What is happening. The sulfhydryl group of captopril chelates zinc and increases urinary zinc excretion, and long-term ACE inhibitor therapy has been associated with reduced zinc status in some patients. Low zinc has been linked to taste disturbances, a recognized captopril side effect. Conversely, when supplementing, zinc and captopril taken together may chelate in the gut and modestly reduce absorption of each.
Mechanism. Captopril's thiol moiety binds zinc, forming a chelate that increases renal zinc loss over time and can lower body zinc stores; this depletion mechanism is distinct from a same-dose absorption effect.
Recommendation. No supplement is required for most patients. If taste disturbance or signs of zinc deficiency develop during long-term captopril therapy, discuss zinc status with a clinician. If supplementing zinc, separating it from captopril by about 2 hours may limit gut chelation.