plasma...
- D-Aspartic Acid × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium status is linked to testosterone, so magnesium glycinate may complement D-aspartic acid in supporting the androgen...
- D-Aspartic Acid × ZincInfoBoth are studied in the context of supporting testosterone and male reproductive function, and may have complementary roles in...
- D-Mannose × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoThese act through complementary anti-uropathogen mechanisms, pairing bacterial anti-adhesion with competitive colonization to...
- D-Mannose × ProbioticsInfoD-mannose prevents E. coli adhesion to uroepithelium; probiotics support gut and urogenital flora that resists pathogen...
- D-Mannose × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoD-Mannose and the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii have been combined as a non-antibiotic UTI prophylaxis strategy. A...
- D-Mannose × Vitamin CInfoD-Mannose and Vitamin C are frequently combined in UTI prevention products, often alongside cranberry. In trial arms that paired...
- Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice (DGL) × ZincInfoDGL may reduce immediate absorption of zinc supplements if taken together.
- Desloratadine × QuercetinInfoQuercetin is sometimes used for allergic symptom support and may overlap with desloratadine goals.
- DHEA × Maca RootInfoMaca improves subjective sexual function without changing hormones; DHEA raises androgens. Combined use can support both...
- DHEA × Saw PalmettoInfoSaw palmetto modestly inhibits 5-alpha reductase and aromatase; DHEA raises downstream androgens. Combined effects on prostate...
- Dicloxacillin × Vitamin K2InfoBroad-spectrum and beta-lactam antibiotics can disrupt gut flora that synthesize vitamin K, theoretically reducing endogenous...
- Digestive Enzymes × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoBoth support gut health but work best at different times. Digestive enzymes work with meals; lactobacillus rhamnosus prefer an...
- Digestive Enzymes × Ox BileInfoOx bile emulsifies dietary fat to improve the action of lipase and other digestive enzymes, supporting more complete fat and...
- Digestive Enzymes × ProbioticsInfoBoth support gut health but work best at different times. Digestive enzymes work with meals; probiotics prefer an empty stomach...
- Digestive Enzymes × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoBoth support gut health but work best at different times. Digestive enzymes work with meals; saccharomyces boulardii prefer an...
- Digestive Enzymes × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoDigestive enzymes can improve curcumin absorption by breaking down the food matrix. Curcumin also stimulates bile flow which...
- DIM × MelatoninInfoDIM is a documented CYP1A2 inducer (shown in cultured human liver slices via the AhR pathway), and melatonin is primarily...
- DIM × SulforaphaneInfoBoth are cruciferous-derived compounds that favorably shift estrogen metabolism and induce phase I and phase II detoxification,...
- Doxycycline × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during doxycycline therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) × L-TheanineInfoL-theanine may add relaxation or sedation and confound sleep tracking.
- Dulaglutide × Ginger ExtractInfoGinger is sometimes used for nausea and may be reasonable for mild dulaglutide-related nausea. It does not address severe or...
- Dulaglutide × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium may improve glycemic markers and constipation, but it forms a viscous gel and can interfere with oral products if taken...
- Ecdysterone × Vitamin D3InfoAdequate vitamin D supports muscle function when deficient, but direct ecdysterone synergy is unproven.
- Echinacea × ElderberryInfoEchinacea and elderberry are commonly combined for upper respiratory and cold or flu symptom support through complementary...
- Echinacea × OseltamivirInfoEchinacea purpurea preparations have demonstrated in vitro activity against influenza viruses and a randomized comparative trial...
- Echinacea × Vitamin CInfoEchinacea and vitamin C are commonly combined for upper respiratory immune support, with modest evidence for reducing cold...
- Echinacea × ZincInfoEchinacea and zinc are frequently paired for cold and upper respiratory support, with zinc lozenges showing evidence for...
- EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) × QuercetinInfoQuercetin inhibits the metabolism of EGCG, including COMT-mediated methylation and efflux transport, which can increase EGCG...
- Elderberry × OseltamivirInfoElderberry (Sambucus nigra) flavonoids inhibit influenza H1N1 attachment in vitro and small randomized trials suggest modest...
- Elderberry × QuercetinInfoStacking elderberry with quercetin is a beneficial, complementary immune-support pairing rather than a risk. The two flavonoid...
- Elderberry × Vitamin CInfoCombined antioxidant and immune support during early upper respiratory infection, with complementary effects on innate immune...
- Elderberry × ZincInfoBoth target early-phase viral upper respiratory illness through distinct antiviral and immune-modulating mechanisms, supporting...
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × OseltamivirInfoElderberry blocks influenza H1N1 attachment in vitro and zinc lozenges (acetate or gluconate) reduce common cold duration in...
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × SeleniumInfoBoth support immune function and antioxidant defense. Elderberry Zinc Lozenges supports SOD and thymulin; selenium supports GPx...
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × Vitamin AInfoElderberry Zinc Lozenges is required for retinol-binding protein synthesis and vitamin A transport from the liver. Elderberry...
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × Vitamin B9InfoHigh-dose elderberry zinc lozenges (>40mg) may impair folate absorption by inhibiting the folate conjugase enzyme in the gut.
- Elderberry Zinc Lozenges × Vitamin D3InfoThe zinc component can help meet zinc intake, but elderberry zinc lozenges are not required for vitamin D receptor function and...
- Ellagic Acid × ResveratrolInfoResveratrol and ellagic acid are both polyphenols with antioxidant and Nrf2-supporting activity, and may be used together for...
- Ellagic Acid × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant that can regenerate other oxidized antioxidants and complements the free-radical...
- Enalapril × Garlic ExtractInfoGarlic Extract lowers blood pressure modestly and has independent ACE-inhibitory activity in vitro. When combined with enalapril...
- Enalapril × QuercetinInfoQuercetin lowers blood pressure modestly (about 5-7 mm Hg systolic in stage 1 hypertensives) through endothelial improvement,...
- Epicatechin × Fish OilInfoBoth may have mild antiplatelet or vascular effects at high doses.
- Ergothioneine × Green Tea ExtractInfoGreen tea catechins and ergothioneine are both dietary antioxidants with anti-inflammatory activity that can act through...
- Ergothioneine × NACInfoBoth compounds support cellular thiol-based antioxidant defenses. Ergothioneine is a stable, transporter-accumulated...
- Ergothioneine × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is an aqueous-phase antioxidant and can help regenerate other antioxidants, while ergothioneine provides stable...
- Esomeprazole × Vitamin CInfoEsomeprazole lowers the concentration of bioavailable vitamin C in the stomach. In healthy volunteers, four weeks of a PPI...
- Essential Amino Acids × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 is required for amino acid transamination reactions.
- Estradiol × Maca RootInfoMaca has been used for menopausal symptoms and sexual function with modest positive findings in small trials, and does not...
- Evening Primrose Oil × LuteinInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lutein.
- Evening Primrose Oil × LycopeneInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lycopene.
- Evening Primrose Oil × ResveratrolInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Resveratrol.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like...
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin AInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin A.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin D2InfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D2.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin D3InfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D3.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin EInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin E.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin K1InfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K1.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin K2InfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2.
- Evening Primrose Oil × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2 MK-4.
- Evening Primrose Oil × ZeaxanthinInfoEvening Primrose Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Zeaxanthin.
- Evolocumab × Fish OilInfoFish Oil may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Evolocumab for triglyceride management.
- Evolocumab × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium Husk may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Evolocumab.
- Ezetimibe × Fish OilInfoFish oil (EPA and DHA) primarily lowers triglycerides and modestly affects other lipid fractions through mechanisms distinct...
- Ezetimibe × Vitamin D3InfoEzetimibe blocks intestinal absorption of cholesterol via the Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) transporter. Because fat-soluble...
- Ezetimibe × Vitamin EInfoAs a fat-soluble vitamin absorbed through the same micellar lipid pathway affected by ezetimibe, vitamin E (tocopherol)...
- Famciclovir × Green Tea ExtractInfoConcentrated green tea catechins such as EGCG inhibit aldehyde oxidase in vitro, the same enzyme responsible for converting the...
- Famciclovir × Magnesium GlycinateInfoFamciclovir absorption is not dependent on gastric acidity and it does not chelate divalent cations in a clinically significant...
- Famciclovir × ProbioticsInfoFamciclovir is generally well tolerated and, unlike antibacterial agents, does not disrupt the gut microbiome, so it does not...
- Famciclovir × QuercetinInfoFamciclovir is an inactive prodrug that must be converted to its active form, penciclovir, largely by the enzyme aldehyde...
- Famciclovir × Vitamin CInfoVery high-dose vitamin C can increase urinary oxalate burden, which is undesirable in patients needing renal dose adjustment for...
- Famotidine × MethylcobalaminInfoMethylcobalamin (a free coenzyme form of B12) does not require gastric acid for absorption, making it a reliable supplemental...
- Febuxostat × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C has a modest urate-lowering effect in randomized-trial meta-analyses, while febuxostat is a much stronger...
- Fenofibrate × Fish OilInfoFish Oil may add modest lipid-lowering effects to Fenofibrate for triglyceride lowering.
- Fenugreek × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoTribulus and fenugreek are both used in male vitality and libido formulas, with complementary effects on sexual function and,...
- Fisetin × Fish OilInfoFisetin is fat-soluble and poorly absorbed; taking it alongside an omega-3 fish oil softgel provides a convenient dietary-fat...
- Fisetin × QuercetinInfoFisetin and quercetin are both flavonoid senolytic candidates with overlapping antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and...
- Fisetin × ResveratrolInfoBoth are polyphenols studied in the healthy-aging space with overlapping antioxidant and stress-response signaling, and both are...
- Fish Oil × FucoxanthinInfoFucoxanthin is highly lipophilic and is absorbed better when taken with dietary fat. Co-administration with fish oil (or other...
- Fish Oil × Garlic ExtractInfoBoth lower LDL, blood pressure, and have mild antiplatelet effects; combined use is broadly cardio-supportive.
