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Supplement × Supplement·Evidence index

L-Arginine and L-Lysine: what the research found

PubMed indexes 8 records that name L-Arginine and L-Lysine together, either in the title or in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context. The key findings come first, in the authors’ own words, followed by every study with its design and PubMed link.

A summary of published research, not medical advice. A pharmacist can check any combination against your full list of medicines and supplements.

Key findings

What the studies concluded.

Reviews and human studies first. Each quote is the authors’ own conclusion about their study, not a NutriStack assessment, and a single study is not a consensus.

“The lysine restriction mimetic, homoarginine administration, significantly enhances the efficacy of anticancer therapies through lysosomal dysfunction. This study underscores the critical role of lysosomal function modulated by amino acid metabolism in GBM pathogenesis and treatment.”

Jing et al. · 2025 · Human study · details

“Previous research has indicated that lysine chloramines are cytotoxic and genotoxic to human cells. The conversion of lysine and arginine cationic side chains to neutral chloramines should alter protein structure and function and enhance protein aggregation by hydrophobic interactions, contributing to pathogen inactivation.”

Shi et al. · 2023 · Human study · details

“Lysine is an amino acid that can interfere mainly in the formation of capsid proteins and DNA by a competitive antagonism with amino acid arginine, which is an essential amino acid for some viruses, and also by promoting the increase of arginase, increasing the catabolism of arginine. Although there is evidence of the importance of L-lysine in viral control, more studies are needed, with a view to new antiviral…”

The research

8 studies naming L-Arginine and L-Lysine.

Strongest relevance first: papers naming both substances in the title, then human trials and systematic reviews.

Lysine-arginine imbalance overcomes therapeutic tolerance governed by the transcription factor E3-lysosome axis in glioblastoma.

Nature communications · 2025 · PMID 40169552

Human subjects

“The lysine restriction mimetic, homoarginine administration, significantly enhances the efficacy of anticancer therapies through lysosomal dysfunction. This study underscores the critical role of lysosomal function modulated by amino acid metabolism in GBM pathogenesis and treatment.”

Jing et al. · From the abstract

Names both L-Arginine and L-Lysine in its title.

Shuttle between arginine and lysine: influence on cancer immunonutrition.

Amino acids · 2023 · PMID 37728630

Review

“The review highlights aspects of lysine's interference with arginine-mediated NO generation and its consequences on immunonutritional and anti-cancer effects, and discusses possible alternatives to manage the condition. However, further research that considers monitoring lysine levels in arginine immunonutritional therapy is essential to conclude the hypothesis.”

Sindhu et al. · From the abstract

Names both L-Arginine and L-Lysine in its title.

Lysine and Arginine Reactivity and Transformation Products during Peptide Chlorination.

Environmental science & technology · 2023 · PMID 36976858

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Human subjects

“Previous research has indicated that lysine chloramines are cytotoxic and genotoxic to human cells. The conversion of lysine and arginine cationic side chains to neutral chloramines should alter protein structure and function and enhance protein aggregation by hydrophobic interactions, contributing to pathogen inactivation.”

Shi et al. · From the abstract

Names both L-Arginine and L-Lysine in its title.

L-lysine: Its antagonism with L-arginine in controlling viral infection. Narrative literature review.

British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022 · PMID 35723628

ReviewHuman subjects

“Lysine is an amino acid that can interfere mainly in the formation of capsid proteins and DNA by a competitive antagonism with amino acid arginine, which is an essential amino acid for some viruses, and also by promoting the increase of arginase, increasing the catabolism of arginine. Although there is evidence of the importance of L-lysine in viral control, more studies are needed, with a view to new antiviral therapies.”

Pedrazini et al. · From the abstract

Names both L-Arginine and L-Lysine in its title.

The Role and Mechanism of Lysine Methyltransferase and Arginine Methyltransferase in Kidney Diseases.

Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022 · PMID 35559246

Review

“The inhibition of most methyltransferases can attenuate kidney injury, while the role of methyltransferase in different animal models remains controversial. In this article, we summarize the role and mechanism of lysine methyltransferase and arginine methyltransferase in various kidney diseases and highlight methyltransferase as a potential therapeutic target for kidney diseases.”

Zhou et al. · From the abstract

Names both L-Arginine and L-Lysine in its title.

Limitations

What this evidence cannot tell you.

Search-based evidence indexes have real limits, and it is worth being explicit about them:

How to read this page

A literature summary, not guidance.

NutriStack

Track what you actually take.

NutriStack is a free iPhone app for organising a supplement routine: what you take, when, and what the published record says about it. Its exploratory interaction checker covers L-Arginine, L-Lysine, and several hundred other substances.

Log your routine, get reminders at the times you choose, and scan a label to add a product. The checker is a research and organisation tool, not a clinical decision aid.

NutriStack is an informational and organizational tool, not a medical service, and not a substitute for professional advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.