NSTK · 01.2026Independent supplement reference
NutriStack
Edition 1.0Updated August 1, 2026

Supplement × Supplement·Evidence index

Caffeine and Melatonin: what the published research says

PubMed indexes 8 records that name Caffeine and Melatonin together, either in the title or in an interaction, co-administration, or pharmacokinetic context. Each one is listed below with its study design and, where the abstract states one, the authors’ own conclusion, quoted and linked. This page reports that literature. It does not tell you whether to combine them.

Read this first

An evidence index, not guidance.

Every statement below is attributed to a named, dated, linked source.

This page lists published research relevant to Caffeine and Melatonin. It deliberately does not state whether the combination is safe, whether it interacts, in which direction, at what dose, or how far apart to take them.

The research

8 studies naming Caffeine and Melatonin.

Strongest relevance first: papers naming both substances in the title, then human trials and systematic reviews.

Simulated pharmacokinetics of inhaled caffeine and melatonin from existing products indicate the lack of dosimetric considerations.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2024 · PMID 38493979

Human subjects

“Additional research is needed to evaluate the human pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of inhaled products. Given the lack of assessments, inhaled caffeine and melatonin must be consumed with caution as the toxicological concerns are not known and could outweigh the potential beneficial effects.”

Kolli et al. · From the abstract

Names both Caffeine and Melatonin in its title.

IBA and melatonin increase trigonelline and caffeine during the induction and initiation of adventitious roots in Coffea arabica L. cuttings.

Scientific reports · 2023 · PMID 37704663

“The correlations of trigoneline and caffeine with phenols and antioxidant enzymes reveal different profiles, depending on the phases. The results indicate that IBA and melatonin increase trigonelline and caffeine during the induction and initiation of adventitious roots in Coffea arabica cuttings, which is correlated with a higher percentage of rooted cuttings.”

de Andrade et al. · From the abstract

Names both Caffeine and Melatonin in its title.

Melatonin-Caffeine Combination Modulates Gamma Radiation-induced Sperm Malformations in C57BL/6 Male Mice at Sublethal Dose of Gamma Radiation.

Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2021 · PMID 34349489

“This study suggests that caffeine exerts a protective effect when given in combination with melatonin against gamma irradiation in sperms of C57BL/6 mice and could be a potent combination for the development of radioprotector.”

Kushwaha et al. · Authors' conclusion

Names both Caffeine and Melatonin in its title.

Design of multi-particulate "Dome matrix" with sustained-release melatonin and delayed-release caffeine for jet lag treatment.

International journal of pharmaceutics · 2020 · PMID 32673769

Animal study

“The caffeine was released substantially in colonic fluid in response to matrix polymers being degraded by rat colonic content. Dome matrix with dual drug release kinetics and modulated pharmacokinetics is produced to introduce melatonin-induced sleep phase then caffeine-stimulated wake phase.”

Razali et al. · From the abstract

Names both Caffeine and Melatonin in its title.

Caffeine increases mitochondrial function and blocks melatonin signaling to mitochondria in Alzheimer's mice and cells.

Neuropharmacology · 2012 · PMID 22959965

Animal study

“Therefore, caffeine and increased cyclic nucleotide levels likely block melatonin signaling to mitochondria by independent mechanisms that do not involve adenosine receptor antagonism. The results of this study indicate that melatonin restores mitochondrial function much more potently than caffeine in APP(sw) transgenic mouse and cell models of Alzheimer's disease.”

Dragicevic et al. · From the abstract

Names both Caffeine and Melatonin in its title.

Limitations

What this evidence cannot tell you.

Search-based evidence indexes have real limits, and it is worth being explicit about them:

NutriStack

Track what you actually take.

NutriStack is a free iPhone app for organising a supplement routine: what you take, when, and what the published record says about it. Its exploratory interaction checker covers Caffeine, Melatonin, and several hundred other substances.

The checker is a research and organisation tool, not a clinical decision aid, and its per-pair assessments are excluded from search until they pass claim-level review.

NutriStack is an informational and organizational tool, not a medical service, and not a substitute for professional advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.