- Fish Oil × Hawthorn (Crataegus)InfoFish oil may complement cardiovascular risk support, though direct hawthorn-fish oil trials are lacking.
- Fish Oil × HesperidinInfoHesperidin and omega-3 fish oil act through complementary mechanisms to improve endothelial function and reduce vascular...
- Fish Oil × Holy Basil/TulsiInfoHoly basil has mild antiplatelet activity; combined with fish oil's effect on thromboxane, bleeding risk is theoretically...
- Fish Oil × IsotretinoinInfoFish oil may help blunt isotretinoin-related triglyceride increases, especially if triglycerides are already elevated before...
- Fish Oil × Lion's ManeInfoThe pair supports brain health through complementary pathways, with Lion's Mane promoting neurotrophic factor production and...
- Fish Oil × LisinoprilInfoFish Oil reduces blood pressure modestly (about 3/1.5 mm Hg in hypertensives) and has independent renoprotective effects through...
- Fish Oil × LithiumInfoFish oil (EPA/DHA) may have additive mood-stabilizing benefits when combined with lithium. Omega-3 fatty acids have demonstrated...
- Fish Oil × LosartanInfoFish Oil reduces blood pressure modestly and has independent renoprotective effects through reduced angiotensin II generation...
- Fish Oil × LuteinInfoFish oil provides dietary fat that improves absorption of fat-soluble lutein, and its omega-3 fatty acids complement lutein in...
- Fish Oil × MethotrexateInfoFish oil (EPA/DHA) may have additive anti-inflammatory effects when combined with methotrexate for rheumatic conditions. Some...
- Fish Oil × MetoprololInfoOmega-3 fatty acids in fish oil produce small but consistent reductions in blood pressure (~2-3 mmHg systolic at doses of 2-3...
- Fish Oil × MitoQ (Mitoquinone)InfoMitoQ concentrates in mitochondrial membranes that are rich in polyunsaturated phospholipids and limits lipid peroxidation,...
- Fish Oil × Niacin (Prescription)InfoPrescription niacin and fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids EPA/DHA) both lower triglycerides through complementary mechanisms and are...
- Fish Oil × Omega-7InfoOmega-7 (palmitoleic acid) and fish oil omega-3s have complementary lipid-modulating effects, with some evidence that combined...
- Fish Oil × Ox BileInfoOx bile emulsifies the fat in fish oil, improving digestion and absorption of omega-3 fatty acids, which can be useful for...
- Fish Oil × PhosphatidylserineInfoPhosphatidylserine is a phospholipid that benefits from omega-3 DHA, which is preferentially incorporated into PS in brain...
- Fish Oil × Pomegranate ExtractInfoBoth support cardiometabolic and vascular health, but high doses may add bleeding tendency.
- Fish Oil × QuercetinInfoQuercetin and fish oil reduce inflammation through different pathways, giving an additive anti-inflammatory effect.
- Fish Oil × RamiprilInfoFish Oil reduces blood pressure modestly (about 3/1.5 mm Hg in hypertensives) and has independent renoprotective effects through...
- Fish Oil × ResveratrolInfoResveratrol is lipophilic and absorbs better with dietary fat. Both have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
- Fish Oil × RisperidoneInfoFish oil, as a source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been studied as an adjunct in recent-onset psychosis patients...
- Fish Oil × RosuvastatinInfoFish oil omega-3 fatty acids can be used with rosuvastatin for residual hypertriglyceridemia. Human pharmacokinetic studies...
- Fish Oil × Saw PalmettoInfoBoth support prostate health through complementary mechanisms; combined use is common in men's BPH protocols.
- Fish Oil × SimvastatinInfoFish oil omega-3 fatty acids can improve triglyceride and non-HDL cholesterol measures when added to simvastatin in patients...
- Fish Oil × TangeretinInfoTangeretin and omega-3 fish oil work through complementary mechanisms to improve lipid profiles and reduce vascular inflammation.
- Fish Oil × TrimethylglycineInfoHigh-dose betaine can modestly raise LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in some people. Pairing with omega-3 fish oil, which...
- Fish Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth have blood-thinning properties. High doses of both together may increase bleeding risk.
- Fish Oil × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D3 is fat-soluble and absorption improves when taken with omega-3 fatty acids. Both support cardiovascular and immune...
- Fish Oil × Vitamin EInfoHigh-dose fish oil increases vitamin E requirements because PUFAs are susceptible to peroxidation. May deplete vitamin E stores.
- Fish Oil × Vitamin K2InfoK2 (MK-7) is fat-soluble and absorption increases with dietary fat. Fish oil provides an excellent fat vehicle.
- Fish Oil × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoK2 (MK-7) is fat-soluble and absorption increases with dietary fat. Fish oil provides an excellent fat vehicle.
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × IsotretinoinInfoConcentrated fish oil may help control triglycerides during isotretinoin therapy. The evidence is based on omega-3 fatty acid...
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × PhosphatidylserineInfoPhosphatidylserine is a phospholipid that benefits from omega-3 DHA, which is preferentially incorporated into PS in brain...
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × ResveratrolInfoResveratrol is lipophilic and absorbs better with dietary fat. Both have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth have blood-thinning properties. High doses of both together may increase bleeding risk.
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D3 is fat-soluble and absorption improves when taken with omega-3 fatty acids. Both support cardiovascular and immune...
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × Vitamin EInfoHigh-dose fish oil triple strength increases vitamin E requirements because PUFAs are susceptible to peroxidation. May deplete...
- Fish Oil Triple Strength × Vitamin K2InfoK2 (MK-7) is fat-soluble and absorption increases with dietary fat. Fish oil provides an excellent fat vehicle.
- Flaxseed Oil × LuteinInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lutein.
- Flaxseed Oil × LycopeneInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lycopene.
- Flaxseed Oil × ResveratrolInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Resveratrol.
- Flaxseed Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Turmeric/Curcumin.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin AInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin A.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin D2InfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D2.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin D3InfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D3.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin EInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin E.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin K1InfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K1.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin K2InfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2.
- Flaxseed Oil × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2 MK-4.
- Flaxseed Oil × ZeaxanthinInfoFlaxseed Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Zeaxanthin.
- Fluconazole × NACInfoFluconazole can cause hepatotoxicity ranging from mild transaminase elevations to acute liver injury. N-acetylcysteine...
- Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) × ProbioticsInfoFOS can act as a prebiotic substrate for probiotic organisms and resident bifidobacteria.
- Fucoxanthin × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D3 is fat-soluble and, like fucoxanthin, depends on dietary fat for absorption. Taking them together with a...
- GABA × GlycineInfoCombining GABA with glycine layers two distinct inhibitory neurotransmitter systems, which can deepen overall central nervous...
- GABA × L-TheanineInfoComplementary calming effect, with L-theanine promoting relaxed alertness and increasing alpha brain-wave activity alongside...
- GABA × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium glycinate complements oral GABA by supporting GABAergic tone, contributing to a calmer state and easier sleep onset.
- Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) × ProbioticsInfoGOS can feed bifidobacteria and may complement probiotic supplements.
- Galantamine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium can loosen stools, while galantamine commonly causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Garlic Extract × Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFMInfoHigh-dose garlic extract can have antimicrobial and GI effects that may interfere with probiotic tolerance.
- Garlic Extract × LisinoprilInfoGarlic Extract lowers blood pressure modestly (approximately 4-10 mm Hg systolic in hypertensives) and has independent...
- Garlic Extract × LosartanInfoGarlic Extract lowers blood pressure modestly (approximately 4-10 mm Hg systolic in hypertensives). When combined with the ARB...
- Garlic Extract × Losartan/HydrochlorothiazideInfoGarlic extract has a modest blood-pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive patients. When added to an effective antihypertensive...
- Garlic Extract × RamiprilInfoGarlic Extract lowers blood pressure modestly and has independent ACE-inhibitory activity in vitro. When combined with ramipril...
- Garlic Extract × ValsartanInfoGarlic Extract lowers blood pressure modestly. When combined with the ARB valsartan, the effects are additive, which can help...
- GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) × IronInfoIron deficiency can drive hair and skin complaints that cosmetic GHK-Cu will not correct.
- GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) × Vitamin CInfoAcidic vitamin C products layered with copper peptide cosmetics may increase irritation.
- Ginger Extract × Ginkgo BilobaInfoBoth have mild antiplatelet activity; clinical bleeding events from this combination alone are rare but theoretical.
- Ginger Extract × LiraglutideInfoGinger is sometimes used for nausea and may be reasonable for mild liraglutide-related nausea. It does not address severe or...
- Ginger Extract × OndansetronInfoGinger has randomized-trial and meta-analysis evidence as an adjunct to standard antiemetic regimens for chemotherapy-induced...
- Ginger Extract × QuercetinInfoBoth are anti-inflammatory antioxidants that dampen overlapping inflammatory signaling, so combining them may provide additive...
- Ginger Extract × SemaglutideInfoGinger is sometimes used for nausea and may be reasonable for mild semaglutide-related nausea. It does not address severe or...
- Ginger Extract × TirzepatideInfoGinger may help nausea during tirzepatide titration. It does not address severe or persistent GI symptoms, dehydration, or...
- Ginger Extract × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCombined use offers complementary anti-inflammatory and antinausea support, with some additive antiplatelet effect to keep in...
- Ginkgo Biloba × Maca RootInfoThe pair combines Maca's effect on sexual desire with Ginkgo's influence on peripheral blood flow and nitric oxide, offering...
- Glucosamine × Hyaluronic AcidInfoBoth support joint health through the cartilage matrix, with glucosamine providing a substrate for glycosaminoglycan synthesis...
- Glucosamine × MSMInfoMSM and glucosamine are commonly combined for osteoarthritis, and some trials suggest the pair improves joint pain and function...
- Glycerol × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium and glycerol can both cause GI looseness in some users near exercise.
- Glycine × L-MethionineInfoGlycine is the acceptor substrate for GNMT, a main enzyme that buffers excess methylation potential created when L-Methionine...
- Glycine × L-TheanineInfoBoth amino acids support sleep through different routes, so combining them may reduce pre-sleep tension and improve sleep...
- Glycine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium glycinate already contains glycine as its chelation partner. Additional glycine further supports sleep and inhibitory...
- Glycine × NACInfoGlycine and NAC (GlyNAC) together provide two of the three amino acids needed for glutathione synthesis.
- Glycine × TaurineInfoGlycine and taurine are both inhibitory amino acids that together support relaxation and may aid sleep onset, including...
- Gotu Kola × L-TheanineInfoGotu kola has traditional and preliminary use for nervous tension, and L-theanine promotes a calm, alert state. Used together...
- Gotu Kola × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is an essential cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase in collagen synthesis, while gotu kola triterpenoids...
- Grape Seed Extract × LisinoprilInfoGrape Seed Extract lowers blood pressure modestly (about 6 mm Hg systolic and 3 mm Hg diastolic in meta-analyses) through...
- Grape Seed Extract × Pine Bark ExtractInfoBoth are oligomeric proanthocyanidin sources with overlapping antioxidant and endothelial nitric-oxide-supporting effects,...
- Grape Seed Extract × Pomegranate ExtractInfoBoth provide vascular polyphenols and may support endothelial function.
- Grape Seed Extract × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C helps regenerate oxidized proanthocyanidin antioxidants, and the two together support endothelial and vascular...
- Green Tea Extract × L-TheanineInfoL-theanine smooths the caffeine stimulation from green tea extract, improving sustained attention while reducing jitteriness and...
- Green Tea Extract × LuteolinInfoLuteolin and green tea catechins (notably EGCG) share antioxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenol activity and may provide...
- Green Tea Extract × QuercetinInfoQuercetin may raise plasma levels of green tea catechins by slowing their breakdown, and the two polyphenols provide additive...
- Gymnema Sylvestre × ZincInfoZinc adequacy supports insulin storage and metabolic health, but direct Gymnema-zinc outcome data are limited.
- Haloperidol × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium deficiency can worsen torsades risk in patients receiving QT-prolonging drugs such as haloperidol.
- Haloperidol × PotassiumInfoHypokalemia increases risk of QT-related ventricular arrhythmias during haloperidol therapy.
- Hesperidin × IronInfoCitrus flavonoids such as hesperidin can chelate non-heme iron and may modestly affect its absorption when taken in the same meal.
- Hesperidin × QuercetinInfoHesperidin and quercetin are both citrus/plant flavonoids with complementary antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and...
- Hesperidin × Vitamin CInfoHesperidin and other citrus bioflavonoids are traditionally co-administered with vitamin C and may support capillary integrity...
- HMB × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D supports muscle function and the response to HMB, with combined supplementation showing greater gains in muscle...
- Huperzine A × L-TheanineInfoL-theanine may smooth anxiety or overstimulation from nootropic stacks, but it does not prevent cholinergic toxicity.
- Huperzine A × MelatoninInfoHuperzine A may increase vivid dreams or sleep disruption, while melatonin changes sleep timing and dream intensity.
- Hyaluronic Acid × MSMInfoMSM supplies bioavailable sulfur that supports glycosaminoglycan and connective tissue synthesis, complementing hyaluronic acid...
- Hyaluronic Acid × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is a required cofactor for collagen synthesis, supporting the extracellular matrix environment where hyaluronic acid...
- Ibandronate × Vitamin D3InfoAdequate vitamin D supports safe and effective antiresorptive therapy by reducing hypocalcemia risk and supporting bone...
- Icosapent Ethyl × Vitamin K1InfoIcosapent ethyl is a fatty acid ester that requires dietary fat for absorption, and fat-soluble vitamin K1 is similarly best...
- Inositol × MetforminInfoMyo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol act as second messengers downstream of the insulin receptor and improve insulin sensitivity,...
- Inositol × NACInfoIn polycystic ovary syndrome, myo-inositol and N-acetylcysteine target complementary problems: inositol supports insulin...
- Inositol × Vitamin D3InfoAdequate vitamin D status appears to improve the metabolic and reproductive response to myo-inositol in PCOS, and the two are...
- Insulin Glargine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoMagnesium repletion may gradually improve insulin signaling and glucose control when magnesium status is low. Because insulin...
- Insulin Glargine × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D repletion may gradually improve insulin sensitivity when vitamin D status is low. Because insulin glargine provides...
- Inulin × Magnesium GlycinateInfoBoth can change bowel habits; magnesium can loosen stools while inulin increases fermentation.
- Inulin × ProbioticsInfoInulin can feed bifidobacteria and may complement probiotic organisms.
- Iodine × IronInfoIron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis because thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a heme-containing enzyme.
- Iodine × Iron BisglycinateInfoIron Bisglycinate deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis because thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a heme-containing enzyme.
- Iodine × L-TyrosineInfoIodine and L-tyrosine are the two raw materials the thyroid combines to build thyroid hormone, so adequacy of both supports...
- Iodine × ZincInfoAdequate zinc is needed for thyroid hormone synthesis and signaling, so zinc supports the thyroid effects of iodine.
- Iron × L-LysineInfoAdding L-lysine alongside iron has been associated with improved ferritin levels in some iron-deficient individuals who do not...
- Iron × L-TyrosineInfoIron is a cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis.
- Iron × Lactobacillus plantarum 299vInfoL. plantarum 299v may improve absorption of non-heme iron from some fortified foods.
- Iron × Lactobacillus RhamnosusInfoIron supplements can disrupt gut microbiome composition. However, certain probiotic strains may actually enhance iron absorption.
- Iron × LisinoprilInfoIron supplements may modestly reduce the absorption of ACE inhibitors when taken simultaneously. While the interaction is minor...
- Iron × MethylcobalaminInfoBoth iron and B12 are essential for red blood cell production. Deficiency in either causes anemia.
- Iron × MolybdenumInfoMolybdenum and iron sit on opposite ends of a shared copper-mediated pathway. In classic nutrition literature (largely ruminant...
- Iron × MoringaInfoMoringa leaf is a meaningful source of bioavailable iron and vitamin C and is used to help correct iron deficiency anemia,...
- Iron × NystatinInfoNystatin oral suspension is frequently dosed to coat the oral mucosa, and patients are advised to avoid food and drink shortly...
- Iron × ProbioticsInfoIron supplements can disrupt gut microbiome composition. However, certain probiotic strains may actually enhance iron absorption.
- Iron × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoIron supplements can disrupt gut microbiome composition. However, certain probiotic strains may actually enhance iron absorption.
- Iron × TangeretinInfoAs a polyphenolic flavone, tangeretin can complex with non-heme iron in the gut and may modestly reduce its absorption when...
- Iron × Vitamin AInfoVitamin A improves iron mobilization from stores and enhances erythropoiesis. Combined supplementation is more effective than...
- Iron × Vitamin B12InfoBoth iron and B12 are essential for red blood cell production. Deficiency in either causes anemia.
- Iron × Vitamin B2InfoRiboflavin supports mobilization of stored iron and red blood cell production, so correcting riboflavin status can improve the...
- Iron × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C dramatically increases non-heme iron absorption by reducing ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+) and forming a...
- Iron × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal dramatically increases non-heme iron absorption by reducing ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+) and...
- Iron Bisglycinate × L-TyrosineInfoIron Bisglycinate is a cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis.
- Iron Bisglycinate × OmeprazoleInfoIron bisglycinate is a chelated form of iron whose absorption is less dependent on gastric acid than conventional ferrous...
- Iron Bisglycinate × PantoprazoleInfoIron bisglycinate is a chelated iron form whose absorption is less dependent on gastric acid than ferrous sulfate, making it the...
- Iron Bisglycinate × ProbioticsInfoIron Bisglycinate supplements can disrupt gut microbiome composition. However, certain probiotic strains may actually enhance...
- Iron Bisglycinate × Vitamin AInfoVitamin A improves iron bisglycinate mobilization from stores and enhances erythropoiesis. Combined supplementation is more...
- Iron Bisglycinate × Vitamin B12InfoBoth iron bisglycinate and B12 are essential for red blood cell production. Deficiency in either causes anemia.
- Iron Bisglycinate × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C dramatically increases non-heme iron bisglycinate absorption by reducing ferric iron bisglycinate (Fe3+) to ferrous...
- Isoniazid × Milk ThistleInfoIsoniazid carries a recognized risk of hepatotoxicity. Silymarin from milk thistle has been studied as a hepatoprotective...
- Itraconazole × Milk ThistleInfoMilk thistle (silymarin) has shown weak and inconsistent effects on CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein in laboratory studies. While...
- Jujube × L-TheanineInfoBoth are calming and may be complementary for evening relaxation.
- KPV × ProbioticsInfoProbiotics can change gut symptoms while KPV claims target gut inflammation, making response hard to interpret.
- KPV × QuercetinInfoQuercetin also has anti-inflammatory claims and can confound symptom tracking.
- Krill Oil × Omega-7InfoKrill oil supplies omega-3s in phospholipid form plus astaxanthin, complementing omega-7 palmitoleic acid for lipid and...
- Krill Oil × PhosphatidylserineInfoPhosphatidylserine is a phospholipid that benefits from omega-3 DHA, which is preferentially incorporated into PS in brain...
- Krill Oil × ResveratrolInfoResveratrol is lipophilic and absorbs better with dietary fat. Both have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
- Krill Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth have blood-thinning properties. High doses of both together may increase bleeding risk.
- Krill Oil × Vitamin D3InfoSame synergy as fish oil + D3. Krill oil phospholipid-bound omega-3s provide dietary fat for D3 absorption.
- Krill Oil × Vitamin EInfoHigh-dose krill oil increases vitamin E requirements because PUFAs are susceptible to peroxidation. May deplete vitamin E stores.
- Krill Oil × Vitamin K2InfoK2 (MK-7) is fat-soluble and absorption increases with dietary fat. Fish oil provides an excellent fat vehicle.
