What is happening. Garlic extract has modest blood-pressure-lowering properties demonstrated in meta-analyses. Combined with perindopril, the antihypertensive effects can be additive, which may benefit blood pressure control but can also increase the risk of hypotension, dizziness, and lightheadedness, particularly when standing or in volume-depleted patients.
Mechanism. Garlic-derived organosulfur compounds promote vasodilation partly through hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide pathways, producing an additive blood-pressure-lowering effect when combined with perindopril's reduction of angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction.
Recommendation. Patients combining garlic supplements with perindopril should monitor blood pressure and watch for symptoms of low blood pressure such as dizziness or fainting. Inform the prescriber so that antihypertensive dosing can be adjusted if needed. Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions.