What is happening. Prescription niacin and fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids EPA/DHA) both lower triglycerides through complementary mechanisms and are sometimes used together for hypertriglyceridemia. The combination is generally well tolerated, though both can have mild effects on glucose and platelet function, so monitoring is still appropriate.
Mechanism. Nicotinic acid reduces hepatic VLDL/triglyceride synthesis by inhibiting lipolysis and diacylglycerol acyltransferase, while omega-3 fatty acids decrease hepatic triglyceride production and increase fatty acid oxidation. The mechanisms are complementary, giving additive triglyceride lowering.
Recommendation. Concurrent use can be reasonable for triglyceride lowering under clinician guidance. Monitor lipids and, in diabetic patients, glucose. There is no required dose separation. Watch for additive bruising or bleeding tendency if other antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents are also used.