- L-Arginine × L-CitrullineInfoCitrulline is converted to arginine in the kidney, raising plasma arginine higher and longer than oral arginine alone. Combined...
- L-Arginine × L-LysineInfoArginine and lysine compete for cellular uptake; high-dose arginine can reduce lysine's effect on HSV outbreak prevention.
- L-Arginine × LisinoprilInfoL-Arginine is the substrate for endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and oral supplementation produces modest blood pressure...
- L-Arginine × Maca RootInfoThe pair approaches sexual function from two angles, with Maca acting on libido and sexual desire while L-Arginine supports the...
- L-Arginine × Pine Bark ExtractInfoPine bark extract (Pycnogenol) combined with L-arginine improved erectile function and endothelial nitric oxide signaling in...
- L-Carnitine × MetoprololInfoL-Carnitine modestly lowers diastolic blood pressure and supports cardiac fatty-acid oxidation. Adjunctive use with metoprolol...
- L-Carnitine × PhosphatidylcholineInfoBoth can contribute to TMAO production via gut bacterial metabolism; clinical relevance is debated.
- L-Citrulline × LisinoprilInfoL-Citrulline is converted to arginine in the kidney and produces sustained increases in nitric oxide. A meta-analysis of...
- L-Citrulline × Oligonol (Lychee Polyphenol)InfoL-Citrulline raises plasma arginine and nitric oxide production while Oligonol supports endothelial function and...
- L-Citrulline × Pine Bark ExtractInfoL-citrulline raises plasma arginine and nitric oxide production, complementing pine bark extract's enhancement and protection of...
- L-Citrulline × SildenafilInfoL-Citrulline can increase L-arginine availability and nitric-oxide-dependent signaling, which is upstream of sildenafil's PDE5...
- L-Citrulline × TadalafilInfoL-Citrulline can raise plasma L-arginine and nitric-oxide signaling, while tadalafil preserves cGMP by inhibiting PDE5. A small...
- L-Citrulline × TaurineInfoBoth amino acids support endothelial function and exercise performance, and are commonly combined for complementary vascular and...
- L-Glutamine × L-GlutathioneInfoGlutamine is a substrate for glutathione synthesis (via glutamate). Combined use supports antioxidant capacity in critical...
- L-Glutamine × ProbioticsInfoL-glutamine fuels intestinal cells and supports the gut barrier, complementing the way probiotics strengthen the mucosal lining.
- L-Glutamine × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoL-glutamine and the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii are often combined for gut barrier and digestive support, acting...
- L-Glutamine × Zinc CarnosineInfoL-glutamine and zinc carnosine are a complementary gut-repair pairing, both promoting integrity and healing of the intestinal...
- L-Glutathione × NACInfoNAC supplies cysteine, the rate-limiting precursor for endogenous glutathione synthesis, so co-supplementation can raise and...
- L-Glutathione × SeleniumInfoSelenium is an essential cofactor for glutathione peroxidase, the enzyme through which glutathione neutralizes peroxides, so...
- L-Glutathione × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C and glutathione recycle each other within the cellular antioxidant network, and vitamin C helps spare and maintain...
- L-Lysine × ValacyclovirInfoValacyclovir is the prodrug of acyclovir, and L-lysine prophylaxis works through a separate, arginine-competition mechanism...
- L-Methionine × MethylfolateInfoMethylfolate is the methyl donor that enables homocysteine remethylation to methionine via methionine synthase.
- L-Methionine × Vitamin B12InfoMethionine is recycled from homocysteine via B12-dependent methionine synthase; adequate B12 is required to handle methionine...
- L-Theanine × L-TyrosineInfoL-Tyrosine supports catecholamine production for alertness under stress while L-theanine promotes calm focus, so the pair tends...
- L-Theanine × LavenderInfoBoth can support calm without strong evidence of dangerous interaction.
- L-Theanine × Lemon BalmInfoBoth support calm without strong respiratory depression, but additive drowsiness is possible.
- L-Theanine × Magnesium CitrateInfoL-theanine and magnesium are both studied for relaxation-related markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- L-Theanine × Magnesium GlycinateInfoL-theanine and magnesium are both studied for relaxation-related markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- L-Theanine × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoL-theanine and magnesium are both studied for relaxation-related markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- L-Theanine × Magnesium MalateInfoL-theanine and magnesium are both studied for relaxation-related markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- L-Theanine × Magnesium TaurateInfoL-theanine and magnesium are both studied for relaxation-related markers, but direct combination evidence is limited.
- L-Theanine × Magnolia BarkInfoBoth may support calm with generally mild tolerability concerns.
- L-Theanine × MelatoninInfoL-theanine eases pre-sleep mental tension while melatonin signals sleep timing, so together they can shorten time to fall asleep...
- L-Theanine × MetoprololInfoL-Theanine blunts stress-induced rises in blood pressure and heart rate in high-stress-responder subjects. Combined with...
- L-Theanine × PassionflowerInfoBoth calm the nervous system mainly through GABA pathways, so combining them can produce additive anxiety-reducing and...
- L-Theanine × PropranololInfoBoth L-theanine and propranolol blunt the cardiovascular response to acute stress. The combination can produce slightly greater...
- L-Theanine × Rhodiola RoseaInfoL-theanine takes the edge off rhodiola's mild stimulating effect, supporting calm, focused stress resilience.
- L-Theanine × SelankInfoL-theanine may add calming effects and confound response tracking.
- L-Theanine × TaurineInfoTaurine and L-theanine both promote GABAergic and calming neurotransmission, giving additive relaxation without sedation.
- L-Theanine × Valerian RootInfoValerian root provides GABAergic sedation while L-theanine promotes calm without strong sedation, giving a complementary...
- L-Theanine × Vitamin B6InfoBoth support GABA production. B6 is the cofactor for glutamic acid decarboxylase, which synthesizes GABA. L-theanine increases...
- L-Tryptophan × L-TyrosineInfoTyrosine and tryptophan compete with each other (and with other large neutral amino acids) for transport across the blood-brain...
- L-Tryptophan × Vitamin B3InfoTryptophan and niacin are linked through a single biosynthetic pathway. Supplemental tryptophan contributes to niacin/NAD+...
- L-Tyrosine × Rhodiola RoseaInfoRhodiola inhibits MAO and COMT, reducing dopamine/norepinephrine breakdown. L-tyrosine provides the precursor. Together they...
- L-Tyrosine × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 (PLP) is a required cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts L-tyrosine to L-DOPA in the dopamine synthesis...
- L-Tyrosine × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is a cofactor for dopamine beta-hydroxylase, which converts dopamine (from tyrosine) to norepinephrine.
- L-Tyrosine × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal is a cofactor for dopamine beta-hydroxylase, which converts dopamine (from tyrosine) to norepinephrine.
- Lacosamide × Magnesium GlycinateInfoUsual magnesium doses are not a direct problem, but very high magnesium exposure in renal impairment can worsen weakness or...
- Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM × ProbioticsInfoNCFM is often used with other probiotic strains such as bifidobacteria, but efficacy is formulation-specific.
- Lactobacillus plantarum 299v × ProbioticsInfoCombining probiotic strains may broaden effects but can also increase gas or make response attribution difficult.
- Lactobacillus Rhamnosus × MetronidazoleInfoLactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea during metronidazole therapy and helps restore gut microbiome...
- Lactobacillus Rhamnosus × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D supports the gut immune barrier. Lactobacillus Rhamnosus modulate the microbiome. Together they support gut-immune...
- Lactoferrin × ProbioticsInfoBoth may support gut and mucosal immune defenses.
- Lactoferrin × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C may support immune function and iron absorption while lactoferrin supports mucosal defense.
- Lactulose × ProbioticsInfoLactulose and probiotics both target gut-derived ammonia pathways in hepatic encephalopathy. Trials and meta-analyses show...
- Lamotrigine × Vitamin D3InfoUnlike enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenytoin), lamotrigine has minimal effects on CYP-mediated vitamin D...
- Lansoprazole × Vitamin CInfoLansoprazole reduces the bioavailability of dietary vitamin C by raising intragastric pH, which destabilizes ascorbate. A...
- Larazotide Acetate × ProbioticsInfoProbiotics can alter GI symptoms and make it harder to judge larazotide response.
- Larazotide Acetate × QuercetinInfoQuercetin is often used for barrier or mast-cell claims and can confound symptom tracking.
- Levetiracetam × Vitamin D3InfoLevetiracetam has minimal enzyme-inducing effects compared to other anticonvulsants, but long-term use may still modestly reduce...
- Levofloxacin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during levofloxacin therapy reduces the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve...
- Lion's Mane × Magnesium L-ThreonateInfoBoth support neuroplasticity through different mechanisms. Magnesium L-threonate enhances synaptic density; lion's mane promotes...
- Lion's Mane × PhosphatidylserineInfoThe pair supports neuronal structure and signaling, with Lion's Mane stimulating neurotrophic factors and Phosphatidylserine...
- Lion's Mane × ReishiInfoReishi and lion's mane are frequently stacked in nootropic and wellness blends, pairing calming and immune support with...
- Liraglutide × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium may improve glycemic markers and constipation, but it forms a viscous gel and can interfere with oral products if taken...
- Lisinopril × Magnesium CitrateInfoMagnesium supplementation lowers blood pressure modestly, with meta-analyses reporting about 2-3 mm Hg systolic and 2 mm Hg...
- Lisinopril × Magnesium TaurateInfoMagnesium supplementation lowers blood pressure modestly, with meta-analyses reporting about 2-3 mm Hg systolic reductions in...
- Lisinopril × NACInfoNAC has direct ACE-inhibitory activity (about 30% reduction in ACE activity in vivo) and provides sulfhydryl groups that may...
- Lisinopril × Olive Leaf ExtractInfoOlive Leaf Extract lowers blood pressure (about 4-11 mm Hg systolic depending on dose) and was non-inferior to captopril for...
