NSTK · 01.2026Independent supplement reference
NutriStack
Edition 1.0Updated August 1, 2026

Supplement × Prescription·Evidence index

Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa: what the published research says

PubMed indexes 6 records that name Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa together, either in the title or in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context. Each one is listed below with its study design and, where the abstract states one, the authors’ own conclusion, quoted and linked. This page reports that literature. It does not tell you whether to combine them.

Read this first

An evidence index, not guidance.

Every statement below is attributed to a named, dated, linked source.

This page lists published research relevant to Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa. It deliberately does not state whether the combination is safe, whether it interacts, in which direction, at what dose, or how far apart to take them.

The research

6 studies naming Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa.

Strongest relevance first: papers naming both substances in the title, then human trials and systematic reviews.

Ferrous sulfate reduces levodopa bioavailability: chelation as a possible mechanism.

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 1989 · PMID 2920496

Clinical TrialRandomized Controlled Trial

“Chelation of iron by levodopa is the likely mechanism for this drug interaction. The clinical significance of this interaction is yet to be established.”

Campbell et al. · From the abstract

Names both Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa in its title.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia: brain iron deposition as a new hypothesis.

Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024 · PMID 39212870

ReviewHuman subjects

“Herein, we reviewed the mechanisms by which iron deposition may be associated with LID development, which are mainly related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction. Using iron as an important target, the search and development of safe and effective brain iron scavengers, and thus the alleviation and treatment of LID, has a very important scientific and clinical value, as well as a good application prospect.”

Zhang et al. · From the abstract

Names both Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa in its title.

Comprehensive mapping of the Interaction of levodopa and iron metabolism in Parkinson's disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024 · PMID 39345474

Preprint

“This highlights the need for careful consideration of its effects on iron metabolism as a consequence of use in the long-term management of PD. Further experimental validation is required to confirm these interactions, and also to explore potential strategies to mitigate iron-related side effects while preserving therapeutic efficacy.”

Wang et al. · From the abstract

Names both Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa in its title.

Restless Legs Syndrome in Chronic Kidney Disease- a Systematic Review.

Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2023 · PMID 37008995

Systematic ReviewHuman subjects

“This updated review showed that RLS is two to three times more common in patients with CKD compared to the general population. More patients with CKD-A-RLS demonstrated increased mortality, increased incidence of cardiovascular accident, depression, insomnia and impaired quality of life than those with CKD without RLS.”

Safarpour et al. · Authors' conclusion

Names Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa together in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context.

How to Optimize the Effectiveness and Safety of Parkinson's Disease Therapy? - A Systematic Review of Drugs Interactions with Food and Dietary Supplements.

Current neuropharmacology · 2022 · PMID 34784871

Systematic ReviewHuman subjects

“We found evidence for levodopa positive interaction with coffee, fiber and vitamin C, as well as for the potential beneficial impact of low-fat and protein redistribution diet. Contrastingly, high-protein diet and ferrous sulfate supplements can negatively affect levodopa pharmacokinetics and effectiveness. For other drugs, the data of food impact are scarce.”

Agnieszka et al. · Authors' conclusion

Names Iron and Levodopa/Carbidopa together in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context.

Limitations

What this evidence cannot tell you.

Search-based evidence indexes have real limits, and it is worth being explicit about them:

NutriStack

Track what you actually take.

NutriStack is a free iPhone app for organising a supplement routine: what you take, when, and what the published record says about it. Its exploratory interaction checker covers Iron, Levodopa/Carbidopa, and several hundred other substances.

The checker is a research and organisation tool, not a clinical decision aid, and its per-pair assessments are excluded from search until they pass claim-level review.

NutriStack is an informational and organizational tool, not a medical service, and not a substitute for professional advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.