Vitamin E and Vitamin K2: what the published research says
PubMed indexes 8 records that name Vitamin E and Vitamin K2 together, either in the title or in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context. Each one is listed below with its study design and, where the abstract states one, the authors’ own conclusion, quoted and linked. This page reports that literature. It does not tell you whether to combine them.
Every statement below is attributed to a named, dated, linked source.
This page lists published research relevant to Vitamin E and Vitamin K2. It deliberately does not state whether the combination is safe, whether it interacts, in which direction, at what dose, or how far apart to take them.
A study appearing here is not proof that an interaction exists. Two substances can be named together in a paper that never tested them in combination, and a source listed as background may cover only one of them.
Findings are quoted from each abstract as the authors wrote them. NutriStack has not re-analysed, pooled, or reconciled them, and they may disagree with each other.
NutriStack’s own interaction assessment for this pair is not published here. It has not completed qualified-human clinical review, so it is withheld from search. See the publication gate.
Nothing here is medical advice. Decisions about prescription medication and supplements belong with your prescriber or pharmacist, who can see your full regimen.
The research
8 studies naming Vitamin E and Vitamin K2.
Strongest relevance first: papers naming both substances in the title, then human trials and systematic reviews.
Molecular nutrition & food research · 2012 · PMID 22707266
Comparative StudyResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Animal study
“Thus, in rats, high tissue α-T depleted tissue MK-4 without significantly increasing urinary vitamin K metabolite excretion. Changes in tissue MK-4 and PK levels may be a result of altered regulation of transporters.”
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2007 · PMID 17541221
Case ReportsHuman subjects
“Six months after starting vitamins K2 and E, the primary tumor did not increase in size and intraperitoneal dissemination disappeared on CT with a significant decrease of alpha-fetoprotein. Even though this is only one case, combination therapy of vitamin K2 and E may induce growth suppression of HCC.”
International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition · 1999 · PMID 10052017
Comparative StudyAnimal study
“It is suggested that vitamin K2 and vitamin E promoted an antiarteriosclerotic effect by radical scavenging activity. These actions of vitamin K2 are required in the structure of 2-methylnaphtoquinone and its side chain (geranylgeraniol).”
International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition · 2001 · PMID 11276919
Animal study
“The results suggest that the lutein supplement affected the absorption, tissue uptake and/or turnover rate of vitamin K. The presence of other components in the supplement confounded the interpretation of the biological effects of lutein alone on vitamin K metabolism.”
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology · 2026 · PMID 41765411
Randomized Controlled Trial
“Our findings suggest a new nutritional means by which fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability can be enhanced via co-ingestion with non-fat fermented milk. This approach could improve nutritional deficiencies of global health concern.”
Names Vitamin E and Vitamin K2 together in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context.
“-0.34 µg/mL (-1.71-2.15), p = 0.010). Liposomes may augment the bioavailability of vitamin A and cyclodextrins may strengthen the supplementation of vitamins D3 and E relative to MCT in pancreatic-insufficient CF but further studies are required to assess liposomal vitamin E (German Clinical Trial Register number DRKS00014295, funded from EU and Norsa Pharma).”
Names Vitamin E and Vitamin K2 together in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context.
Limitations
What this evidence cannot tell you.
Search-based evidence indexes have real limits, and it is worth being explicit about them:
Selection. These records were found by searching PubMed titles and abstracts for both substance names alongside interaction and pharmacokinetic terms. Relevant work that phrases things differently, or is not indexed in PubMed, will be missing.
No effect size. The quoted conclusions are the authors’ words about their own study. We have not extracted effect direction or magnitude, and a single study’s conclusion is not a consensus.
Population mismatch. Findings in healthy volunteers, animals, or a specific patient group may not transfer to you, your dose, or your formulation.
Absence is not safety. Few published studies means the combination is under-studied, which is not the same as established as safe.
Nearby evidence
Other pairs with published research.
Pages covering Vitamin E or Vitamin K2 alongside a different substance.
NutriStack is a free iPhone app for organising a supplement routine: what you take, when, and what the published record says about it. Its exploratory interaction checker covers Vitamin E, Vitamin K2, and several hundred other substances.
The checker is a research and organisation tool, not a clinical decision aid, and its per-pair assessments are excluded from search until they pass claim-level review.
NutriStack is an informational and organizational tool, not a medical service, and not a substitute for professional advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.