- Lisinopril × QuercetinInfoQuercetin lowers blood pressure modestly (about 5-7 mm Hg systolic in stage 1 hypertensives) through endothelial improvement,...
- Lisinopril × SpirulinaInfoSpirulina lowers blood pressure modestly in adults (about 3-5 mm Hg systolic and 3-4 mm Hg diastolic in meta-analyses). It also...
- Lisinopril × TaurineInfoTaurine lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and hypertensive adults (about 7 mm Hg systolic in randomized trials) and...
- Lisinopril × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D directly suppresses renin biosynthesis, so vitamin D deficiency leaves the renin-angiotensin system over-activated....
- Lithium × ZincInfoZinc and lithium have minor interactions related to shared transport mechanisms and effects on thyroid function. While the...
- LL-37 × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D status influences endogenous cathelicidin expression, but this does not validate exogenous LL-37 use.
- Losartan × Magnesium CitrateInfoMagnesium supplementation lowers blood pressure modestly (about 2-3 mm Hg systolic and 2 mm Hg diastolic) when added to...
- Losartan × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D directly suppresses renin biosynthesis, so vitamin D deficiency leaves the renin-angiotensin system over-activated....
- Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide × Magnesium GlycinateInfoLosartan/Hydrochlorothiazide can lower magnesium in some patients, and magnesium replacement may be needed when deficiency is...
- Lutein × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lutein.
- Lutein × ZeaxanthinInfoLutein and zeaxanthin are the two carotenoids that make up macular pigment and are routinely combined for eye and macular health.
- Luteolin × QuercetinInfoLuteolin and quercetin are both flavonoids with overlapping mast-cell-stabilizing, antihistaminic, and NF-kappaB-inhibiting...
- Lycopene × MCT OilInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Lycopene.
- Lycopene × Saw PalmettoInfoLycopene and saw palmetto are frequently combined for prostate health, and combination trials suggest complementary benefit for...
- Lycopene × SeleniumInfoLycopene and selenium have complementary antioxidant actions and have been studied together for prostate health and as...
- Lycopene × Vitamin EInfoLycopene and vitamin E are lipid-soluble antioxidants that work together in cell membranes and lipoproteins, with vitamin E...
- Maca Root × TestosteroneInfoMaca (Lepidium meyenii) has shown benefits for libido and sexual function in small trials but does not raise serum testosterone....
- Maca Root × Tongkat AliInfoMaca improves subjective libido without changing hormones; tongkat ali raises testosterone. Combined use targets both subjective...
- Maca Root × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoCombining Tribulus and Maca pairs two libido and sexual function botanicals that act through largely separate pathways, giving...
- Magnesium Citrate × ManganeseInfoTaking a large magnesium dose at the same time as manganese may slightly reduce manganese absorption through general...
- Magnesium Citrate × MelatoninInfoMelatonin and magnesium are commonly used in sleep routines, but direct stack evidence and optimal dosing vary.
- Magnesium Citrate × Vitamin B1InfoMagnesium is required for thiamine (B1) utilization. Magnesium deficiency impairs thiamine-dependent enzyme activity.
- Magnesium Citrate × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 increases intracellular magnesium accumulation. Magnesium is required for B6 activation to its coenzyme form PLP.
- Magnesium Citrate × Vitamin D3InfoMagnesium is essential for vitamin D metabolism. It's required for the enzymes that convert D3 to its active form calcitriol.
- Magnesium Glycinate × MedroxyprogesteroneInfoMagnesium plays a structural and signaling role in bone health and supports the calcium-vitamin D-PTH axis. Although direct DMPA...
- Magnesium Glycinate × MelatoninInfoMelatonin and magnesium are commonly used in sleep routines, but direct stack evidence and optimal dosing vary.
- Magnesium Glycinate × MetforminInfoMagnesium is a cofactor for insulin receptor signaling and low intracellular magnesium contributes to insulin resistance, a...
- Magnesium Glycinate × PaliperidoneInfoMagnesium deficiency can worsen QT-related arrhythmia risk in patients taking QT-affecting antipsychotics.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum (Sunfiber)InfoBoth can affect bowel habits; magnesium may loosen stools while PHGG changes stool water and fermentation.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Peppermint Oil (Enteric-Coated)InfoMagnesium can loosen stool while peppermint oil relaxes smooth muscle, potentially increasing diarrhea or urgency in sensitive...
- Magnesium Glycinate × PregnenoloneInfoPregnenolone is a neurosteroid that modulates GABA receptors and magnesium glycinate supports relaxation and sleep, so the pair...
- Magnesium Glycinate × ProchlorperazineInfoLow magnesium increases vulnerability to torsades when QT-prolonging drugs are used.
- Magnesium Glycinate × RabeprazoleInfoMagnesium supplementation may help correct low magnesium during PPI therapy, but severe PPI-associated hypomagnesemia can...
- Magnesium Glycinate × Rhodiola RoseaInfoMagnesium supports the stress response and nervous system relaxation, complementing rhodiola's adaptogenic effect on stress and...
- Magnesium Glycinate × RivastigmineInfoMagnesium can loosen stools, while rivastigmine commonly causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Salmeterol/FluticasoneInfoMagnesium repletion can support normal airway and cardiac physiology when deficiency is present.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Sodium BicarbonateInfoBoth can cause GI symptoms in some users, especially near training.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Sodium ButyrateInfoBoth supplements can loosen stools at higher intakes, magnesium via an osmotic effect and butyrate via effects on bowel habit....
- Magnesium Glycinate × TacrolimusInfoMagnesium can help correct tacrolimus-associated hypomagnesemia when monitored.
- Magnesium Glycinate × TaurineInfoTaurine and magnesium are both calcium channel modulators with cardiovascular and sleep benefits; combined use is common in...
- Magnesium Glycinate × TorsemideInfoTorsemide can lower magnesium in some patients, and magnesium replacement may be needed when deficiency is documented.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Vitamin B1InfoMagnesium is required for thiamine (B1) utilization. Magnesium deficiency impairs thiamine-dependent enzyme activity.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 increases intracellular magnesium accumulation. Magnesium is required for B6 activation to its coenzyme form PLP.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Vitamin D2InfoMagnesium is required for the body to convert Vitamin D2 into its biologically active form. With low magnesium status,...
- Magnesium Glycinate × Vitamin D3InfoMagnesium is essential for vitamin D metabolism. It's required for the enzymes that convert D3 to its active form calcitriol.
- Magnesium Glycinate × Vitamin K2InfoMagnesium supports the vitamin D activation and calcium handling that vitamin K2 then directs into bone, complementing K2's role...
- Magnesium Glycinate × ZincInfoHigh-dose zinc and high-dose magnesium can compete at intestinal divalent cation transporters; effect is significant only at...
- Magnesium Glycinate × ZiprasidoneInfoLow magnesium can increase torsades de pointes risk in patients taking QT-prolonging drugs such as ziprasidone.
- Magnesium L-Threonate × MelatoninInfoMelatonin and magnesium are commonly used in sleep routines, but direct stack evidence and optimal dosing vary.
- Magnesium L-Threonate × Vitamin B1InfoMagnesium is required for thiamine (B1) utilization. Magnesium deficiency impairs thiamine-dependent enzyme activity.
- Magnesium L-Threonate × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 increases intracellular magnesium accumulation. Magnesium is required for B6 activation to its coenzyme form PLP.
- Magnesium L-Threonate × Vitamin D3InfoMagnesium is essential for vitamin D metabolism. It's required for the enzymes that convert D3 to its active form calcitriol.
- Magnesium Malate × MelatoninInfoMelatonin and magnesium are commonly used in sleep routines, but direct stack evidence and optimal dosing vary.
- Magnesium Malate × Vitamin B1InfoMagnesium is required for thiamine (B1) utilization. Magnesium deficiency impairs thiamine-dependent enzyme activity.
- Magnesium Malate × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 increases intracellular magnesium accumulation. Magnesium is required for B6 activation to its coenzyme form PLP.
- Magnesium Malate × Vitamin D3InfoMagnesium is essential for vitamin D metabolism. It's required for the enzymes that convert D3 to its active form calcitriol.
- Magnesium Taurate × MelatoninInfoMelatonin and magnesium are commonly used in sleep routines, but direct stack evidence and optimal dosing vary.
- Magnesium Taurate × Vitamin B1InfoMagnesium is required for thiamine (B1) utilization. Magnesium deficiency impairs thiamine-dependent enzyme activity.
- Magnesium Taurate × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 increases intracellular magnesium accumulation. Magnesium is required for B6 activation to its coenzyme form PLP.
- Magnesium Taurate × Vitamin D3InfoMagnesium is essential for vitamin D metabolism. It's required for the enzymes that convert D3 to its active form calcitriol.
- Manganese × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is documented to increase absorption of non-heme divalent metals via the DMT1 pathway that manganese also uses....
- Marshmallow Root × ZincInfoMucilage may delay or reduce zinc supplement absorption.
- MCT Oil × ResveratrolInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Resveratrol.
- MCT Oil × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Turmeric/Curcumin.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin AInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin A.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin D2InfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D2.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin D3InfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin D3.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin EInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin E.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin K1InfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K1.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin K2InfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2.
- MCT Oil × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Vitamin K2 MK-4.
- MCT Oil × ZeaxanthinInfoMCT Oil provides a fat-containing carrier that can improve absorption of fat-soluble compounds like Zeaxanthin.
- Medroxyprogesterone × Vitamin B6InfoDMPA can cause or worsen low mood in some users, and depleted B6 status (common in women on hormonal contraception) may...
- Medroxyprogesterone × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 complements calcium and vitamin D for bone protection during DMPA use by activating osteocalcin and matrix Gla...
- Melatonin × MethylphenidateInfoMelatonin may help counteract the insomnia commonly caused by stimulant medications like methylphenidate. Research supports the...
- Melatonin × MetoprololInfoMetoprolol suppresses endogenous melatonin production by approximately 50% through blockade of beta-1 adrenergic receptors on...
- Melatonin × OlanzapineInfoMelatonin has been studied as an adjunct to reduce some metabolic side effects of olanzapine, including weight and...
- Melatonin × OmeprazoleInfoMelatonin has gastroprotective and lower esophageal sphincter-tonifying effects and shows additive symptom relief when combined...
- Melatonin × PantoprazoleInfoMelatonin has gastroprotective effects and increases lower esophageal sphincter tone, and small randomized trials show additive...
- Melatonin × PropranololInfoPropranolol suppresses nocturnal melatonin synthesis by blocking pineal beta-1 receptors. Melatonin supplementation can restore...
- Melatonin × SelankInfoMelatonin can add sedation or vivid dreams when combined with CNS-active peptides.
- Melatonin × SemaxInfoMelatonin may counter activating effects but can confound sleep and cognition tracking.
- Melatonin × Tart Cherry ExtractInfoTart cherry naturally contains small amounts of melatonin, so taking it alongside a melatonin supplement adds a small amount of...
- Melatonin × TheacrineInfoTheacrine taken late can oppose melatonin-supported sleep onset.
- Melatonin × Timolol OphthalmicInfoSystemic absorption of timolol eye drops can blunt nocturnal melatonin production by blocking beta1 receptors on the pineal...
- Melatonin × VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)InfoMelatonin-related sleepiness may worsen dizziness from VIP-related hypotension.
- Mesalamine × ProbioticsInfoMulti-strain probiotics have been studied as add-ons to 5-ASA therapy, including mesalamine, in ulcerative colitis. Trials of...
- Mesalamine × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii has limited human evidence as an add-on during mesalamine maintenance for mild-to-moderate ulcerative...
- Mesalamine × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCurcumin has randomized-trial and meta-analysis evidence as an adjunct to mesalamine in mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis....
- Metformin × MethylfolateInfoMetformin can lower serum folate as well as vitamin B12, with longer treatment duration linked to lower folate levels and higher...
- Metformin × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D deficiency is common in type 2 diabetes and is associated with insulin resistance. Meta-analyses of vitamin D...
- Methimazole × SeleniumInfoSelenium has been studied as an add-on to methimazole in Graves' disease. Some smaller trials suggest improved antibody or early...
- Methylcobalamin × OmeprazoleInfoMethylcobalamin, the active coenzyme form of vitamin B12, does not require gastric acid or pepsin to be released from food...
- Methylcobalamin × PantoprazoleInfoMethylcobalamin is a coenzyme form of B12 absorbed without needing gastric acid to free it from dietary protein, making it a...
- Methylcobalamin × SAMeInfoSAMe is the universal methyl donor; methylcobalamin supports the methionine cycle that regenerates SAMe.
- Methylcobalamin × Vitamin B6InfoB6, B12, and folate work together to metabolize homocysteine. All three are needed for optimal methylation.
- Methylfolate × Myo-Inositol & D-Chiro-InositolInfoFolate is often paired with inositol in reproductive-age PCOS users, especially when pregnancy is possible.
- Methylfolate × NiacinamideInfoFolate status complements B-vitamin metabolism but does not replace niacinamide.
- Methylfolate × PhosphatidylcholineInfoBoth contribute to the methyl donor pool; choline can compensate for low folate in some methylation reactions and vice versa.
- Methylfolate × RisperidoneInfoMethylfolate has been studied as an adjunct in medicated schizophrenia patients with residual symptoms. Benefits appear...
- Methylfolate × TrimethylglycineInfoTMG and methylfolate act on parallel homocysteine remethylation routes: TMG drives the folate-independent BHMT pathway while...
- Methylfolate × Vitamin B2InfoRiboflavin is the cofactor for the MTHFR enzyme that converts folate to its active form, so good riboflavin status improves...
- Methylfolate × Vitamin B6InfoB6 is required for the conversion of serine to glycine, which generates 5,10-methyleneTHF needed for folate-dependent one-carbon...
- Methylfolate × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C protects folate from oxidative degradation and helps maintain it in its reduced, active form.
- Methylfolate × ZincInfoHigh-dose zinc (>40mg) may impair folate absorption by inhibiting the folate conjugase enzyme in the gut.
- Metoprolol × PotassiumInfoMetoprolol alone does not significantly affect potassium levels. However, it is frequently prescribed alongside diuretics (e.g.,...
- Metoprolol × ResveratrolInfoHigh-dose resveratrol (≥150 mg/day) modestly reduces systolic blood pressure and improves endothelial function. Combined with...
- Metronidazole × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during metronidazole therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- Metronidazole × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii is a yeast probiotic with strong evidence for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and it is...
- Milk Thistle × NACInfoBoth support liver health through glutathione-related mechanisms. NAC provides glutathione precursor; silymarin protects liver...
- Milk Thistle × SchisandraInfoSchisandra lignans and milk thistle silymarin both support hepatocyte protection and antioxidant defense, giving complementary...
- Milk Thistle × SulforaphaneInfoSulforaphane and silymarin (the active fraction of milk thistle) both activate Nrf2-driven cytoprotective and antioxidant...
- Milk Thistle × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth are hepatoprotective compounds that support liver health through complementary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
- Minocycline × ProbioticsInfoMinocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can kill the live bacterial cultures in probiotic supplements taken at the same...
- MitoQ (Mitoquinone) × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant that can recycle the oxidized ubiquinone moiety back to its reduced ubiquinol form,...
- Molybdenum × MSMInfoThis is a mechanistically grounded but largely theoretical absorption-competition concern. The molybdate versus sulfate...
- Molybdenum × NACInfoMolybdenum is a required cofactor for sulfite oxidase, the enzyme that detoxifies the sulfite generated when N-acetylcysteine...
- Moringa × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C enhances absorption of the non-heme iron in moringa and supports its antioxidant activity, improving the nutritional...
- MSM × Vitamin CInfoMSM provides sulfur and antioxidant support that complements vitamin C's role in collagen synthesis, and the pair is frequently...
- NAC × QuercetinInfoQuercetin and NAC provide complementary antioxidant support, with NAC replenishing glutathione and quercetin scavenging free...
- NAC × RisperidoneInfoNAC has human trial evidence as an adjunct to risperidone for negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The effect is not immediate...
- NAC × SchisandraInfoSchisandra and NAC both raise hepatic glutathione and antioxidant capacity, providing complementary protection against oxidative...
- NAC × SeleniumInfoNAC provides glutathione, and selenium is the catalytic center of glutathione peroxidase enzymes.
- NAC × SpirulinaInfoSpirulina and NAC both support antioxidant defenses through complementary mechanisms, with spirulina (phycocyanin) scavenging...
- NAC × SulforaphaneInfoBoth compounds raise intracellular glutathione: sulforaphane induces the enzymes that synthesize glutathione while NAC supplies...
- NAC × TerbinafineInfoTerbinafine is metabolized to a reactive allylic aldehyde (TBF-A) thought to drive its idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity....
- NAC × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth support liver detoxification and reduce oxidative stress. Curcumin is a direct antioxidant; NAC supports glutathione...
- NAC × Vitamin CInfoNAC replenishes intracellular glutathione, while vitamin C provides extracellular antioxidant support. Complementary antioxidant...
- NAC × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoNAC replenishes intracellular glutathione, while vitamin C provides extracellular antioxidant support. Complementary antioxidant...
- Niacin (Prescription) × QuercetinInfoPrescription niacin causes prostaglandin-mediated cutaneous flushing (warmth, redness, itching), the most common reason for...
- Niacin (Prescription) × Vitamin B6InfoNiacin (nicotinic acid) is a B-vitamin (vitamin B3). High-dose prescription niacin overlaps with niacin supplements and is...
- Niacinamide × Vitamin B12InfoB vitamins are often used together to support methylation, red blood cell production, and energy metabolism.
- Nicotinamide Riboside × ResveratrolInfoNR raises cellular NAD+ levels, and resveratrol is a putative SIRT1 activator. Because sirtuins consume NAD+ as a cosubstrate,...
- Nicotinamide Riboside × Vitamin B12InfoFatigue and low-energy symptoms attributed to declining NAD+ overlap substantially with symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency,...
- Nitrofurantoin × ProbioticsInfoProbiotic supplementation during nitrofurantoin therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve gut microbiome...
- NMN × PQQInfoPQQ and NMN act on convergent mitochondrial and NAD-related pathways, supporting mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy...
- NMN × ResveratrolInfoNMN supports NAD+-pathway markers, while resveratrol has sirtuin-related preclinical research; direct human evidence for the...
- NMN × SpermidineInfoSpermidine (autophagy) and NMN (NAD+ restoration) target complementary aging mechanisms and are commonly combined in longevity...
- NMN × Urolithin AInfoBoth target mitochondrial and cellular-energy pathways through complementary mechanisms: Urolithin A clears damaged mitochondria...
- NMN × Vitamin B3InfoBoth are NAD+ precursors through different pathways. Taking both may be redundant and could lead to excessive NAD+ precursor...
- Nystatin × ProbioticsInfoOral nystatin can reduce viability of yeast-containing probiotics such as Saccharomyces boulardii when taken together.
- Oligonol (Lychee Polyphenol) × QuercetinInfoBoth are plant polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity; combining them provides overlapping...
- Oligonol (Lychee Polyphenol) × Vitamin CInfoOligonol is a polyphenol antioxidant and vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant; together they contribute complementary...
- Olive Leaf Extract × QuercetinInfoOlive leaf polyphenols and quercetin are complementary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoids that may also additively...
- Omega-7 × Sea Buckthorn OilInfoSea buckthorn oil is itself a common omega-7 source, so combining with separate omega-7 can duplicate palmitoleic acid exposure.
- Omeprazole × ProbioticsInfoOmeprazole shifts the gut microbiome and roughly doubles the risk of Clostridioides difficile and small intestinal bacterial...
- Omeprazole × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoSaccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast probiotic with strong evidence for preventing antibiotic-associated and C....
- Omeprazole × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoA 2023 randomized, double-blind trial in patients with functional dyspepsia found curcumin alone, omeprazole alone, and the...
- Omeprazole × Vitamin CInfoPPIs like omeprazole reduce gastric vitamin C levels by increasing gastric pH, which oxidizes ascorbic acid to its less...
- Omeprazole × Zinc CarnosineInfoZinc-L-carnosine (polaprezinc) is a mucosal-protective chelate widely used in Japan for gastritis and ulcer healing. It is well...
- Oseltamivir × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D supplementation modestly reduces the risk of acute respiratory infections, particularly in deficient individuals, per...
- Oseltamivir × ZincInfoZinc supports antiviral immune function and meta-analyses show modest reductions in common cold duration with zinc lozenges....
- Ox Bile × Vitamin D3InfoBile is required to absorb fat-soluble vitamin D3, so ox bile can improve uptake of D3 supplements in people with low bile...
- Ox Bile × Vitamin K2InfoOx bile can enhance absorption of Vitamin K2 by promoting the bile-salt micelle formation that menaquinone requires to cross the...
- Paliperidone × PotassiumInfoLow potassium can increase arrhythmia risk when QT interval is prolonged.
- Panax Ginseng × Rhodiola RoseaInfoPanax ginseng and Rhodiola rosea are both stimulating adaptogens often combined for fatigue and stress, but stacking them may...
- Pantoprazole × ProbioticsInfoPantoprazole shifts gut microbiota and increases the risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhea and small intestinal bacterial...
- Pantoprazole × Vitamin CInfoPantoprazole, like other PPIs, may reduce gastric vitamin C levels by altering the gastric pH environment. Vitamin C...
- Pantoprazole × Zinc CarnosineInfoZinc-L-carnosine (polaprezinc) is a mucosal-protective chelate with evidence for faster ulcer healing and improved gastric...
- Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum (Sunfiber) × ProbioticsInfoPHGG can act as a fermentable substrate for beneficial bacteria and may complement probiotic use.
- Penicillin V Potassium × ZincInfoDivalent mineral cations such as zinc can form complexes with certain antibiotics. While the chelation interaction is far...
- Peppermint Oil (Enteric-Coated) × ProbioticsInfoProbiotics and peppermint oil may both support IBS symptoms through different mechanisms.
- Peppermint Oil (Enteric-Coated) × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium and peppermint oil may address different IBS symptom drivers: stool form and spasm.
- Phosphatidylcholine × PhosphatidylserineInfoPhosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine are complementary membrane phospholipids that together support neuronal membrane...
- Pine Bark Extract × RamiprilInfoPine Bark Extract (Pycnogenol) lowers blood pressure (about 3 mm Hg systolic and 3 mm Hg diastolic in a meta-analysis) and has...
- Pine Bark Extract × Saw PalmettoInfoSaw palmetto and pine bark extract (pycnogenol) are sometimes stacked in men's urinary and prostate formulas, pairing hormonal...
- Pine Bark Extract × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C regenerates the oxidized flavonoid components of pine bark extract, helping sustain their antioxidant and...
- Pioglitazone × Vitamin D3InfoPioglitazone increases fracture risk; correcting vitamin D deficiency is relevant to bone-health risk reduction.
- Plant Sterols (Phytosterols) × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium and plant sterols lower LDL-C through complementary mechanisms.
- Plant Sterols (Phytosterols) × Vitamin EInfoPlant sterols can reduce absorption of some fat-soluble compounds and carotenoids.
- Polyethylene Glycol × Vitamin CInfoPolyethylene glycol bowel-preparation products are sometimes formulated with gram-dose ascorbic acid to improve cleansing with a...
- Potassium × ProchlorperazineInfoHypokalemia can increase QT-related arrhythmia risk during prochlorperazine therapy.
- Potassium × Salmeterol/FluticasoneInfoBeta-2 agonists can lower serum potassium at high exposure, and correcting true hypokalemia reduces arrhythmia risk.
- Potassium × Sodium ButyrateInfoSodium butyrate adds sodium to the diet. For individuals on sodium- or potassium-restricted regimens, or taking potassium...
- Potassium × TaurineInfoTaurine helps stabilize cardiomyocyte membranes and supports intracellular potassium handling, complementing potassium intake...
- Potassium × ZiprasidoneInfoHypokalemia increases QT-related arrhythmia risk during ziprasidone therapy.
- PQQ × Vitamin B3InfoPQQ and vitamin B3 converge on NAD+ metabolism. This is an on-pathway analog of the better-known PQQ plus NMN/NR combination:...
- PQQ × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C and PQQ can work together as a coupled redox antioxidant system. Ascorbic acid donates electrons to convert PQQ into...
- Probiotics × Psyllium HuskInfoPsyllium is a partially fermentable fiber that can feed beneficial bacteria, acting as a synbiotic that supports probiotic...
- Probiotics × Saccharomyces BoulardiiInfoAdding the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii to bacterial probiotics broadens coverage and is particularly effective for...
- Probiotics × Sodium ButyrateInfoButyrate is an end-product of microbial fermentation, and certain probiotic and prebiotic-fed commensal species are butyrate...
- Probiotics × TerbinafineInfoOral terbinafine treats fungal infections but its mycobiome and microbiome impact in humans is incompletely characterized, and...
- Probiotics × TetracyclineInfoTetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can kill the live bacteria in probiotic supplements taken at the same time,...
- Probiotics × Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleInfoProbiotic supplementation during trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea and helps preserve...
- Probiotics × Turkey TailInfoTurkey tail polysaccharopeptide (PSP) acts as a prebiotic that favorably shifts gut microbiota composition, complementing the...
- Probiotics × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D supports the gut immune barrier. Probiotics modulate the microbiome. Together they support gut-immune axis health.
- Probiotics × Whey ProteinInfoProbiotics may improve GI tolerance in some users, though direct performance synergy is limited.
- Psyllium Husk × SemaglutideInfoPsyllium may improve glycemic markers and constipation, but it forms a viscous gel and can interfere with oral products if taken...
- Psyllium Husk × SimvastatinInfoPsyllium husk can enhance LDL lowering when added to simvastatin. In a randomized trial, low-dose simvastatin plus psyllium...
- Psyllium Husk × TirzepatideInfoPsyllium can complement tirzepatide for postprandial glucose and constipation support, but additive GI slowing can worsen...
- Pterostilbene × ResveratrolInfoPterostilbene is the dimethylated analog of resveratrol with markedly higher oral bioavailability and a longer half-life. The...
- Pterostilbene × Vitamin B12InfoPterostilbene is frequently paired with NAD precursors to support sirtuin activity. Methyl-group sufficiency, supported by B12...
- Pygeum Africanum × Saw PalmettoInfoPygeum and saw palmetto are commonly combined for BPH symptom support.
- Pygeum Africanum × ZincInfoZinc is often included in prostate formulas, but direct clinical synergy with pygeum is not established.
- Quercetin × ResveratrolInfoQuercetin inhibits resveratrol glucuronidation, increasing resveratrol bioavailability. Both are polyphenol antioxidants with...
- Quercetin × RutinInfoRutin is the rhamnoglucoside of quercetin and is hydrolyzed by gut microbiota to release quercetin, so the two share overlapping...
- Quercetin × TangeretinInfoTangeretin and quercetin are plant flavonoids with overlapping antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions and are commonly...
- Quercetin × Tart Cherry ExtractInfoQuercetin is a flavonoid present in cherries, and supplementing it alongside tart cherry polyphenols may give additive...
- Quercetin × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoBoth are potent anti-inflammatory polyphenols that modulate NF-κB and COX-2 through complementary mechanisms.
- Quercetin × Vitamin CInfoQuercetin and vitamin C have synergistic antioxidant effects. Vitamin C helps regenerate oxidized quercetin.
- Quercetin × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoQuercetin and vitamin C have synergistic antioxidant effects. Vitamin C Liposomal helps regenerate oxidized quercetin.
- Quercetin × ZincInfoQuercetin has shown zinc-ionophore activity in cell models, but clinical immune benefit from combining quercetin with zinc is...
- Rabeprazole × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C can improve non-heme iron absorption and may partly offset reduced iron solubility during acid suppression.
- Raloxifene × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D sufficiency improves calcium absorption and supports raloxifene-based osteoporosis care.
- Raloxifene × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 is sometimes used for bone matrix protein carboxylation and may overlap with bone-health goals.
- Red Clover Isoflavones × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D sufficiency supports calcium absorption and bone health.
- Reishi × Turkey TailInfoTurkey tail and reishi are both beta-glucan-rich medicinal mushrooms that modulate innate immune cell activity through...
- Resveratrol × SpermidineInfoBoth spermidine and resveratrol are studied as autophagy-inducing caloric-restriction mimetics, acting through partly convergent...
- Resveratrol × Urolithin AInfoBoth are studied within the polyphenol/longevity space and influence mitochondrial biogenesis pathways, though by different...
- Rhodiola Rosea × SchisandraInfoSchisandra and Rhodiola are both adaptogens that modulate the stress response and reduce fatigue, with traditional and clinical...
- Risedronate × Vitamin D3InfoRisedronate, like other bisphosphonates, depends on adequate vitamin D status for full bone benefit and for protection against...
- Risedronate × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 complements bisphosphonate therapy by activating osteocalcin, the matrix protein that binds calcium into bone....
- Royal Jelly × Vitamin CInfoRoyal jelly and vitamin C provide complementary antioxidant support without a known adverse interaction, and are commonly...
- Rutin × Vitamin CInfoRutin and vitamin C are classically combined for capillary support. Vitamin C contributes to collagen synthesis and vascular...
- Saccharomyces Boulardii × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D supports the gut immune barrier. Saccharomyces Boulardii modulate the microbiome. Together they support gut-immune...
- SAMe × Vitamin B6InfoSupplemental SAMe increases flux through the methionine cycle and generates homocysteine downstream. Vitamin B6 is the cofactor...
- Saw Palmetto × SilodosinInfoSaw palmetto is often used for urinary symptoms and may overlap with silodosin goals, but evidence is less consistent than...
- Saw Palmetto × Stinging Nettle RootInfoThis is a common BPH botanical pairing and may provide complementary LUTS support.
- Saw Palmetto × TamsulosinInfoSaw palmetto, especially standardized hexanic Serenoa repens extract, has been studied as an add-on to tamsulosin for moderate...
- Saw Palmetto × TestosteroneInfoSaw palmetto is often marketed for androgen and prostate symptoms, but clinically meaningful hormone-lowering or BPH symptom...
- Saw Palmetto × Tongkat AliInfoTongkat ali raises testosterone; saw palmetto reduces DHT conversion. Combined effects on prostate-relevant androgens are mixed.
- Saw Palmetto × ZincInfoSaw palmetto and zinc are a classic prostate-support pairing that target the same hormonal pathway, giving additive support...
- Selenium × SulforaphaneInfoSulforaphane and selenium act on the same antioxidant axis: sulforaphane induces the genes for selenium-dependent enzymes...
- Selenium × Vitamin EInfoSelenium and vitamin E work synergistically as antioxidants. Selenium is part of glutathione peroxidase, while E breaks lipid...
- Selenium × ZincInfoBoth support immune function and antioxidant defense. Zinc supports SOD and thymulin; selenium supports GPx and selenoproteins.
- Selenium × Zinc CarnosineInfoBoth support immune function and antioxidant defense. Zinc Carnosine supports SOD and thymulin; selenium supports GPx and...
- Selenium × Zinc PicolinateInfoBoth support immune function and antioxidant defense. Zinc Picolinate supports SOD and thymulin; selenium supports GPx and...
- Shilajit × Tongkat AliInfoShilajit and Tongkat Ali are frequently stacked for testosterone, energy, and libido, and the pairing is mechanistically...
- Silicon × Vitamin B7InfoSilicon and biotin (vitamin B7) are commonly combined for hair, skin, and nail support, with silicon supporting collagen and...
- Silicon × Vitamin D3InfoHuman and mechanistic data support a complementary, bone-building relationship rather than any adverse interaction. In a...
- Slippery Elm × ZincInfoMucilage may reduce immediate zinc absorption.
- Soy Isoflavones × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D sufficiency supports calcium absorption and bone remodeling.
- Spirulina × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C taken with spirulina improves absorption of spirulina's non-heme iron, supporting its use for iron status.
- Stinging Nettle Root × ZincInfoZinc is often used in prostate formulas, though direct synergy with nettle root is not well proven.
- Strontium × Vitamin D3InfoAdequate vitamin D3 supports the calcium handling and bone mineralization environment in which strontium exerts its...
- Strontium × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin K2 supports directing calcium into bone and away from arteries, complementing strontium's bone-building action within a...
- Sulfasalazine × Turmeric/CurcuminInfoCurcumin has been studied as an add-on to sulfasalazine or mesalamine for ulcerative colitis remission maintenance. In a...
- Sulforaphane × Vitamin CInfoWhen sulforaphane is taken in precursor (glucoraphanin) form, vitamin C can improve its conversion to the active molecule by...
- Tart Cherry Extract × Vitamin CInfoHigh-dose antioxidant supplementation around exercise can blunt some of the beneficial training adaptations to endurance and...
- Tenofovir Disoproxil × Vitamin CInfoTenofovir disoproxil is eliminated renally and can cause nephrotoxicity, including a Fanconi-like proximal tubulopathy, in...
- Tenofovir Disoproxil × Vitamin D3InfoTenofovir disoproxil can reduce bone mineral density and may contribute to phosphate wasting; correcting vitamin D deficiency is...
- Testosterone × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoTribulus terrestris is widely marketed as a testosterone booster, but systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally find no...
- Testosterone × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D deficiency is associated with lower testosterone in observational studies, but a high-quality RCT showed that 20,000...
- Testosterone × ZincInfoZinc is essential for testosterone synthesis and metabolism. It inhibits aromatase (preventing testosterone-to-estrogen...
- Theophylline × Vitamin B6InfoVitamin B6 may help correct low pyridoxal phosphate status associated with long-term theophylline therapy.
- Thymalin × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D status is relevant to immune function, but it does not validate thymalin use.
- Thymalin × ZincInfoZinc deficiency impairs immune function but high-dose zinc can create copper deficiency.
- Thymosin Alpha-1 × Vitamin D3InfoVitamin D status is relevant to immune regulation but does not replace immunologic diagnosis.
- Thymosin Alpha-1 × ZincInfoZinc deficiency can impair immune function, but high-dose zinc can cause copper deficiency.
- Tongkat Ali × Tribulus TerrestrisInfoTribulus and Tongkat Ali are both used to support libido and male sexual function, with complementary traditional and clinical...
- Tribulus Terrestris × ZincInfoZinc is an essential cofactor for testosterone synthesis, so correcting low zinc status complements the libido-supporting use of...
- Trimethylglycine × Vitamin B12InfoAdequate B12 ensures the methionine synthase pathway functions, so that methyl groups from both folate and betaine are used...
- Trimethylglycine × ZincInfoZinc is the catalytic metal cofactor for betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), the enzyme through which TMG donates its...
- Valacyclovir × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C has in vitro antiviral effects against HSV and supports immune function; combined with valacyclovir for recurrent HSV...
- Valproic Acid × Vitamin B9InfoVitamin B9, usually as folic acid, has human evidence as an adjunct to sodium valproate in acute mania and is also clinically...
- Vancomycin × Vitamin CInfoHigh-dose intravenous or oral vitamin C is being studied and used in some critical-care protocols. Because intravenous...
- Vitamin A × Vitamin EInfoVitamin E protects vitamin A from oxidation in the gut, increasing its absorption and stability.
- Vitamin A × Vitamin K2InfoVitamins A and K2 contribute to bone and calcium handling alongside vitamin D, supporting balanced mineralization at nutritional...
- Vitamin A × ZincInfoZinc is required for retinol-binding protein synthesis and vitamin A transport from the liver. Zinc deficiency impairs vitamin A...
- Vitamin A × Zinc CarnosineInfoZinc Carnosine is required for retinol-binding protein synthesis and vitamin A transport from the liver. Zinc Carnosine...
- Vitamin A × Zinc PicolinateInfoZinc Picolinate is required for retinol-binding protein synthesis and vitamin A transport from the liver. Zinc Picolinate...
- Vitamin B12 × Vitamin B6InfoB6, B12, and folate work together to metabolize homocysteine. All three are needed for optimal methylation.
- Vitamin B2 × Vitamin B3InfoB2 (riboflavin) is needed for the synthesis of NAD+ from niacin (B3) via the kynurenine pathway.
- Vitamin B2 × Vitamin B6InfoRiboflavin (B2) is needed for the conversion of B6 to its active coenzyme form PLP.
- Vitamin B5 × Vitamin B7InfoBoth vitamins ride the same SMVT carrier in the gut and at the cellular level, so they are direct competitive substrates. Cell...
- Vitamin B5 × Vitamin CInfoBoth support adrenal function and cortisol regulation. B5 (pantothenic acid) is critical for CoA synthesis needed in adrenal...
- Vitamin B5 × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoBoth support adrenal function and cortisol regulation. B5 (pantothenic acid) is critical for CoA synthesis needed in adrenal...
- Vitamin B6 × Vitamin B9InfoB6 is required for the conversion of serine to glycine, which generates 5,10-methyleneTHF needed for folate-dependent one-carbon...
- Vitamin B6 × Vitex (Chasteberry)InfoVitamin B6 is sometimes paired with PMS support and may influence neurotransmitter and prolactin-related pathways.
- Vitamin B9 × Vitamin CInfoVitamin C protects folate from oxidative degradation and helps maintain it in its reduced, active form.
- Vitamin B9 × Vitamin C LiposomalInfoVitamin C Liposomal protects folate from oxidative degradation and helps maintain it in its reduced, active form.
- Vitamin B9 × ZincInfoHigh-dose zinc (>40mg) may impair folate absorption by inhibiting the folate conjugase enzyme in the gut.
- Vitamin B9 × Zinc CarnosineInfoHigh-dose zinc carnosine (>40mg) may impair folate absorption by inhibiting the folate conjugase enzyme in the gut.
- Vitamin B9 × Zinc PicolinateInfoHigh-dose zinc picolinate (>40mg) may impair folate absorption by inhibiting the folate conjugase enzyme in the gut.
- Vitamin C × Vitamin EInfoVitamin C regenerates vitamin E from its oxidized tocopheroxyl radical form, extending its antioxidant capacity.
- Vitamin C Liposomal × Vitamin EInfoVitamin C Liposomal regenerates vitamin E from its oxidized tocopheroxyl radical form, extending its antioxidant capacity.
- Vitamin D3 × Vitamin K2InfoVitamin D3 increases calcium absorption, while K2 activates osteocalcin and matrix GLA protein to direct calcium into bones and...
- Vitamin D3 × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoVitamin D3 increases calcium absorption, while K2 activates osteocalcin and matrix GLA protein to direct calcium into bones and...
- Vitamin D3 × ZincInfoAdequate zinc status supports normal zinc-finger transcription biology, including vitamin D receptor DNA-binding domains....
- Vitamin D3 × Zinc CarnosineInfoAdequate zinc status supports normal zinc-finger transcription biology, including vitamin D receptor DNA-binding domains....
- Vitamin D3 × Zinc PicolinateInfoAdequate zinc status supports normal zinc-finger transcription biology, including vitamin D receptor DNA-binding domains....
- Vitamin K1 × Vitamin K2InfoK1 primarily supports coagulation while K2 (MK-7) directs calcium to bones. Complementary roles in vitamin K metabolism.
- Vitamin K1 × Vitamin K2 MK-4InfoK1 primarily supports coagulation while K2 (MK-7) directs calcium to bones. Complementary roles in vitamin K metabolism.
No interactions match that filter.